PMT352B Exam 2

How many technical management processes are there?

8

How many technical processes are there?

8

Interoperability Testing

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What are the ramifications of an International Cooperative Program (ICP)?

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What are the sources of risk?

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What is the process for Clinger Cohen confirmation?

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What are N2 diagrams?

A diagram to analyze interfaces and interactions. used to identify and analyze interface requirements between physical components or functions.

What are the three components of risk?

A future root cause (yet to happen), which, if eliminated or corrected, would prevent a potential consequence from occurring, A probability (or likelihood) assessed at the present time of that future root cause occurring, and The consequence (or effect) of that future occurrence.

What are the types of contract financing?

Commercial - advance payments and interim payments Non-commercial - advance payments, loan guarantees, progress payments, performance based payments

Technical Assessment

Compares achieved results with defined criteria to provide a fact-based understanding of the current level of product knowledge, technical maturity, program status, and technical risk. Includes methods such as technical reviews and use of technical performance measures (TPMs).

What are the cost reimbursement contract types?

Cost plus fixed fee, cost plus incentive fee, cost plus award fee

What review covers the product baseline?

Critical Design Review (CDR)

What technical management process is used in trade-off analysis?

Decision Analysis

What is the allocated baseline?

Describes how system level functional and performance requirements are allocated to physical components (hardware items, software items, and users)

What is the product baseline?

Describes in detail how to fabricate components and code software

What is the incremental software development approach?

Determines user needs and defines the overall architecture, but then delivers the system in a series of increments ("software builds"). The first build incorporates a part of the total planned capabilities; the next build adds more capabilities, and so on, until the entire system is complete.

What are the documents or artifacts used in Stakeholder Requirements Definition?

ICD, Draft CDD, CONOPS, Architecture views, statutory and regulations, design constraints, and interface requirements

Technical Data Management

Identifies, acquires, manages, maintains, and ensures access to the technical data and computer software required to manage and support a system throughout the acquisition life cycle.

What is reliability?

Reliability is a measure of a component, subassembly, assembly or system to perform its intended function under a prescribed set of conditions. It is a probability

In what technical process is the Functional Flow Block Diagram created?

Requirements Analysis

Where do we document the Government's system engineering strategy?

SEP

What are TPMs?

Selected attributes that are measurable through analysis from the early stages of design and development. Should be based on parameters that: Drive costs Are on the critical path Represent High Risk factors

What are the 4 stages of the spectrum identification process?

Stages of the DD Form 1494 submittal process: Stage 1 Conceptual (MDD) Stage 2 Experimental (MS A) Stage 3 Development (MS B) Stage 4 Operational (MS C)

What are the decomposition processes?

Stakeholder Requirements Definitions, Requirements Analysis, Architecture Design

What are the left-side Vee processes?

Stakeholder Requirements Definitions, Requirements Analysis, Architecture Design

What are the Technical Processes?

Stakeholder Requirements Definitions, Requirements Analysis, Architecture Design, Implementation, Integration, Verification, Validation, Transition

What review covers the functional baseline?

System Functional Review (SFR)

What is the main artifact of the functional baseline?

System Performance Spec

Verification requirements provide the basis for what document?

TEMP

What are the technical management processes?

Technical Planning, Requirements Management, Configuration Management, Interface Management, Technical Data Management, Decision Analysis, Technical Assessment, Risk Management

What is a Functional Flow Block Diagram?

The FFBD is a diagram that divides the requirements into logical groups and shows the decomposition levels. Indicates the logical and sequential relationships Shows the entire "network of actions" and the "logical sequence" Does NOT prescribe a time duration to or between functions HOWEVER: A time line analysis will be done "based on the FFBD" Does NOT show "how" a function is to be performed HOWEVER: the "how" will have to be identified for each block

What is the Control Account Manager's Role in the IBRs?

The contractor single point of contact for management of the Cost Account within the WBS Manages cost, schedule, and technical performance of the Cost Account Supports customer meetings Accountable to Program Manager for performance

What are the risks with COTS software?

Uneven product quality Overstated capability Loss of acquirer control Integration effort Vendor stability Modification cost Obsolescence Security

In what technical process is OT performed?

Validation

In what technical process is DT performed?

Verification

What are the software development approaches?

Waterfall, Spiral, Incremental

What contract type is the greatest risk to the contractor?

firm fixed price (FFP)

What are the fixed price contract types?

firm fixed price, fixed price award fee, fixed price incentive

When can we use OTAs?

at least one nontraditional defense contractor 1/3 of prototype cost is paid by someone other than the government senior procurement executive for the agency determines in writing that exceptional circumstances justify the use

Which contract type is the greatest risk to the government?

cost plus fixed fee (CPFF)

What is the functional baseline?

defines what the system must do (functions) and how well it must do it (performance)

What are performance based payments?

payment is based on the achievement of specific events that are defined and valued in advance by the parties to the contract

What are the benefits of COTS software?

reduced development time, faster insertion of new technology, and lower life cycle costs, owing to a more robust industrial base

Why do we have OTAs?

Flexibility in prototyping contracts

What review covers the allocated baseline?

Preliminary Design Review (PDR)

Who has to identify UIDs?

Program manager

Verification

Provides evidence that the system or system element performs its intended functions and meets all performance requirements listed in the system performance specification and functional and allocated baselines. Verification answers the question, "Did you build the system correctly?"

Validation

Provides objective evidence that the capability provided by the system complies with stakeholder performance requirements, achieving its use in its intended operational environment. Validation answers the question, "Is it the right solution to the problem?"

What is the spiral software development approach?

A risk-driven controlled prototyping approach that develops prototypes early in the development process to specifically address risk areas followed by assessment of prototyping results and further determination of risk areas to prototype. Areas that are prototyped frequently include user requirements and algorithm performance. Prototyping continues until high risk areas are resolved and mitigated to an acceptable level.

What is the Integrated Baseline Review?

An "ongoing" activity that is a joint assessment conducted by the government and contractor program managers to establish the Performance Measurement Baseline (PMB)

In what technical process is the trade-off analysis performed?

Architecture Design

What technical process uses N2 diagrams?

Architecture Design

What Risk mitigation options are available to address potential consequence during a program life cycle?

Avoid, Control, Transferring, and Assuming

What are the barriers to competition?

CICA?

What is the waterfall software development approach?

Development activities are performed in order, with possibly minor overlap, but with little or no iteration between activities. User needs are determined, requirements are defined, and the full system is designed, built, and tested for ultimate delivery at one point in time. A document-driven approach best suited for highly precedented systems with stable requirements.

What is the System Requirements Review?

Done in Stakeholder Requirements Definition as part of the Technical Assessment Process. The SRR ensures that the PMO, user, and contractor all have a common understanding & agreement on: the system level technical requirements and the associated costs, schedule, and risks associated with realizing a system to meet the requirements.

What is EO 13423?

EO for Federal agencies to enact improve business activities as they relate to environment, transportation, and energy

When is the SEP developed?

Early on

Interface Management

Ensure interface definition and compliance among the system elements, as well as with other systems. Documents all internal and external interface requirements and requirements changes in accordance with the program's Configuration Management Plan.

Requirements Management

Ensures bi-directional traceability from the high-level requirements down to the system elements through the lowest level of the design (top down); and from any derived lower-level requirement up to the applicable source from which it originates (bottom-up).

Technical Planning

Ensures that the SE processes are applied properly throughout a system's life cycle, includes defining the scope of the technical effort required to develop, field, and sustain the system, as well as providing critical quantitative inputs to program planning and life-cycle cost estimates.

Configuration Management

Establishes and maintains the consistency of a system's functional, performance, and physical attributes with its requirements, design, and operational documentation throughout the system's life cycle.

What are the realization processes?

Implementation, Integration, Verification, Validation, Transition

What are the right-side Vee processes?

Implementation, Integration, Verification, Validation, Transition

Integration

Incorporates the lower level system elements into a higher-level system element in the physical architecture.

What technical process happens at each & every level in the system architecture?

Integration

Architecture Design

Involves a trade and synthesis process that translates the outputs of the Stakeholder Requirements Definition and Requirements Analysis processes into a system allocated baseline that describes the physical architecture of the system and the specifications that describe the functional and performance requirements for each configuration item along with the interfaces that compose the system.

Requirements Analysis

Involves the decomposition of top-level requirements captured by the Stakeholder Requirements Definition process into a clear, achievable, verifiable and complete set of system requirements.

Risk Management

Involves the mitigation of program uncertainties that are critical to achieving cost, schedule, and performance goals at every stage of the life cycle. Encompasses identification, analysis, mitigation planning, mitigation plan implementation, and tracking of program risks.

Stakeholder Requirements Definitions

Involves the translation of requirements from relevant stakeholders into a set of top-level technical requirements. The process helps ensure each individual stakeholder's requirements, expectations, and perceived constraints are understood from the acquisition perspective

Implementation

Involves two primary efforts; detailed design and realization. Outputs included the detailed design down to the lowest system elements in the system architecture, and the fabrication/production procedures

What are the COTS software best practices?

Match the business practices of the item COTS eval for system reqts Build relationship with vendors Lifecycle change management process T&E strategy

Transition

Moves any system element to the next level in the physical architecture. For the end-item system, it is the process to install and field the system to the user in the operational environment.

What has to be identified as a UID?

The controlled cost is $5,000 or more. A UID or a DoD-recognized UID equivalent is available. It is a component of a delivered item, if the program manager has determined that unique identification is required. It is either a serially managed, mission essential or controlled inventory piece of equipment or a reparable item, or a consumable item or material where permanent identification is required.

How does the government mitigate contract financing risk?

The government requires the contract provide some form of security or collateral in the event they fail to perform.

Decision Analysis

Transforms a broadly stated decision opportunity into a traceable, defendable, and actionable plan. employ procedures, methods, and tools, such as trade studies, for identifying, representing, and formally assessing the important aspects of alternative decisions to select an optimum decision.

What are progress payments?

a form of government financing in recognition of the need for working capital, for long lead items, and work in-process expenditures

What are the 5 process steps of risk?

• Risk Identification, • Risk Analysis, • Risk Mitigation Planning, • Risk Mitigation Plan Implementation, and • Risk Tracking.