PHYSIO LAB 1

If beaker A has 50 solute molecules in 1 liter of water and beaker B has 50 solute molecules in 2 liters of water, which is the less concentrated?

B

the government agency for studying disease risks and occurrence

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Correct order of steps to view a specimen at 40X magnification

Click power switch to turn on light Adjust light to appropriate brightness Focus at 4X using coarse focus knob Adjust ocular lenses to view one image Focus using fine focus knob Adjust the stage to move the star to the center of microscope view Put 10X objective in place Focus using fine focus knob Put 40X objective in place Adjust using fine focus knob

The laboratory portion of the course is designed to:

Develop skill in measurement, calculation, and analytical techniques used in physiology; Apply the steps of the scientific method; Practice following instructions in laboratory exercises; Apply concepts studied during lectures.

There are three factors that determine the quality of a microscopic image:

Magnification is the apparent increase in image size. Resolution is the ability to distinguish fine detail. Contrast refers to the ability to distinguish objects, such as cells, from the background.

Nurse Emma measured out 5 grams of potassium chloride(KCl). Using dimensional analysis, calculate how many moles of KCl she weighed out. (Go out to 2 decimal places in your final answer) HINT:Remember from your chemistry class that the molecular mass tells you how many grams are in 1 mole for any substance! That could be a useful conversion factor here, eh?

Molecular mass: 39.1 (1) + 35.5 (1) = 74.6 g/mol 5 g KCl * 1 mol KCl/ 74.6 g KCl = 5/ 74.6 mol KCl = 0.07 mol KCl

In both research and clinical laboratories, there is another Federal government agency that establishes and enforces policies for workplace safety.

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).

Often what you want to visualize is not in the middle of the field of view and you must move the slide around to find what you want to study.

To move the slide, you move the stage. As you look at the microscope the stage knob on the top moves the stage forward and back. The stage knob on the bottom moves the stage side to side.

he accepted procedures for the safe handling of hazardous materials are called the

Universal Standards or Universal Precautions

The passive movement of solute from a place of higher to lower concentration is called:

diffusion

To weigh out 1 mole of a substance, one would weigh out the atomic or molecular mass in these units.

grams

more info on safety practices- READ

https://www.uofmhealth.org/health-library/tv7778spec

If a cell membrane does not allow a particular solute to pass through, it is said to be ___ to that solute.

impermeable

Atoms or molecules with an electrical charge are called

ions

Where should students go FIRST each week to find instructions on how to complete the virtual lab activities each week?

laboratory materials section in modules

Volume

microliter, milliliter, deciliter, liter

Mass (weight)

milligrams, grams, kilograms

The measurement of a solution concentration that reflects the number of moles of a solute per liter of solution is called:

molarity

If Nurse Emma adds that 5 grams of KCl to water to make 1 liter of solution(calculated in the previous problem), what is the molar concentration or molarity(reported in the units M) of the solution? Show how you arrived at your final answer in the space below.(Go out to 1 decimal place in your final answer) HINT: Remember from your chemistry class that, by definition, molarity(M)is the number of moles of solute in 1 Liter of solution(i.e., a 2 M solution contains 2 moles of solute dissolved in 1 L of solution)

molecular traingle - 0.07 mol / 1 L = 0.07 M = 0.1 M

molarity

moles of solute/liters of solution

When will new lab activities be posted each week?

monday mornings

On what day of the week and at what time will the Lab Exams begin for your section?

mondays at 4

The passive movement of water across a membrane is called:

osmosis

Cell membranes are made up of a bilayer of these molecules.

phospholipids

This subatomic particle has a positive charge.

proton

A solution's concentration represents the amount of (solute or solvent) in that solution.

solute

The substances dissolved in a solution are called:

solute

The liquid part of a solution is called:

solvent

____+ Solute= Solution

solvent

When are all lab activities due each week?

the following sunday

solvent

the liquid in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution

total magnification

the overall enlargement of the image of a specimen. To calculate total magnification, multiply the magnification of the ocular lens (10X) with the magnification of the objective lens.

concentration

the strength of a solution or the amount of dissolved substance in a given volume of solvent

solute

the substance being dissolved

according to the CDC how many diseases can be transported by blood alone?

there are over 200 diseases that can be transmitted by blood alone. They include hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, the cause of AIDS).

To work safely in any laboratory environment

you must ALWAYS know all relevant OSHA rules and follow them to the letter or steep fines and disciplinary action can occur.

transmission electron microscope (TEM)

- this type of microscope also uses electrons to produce an image. -rather than studying the surface of the specimen, the TEM is used to magnify the internal structures of cells. -In order to do this, the specimen must be cut with a diamond-edged knife so it is thin enough for the electrons to pass through. - This is the type of microscope used to study organelles within a cell.

units on atomic mass

-the number under the element on the periodic table amu

scanning electron microscope (SEM)

-large enough to fill a small room. -used to examine the outside surface of a specimen. -The surface is treated with a radioactive substance and then the microscope scans the specimen with an electron beam. -The electrons reflect back an enlarged image of the specimen's surface. -The image can be magnified millions of times.

compound or light microscope

-provides enough magnification to examine tissues or clusters of cells. -Only large intracellular structures can be seen with light microscopes.

field of view

-the amount of the slide you are able to see through the eyepiece. -The lower the power objective, the greater the field of view.

units of molar (molecular) mass

-the atomic mass multiplied by how many there are added to the other element -ex: HCl would be (1)39.10+(1)35.45= 74.55 -g/mol

the seven universal precautions everyone should take whenever handling body fluids (saliva, blood, urine, etc.).

1. assume that everyone is infectious 2. cover cuts w bandages 3. wear gloves and dispose of them in a plastic bag after their one time use 4. wash hands w soap and water for at least 20 seconds and use lotion to prevent irritation 5. use a mixture of 1 part bleach to 9 parts water to clean up. dispose of paper towels/gloves in a bag 6. discard garbage in a sealed plastic bag 7. place soiled items in a sealed plastic bag and wash them separately w hot soapy water and hot dry or dry clean

The atomic mass of chloride is:

35.5 g/mol

To make a 0.5M (molar concentration) solution, ___ grams of KCl would be added to water to form 1L of solution

37.3 g KCl How: molecular triangle - 0.5 M * 1 L = 0.5 moles Conversion to grams - 0.5 mol KCl * 74.55 g KCl/1 mol KCl = 37.3 g KCl

The atomic mass of potassium is:

39.1 g/mol

How many online Lab Exams will there be throughout the semester?

4

Liam purchased 6ounces of medical marijuana that was priced at $300 per pound. Using the methods of dimensional analysis shown in Appendix B, calculate the cost of the marijuana Liam purchased.(Go out to 2decimal places in your final answer)

6 oz * 1 lb/ 16 oz = 6/16 lbs = 0.375 lbs = 0.375 lbs * $300/ 1 lb = $112.50

One mole of any chemical substance contains exactly _____ atoms or molecules of that substance.

6.022 * 10^23

When asked, Sofia said she weighs 65 kilograms. Sofia is from Italy where metric units are used instead of English units. Use dimensional analysis to calculate how much Sofia weighs in pounds. (Go out to 1 decimal place in your final answer)

65 kg * 2.2 lbs/ 1 kg = 65 * 2.2 lbs = 143.0 lbs

The molecular mass of potassium chloride (KCl) is:

74.6 g/mol How: 39.1(1) + 35.5(1) = 74.6 those #s are the atomic mass of both elements multiplied by how many there are

One method to prepare a sample for viewing under the microscope is to make a wet mount.

The advantages of a wet mount may include: Fast preparation. Requires no special equipment other than a transfer pipette, slide, and cover slip. Organisms may be viewed in their living state. Movement of motile microorganisms can be observed.

Temperature

degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit