POC Exam 4
5. Saliva has many protective functions in the oral cavity. Which of the following is the most important protective property of saliva in the caries process? A) Buffering of acids B) Aid in digestion C) Aid in speech D) Carrier of antibodies
A) Buffering of acids
15. Which one of the following is true regarding the use of tetracycline antibiotics? A) Discoloration of the teeth may be generalized or limited to specific parts of individual teeth B) Tetracycline antibiotics are absorbed by the lungs C) Administering tetracycline antibiotics to a pregnant mother during the third trimester of pregnancy may result in discoloration of the mother's teeth D) Discoloration is always the same regardless of the type of tetracycline used
A) Discoloration of the teeth may be generalized or limited to specific parts of individual teeth
1. Which dental index evaluates both debris and calculus and examines the facial surfaces of teeth 3, 8, 14, and 24 and lingual surfaces of 19 and 30? A) OHI-S B) GI C) Pl I D) Plaque-free score
A) OHI-S
15. Which one of the following statements is true when evaluating a mixed dentition? A) Permanent and primary teeth are evaluated separately B) Permanent and primary teeth are evaluated together C) Permanent teeth are evaluated and primary teeth are not in a mixed dentition D) Primary teeth are only evaluated up to age
A) Permanent and primary teeth are evaluated separately
11. A habit, behavior, lifestyle, or condition that when present increases the probability of a disease occurring is a term often used in medical research. Which of the following best fits this definition? A) Risk factor B) Common factor C) Likely factor D) Arbitrary factor
A) Risk factor
14. Which one of the following is a bleeding index? A) SBI B) DMFT C) DMFS D) None of the above
A) SBI
William, a 13-year-old male, presented to the dental office for routine dental hygiene therapy. In the dental hygienist's initial clinical exam, he noticed a moderate amount of dental biofilm along the cervical areas of a majority of the patient's teeth. He also noted that the patient's gingival margin was red and bulbous in the anterior facial region. It is also indicated that a sealant is needed on #31. When questioned about his oral hygiene routine, William admitted that he does not follow the recommended routine at home. When the dental hygienist began to talk to him about gingivitis, he interrupted and described what gingivitis is very accurately. When asked to perform his oral hygiene routine, the patient did so in an acceptable manner. 9. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. When using Two-Tone disclosing agent, the blue stain indicates what? A) Thicker, older biofilm B) Areas absent of biofilm C) Thinner, newer biofilm D) Biofilm with high bacterial counts
A) Thicker, older biofilm
12. An individual can be in the "high-risk" or "low-risk" category for development of dental caries. All of the following factors are low-risk factors in the development of dental caries for adults except one. Which one of the following factors is not low risk? A) Normal salivary flow B) Uses xylitol gum C) Sealants in pits and fissures D) Poor manual dexterity E) Regularly scheduled dental visits
D) Poor manual dexterity
6. After Stephanie completed oral exams on all the residents, she wanted to study the extent of the patients' risk for root caries diseases. Which index would help her? A) PHP B) GI C) OHI-S D) RCI
D) RCI
8. Stephanie and Dr. Brett wanted to compare the dental treatment needs of the geriatric population in Palm Beach with those of the geriatric population in Miami Beach. Which index should they use? A) World Health Organization Basic Screening Survey B) PHP C) GI D) DMFT
A) World Health Organization Basic Screening Survey
3. All of the following are considered fermentable carbohydrates except one. Which of the following is not a fermentable carbohydrate? A) Xylitol B) Sucrose C) Fructose D) Cooked starch E) Glucose
A) Xylitol
Jill Carter is a 27-year-old female; she presents herself for a maintenance exam and prophylaxis. Her last recall visit was 6 months ago, and, at that time, the dentist prescribed a brush-on fluoride gel to control caries. Jill states, "I am upset by the stains on my teeth; I don't drink coffee or smoke." She asked the RDH where this stain came from, what it is called, and how it will be removed. After carefully reviewing the medical history with Jill (she is not taking any medications) and a thorough examination, the RDH concludes she has staining. 4. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. The type of stain is most likely: A) brown stain B) orange stain C) metallic stain D) tetracycline stain
A) brown stain
3. All of the following are steps in a preventive program except: A) create the setting B) plan for intervention C) perform clinical preventive services D) plan short- and long-term maintenance E) implementation
A) create the setting
5. When evaluating teaching aids, you should consider: A) durability B) motivation C) involvement D) lectures E) diffusibility
A) durability
17. The following factors can contribute to halitosis except: A) heart disease B) renal failure C) cirrhosis of the liver D) diabetes
A) heart disease
11. White spots on a single tooth due to ameloblastic disturbance are called: A) local enamel hypoplasia B) dentinogenesis imperfecta C) decalcification D) dental fluorosis
A) local enamel hypoplasia
9. The horizontal distance between the labioincisal surfaces of the mandibular incisors and the linguoincisal surfaces of the maxillary incisors is: A) overjet B) overbite C) crossbite D) open bite
A) overjet
Jill Carter is a 27-year-old female; she presents herself for a maintenance exam and prophylaxis. Her last recall visit was 6 months ago, and, at that time, the dentist prescribed a brush-on fluoride gel to control caries. Jill states, "I am upset by the stains on my teeth; I don't drink coffee or smoke." She asked the RDH where this stain came from, what it is called, and how it will be removed. After carefully reviewing the medical history with Jill (she is not taking any medications) and a thorough examination, the RDH concludes she has staining 7. Stains occurring directly on the tooth surface can be removed by: A) scaling and polishing B) gingival probing C) using a mouthrinse containing alexidine D) regular flossin
A) scaling and polishing
3. Which index is used to screen and monitor the periodontal status of populations? A) Dean's fluorosis index B) CPI C) PHP D) G
B) CPI
1. Within the process of dental hygiene care, the needs of a patient are assessed on the basis of which of the following? A) Initial instruction session B) Histories and clinical findings C) Preventative care plan D) Health education
B) Histories and clinical findings
14. Which one of the following statements is true? A) All pulpless teeth discolor B) Not all pulpless teeth discolor C) Pulpless teeth can cause frequent pain D) None of the above
B) Not all pulpless teeth discolor
William, a 13-year-old male, presented to the dental office for routine dental hygiene therapy. In the dental hygienist's initial clinical exam, he noticed a moderate amount of dental biofilm along the cervical areas of a majority of the patient's teeth. He also noted that the patient's gingival margin was red and bulbous in the anterior facial region. It is also indicated that a sealant is needed on #31. When questioned about his oral hygiene routine, William admitted that he does not follow the recommended routine at home. When the dental hygienist began to talk to him about gingivitis, he interrupted and described what gingivitis is very accurately. When asked to perform his oral hygiene routine, the patient did so in an acceptable manner. 7. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. The hygienist should proceed next with which of the following? A) Dental biofilm removal and debridement B) Oral hygiene instructions C) Placing sealant on #31 D) Complimenting the patient on his knowledge of gingivitis
B) Oral hygiene instructions
6. All of the following are mechanisms of action of fluoride in the prevention of caries except one. Which of the following actions of fluoride is not associated with the prevention of caries? A) Inhibits demineralization B) Passes through diffusion channels to increase acid level C) Enhances remineralization D) Inhibits bacteria in the biofilm E) Interferes with enzyme activity in bacteria
B) Passes through diffusion channels to increase acid level
2. Which of the following bacteria are the infectious organisms that colonize the teeth, help to form dental biofilm, and are responsible for the dental caries process? A) Bacteroides forsythus B) Streptococcus mutans C) Prevotella intermedia D) Eubacterium nodatum E) Streptococcus intermedius complex
B) Streptococcus mutans
12. The betel leaf is commonly used by people of all ages in Eastern countries. Which one of the following is true? A) The betel leaf causes decalcification B) The betel leaf has a caries-inhibiting effect C) The betel leaf causes a yellow stain on the tooth D) The betel leaf causes a green stain on the tooth
B) The betel leaf has a caries-inhibiting effect
You have been hired as a dental hygienist at the Health Department dental clinic in your county. The patient population in this facility is predominately low income. There is no community water fluoridation in the area. Most of your patients do not follow a healthy lifestyle through diet and exercise 14. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. Your employer has decided to send the caries risk "Oral Health Check Sheet" to his patients and ask that they fill it out and bring it to their next appointment. This checkoff sheet lists 10 questions associated with a patient's caries risk. Is this a good choice by your employer and why? A) No. Most patients will learn very little about their problem if merely given a checklist to fill out B) Yes. This will be convenient for patients to complete at home and bring in C) No. The form may get lost in the mail D) Yes. This will save the dental hygienist time wasted talking to the patient E) No. This will cost the dentist too much money in stamps
B) Yes. This will be convenient for patients to complete at home and bring in
7. When incisor surfaces of maxillary teeth occlude with incisor surfaces of mandibular teeth as viewed mesiodistally, this is classified as: A) crossbite B) edge-to-edge bite C) overjet D) end-to-end bite
B) edge-to-edge bite
11. The study of health and disease in populations is: A) prevalence B) epidemiology C) validity D) reliability
B) epidemiology
Jill Carter is a 27-year-old female; she presents herself for a maintenance exam and prophylaxis. Her last recall visit was 6 months ago, and, at that time, the dentist prescribed a brush-on fluoride gel to control caries. Jill states, "I am upset by the stains on my teeth; I don't drink coffee or smoke." She asked the RDH where this stain came from, what it is called, and how it will be removed. After carefully reviewing the medical history with Jill (she is not taking any medications) and a thorough examination, the RDH concludes she has staining. 6. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. The RDH explains to the patient that this type of stain is: A) intrinsic B) extrinsic C) chlorophyll D) metallic
B) extrinsic
16. Bad breath is also known as: A) xerostomia B) halitosis C) xerogenic D) Sjogren's syndrome E) erythrosin
B) halitosis
William, a 13-year-old male, presented to the dental office for routine dental hygiene therapy. In the dental hygienist's initial clinical exam, he noticed a moderate amount of dental biofilm along the cervical areas of a majority of the patient's teeth. He also noted that the patient's gingival margin was red and bulbous in the anterior facial region. It is also indicated that a sealant is needed on #31. When questioned about his oral hygiene routine, William admitted that he does not follow the recommended routine at home. When the dental hygienist began to talk to him about gingivitis, he interrupted and described what gingivitis is very accurately. When asked to perform his oral hygiene routine, the patient did so in an acceptable manner. 10. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. After using a disclosing agent, the pellicle will stain: A) dark and thick B) mostly clear and thin C) very opaque D) with a very intense red
B) mostly clear and thin
10. The vertical distance by which the maxillary incisors overlap the mandibular incisors is classified as: A) overjet B) overbite C) crossbite D) open bite
B) overbite
14. Occlusal contacts that are made outside of the normal range of function in occlusion are called: A) functional contacts B) parafunctional contacts C) primary contacts D) proximal contacts
B) parafunctional contacts
12. The total number of cases of a specific disease or condition in existence in a given population at a certain time is called: A) placebo B) prevalence C) screening D) index
B) prevalence
12. Radiation to the head and neck can cause xerostomia because: A) the salivary glands may be removed B) radiation can permanently damage salivary glands C) radiation can enlarge the parotid gland D) radiation may cause hyperthyroidism
B) radiation can permanently damage salivary glands
10. There has been a reduction in caries in the United States since 1945, attributed to the fluoridation of the water supplies in certain communities. Which of the following is the percentage reduction in caries found? A) 80% B) 10% C) 40% D) 30% E) 70%
C) 40%
4. Acids are a byproduct of metabolic processes. All of the following acids are produced during metabolic processes except one. Which acid is not a byproduct of metabolic processes? A) Acetic acid B) Lactic acid C) Formic acid D) Phosphoric acid E) Propionic acid
D) Phosphoric acid
William, a 13-year-old male, presented to the dental office for routine dental hygiene therapy. In the dental hygienist's initial clinical exam, he noticed a moderate amount of dental biofilm along the cervical areas of a majority of the patient's teeth. He also noted that the patient's gingival margin was red and bulbous in the anterior facial region. It is also indicated that a sealant is needed on #31. When questioned about his oral hygiene routine, William admitted that he does not follow the recommended routine at home. When the dental hygienist began to talk to him about gingivitis, he interrupted and described what gingivitis is very accurately. When asked to perform his oral hygiene routine, the patient did so in an acceptable manner. 6. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. William appears to be at what level of the learning ladder? A) Unawareness B) Involvement C) Awareness D) Action
C) Awareness
You have been hired as a dental hygienist at the Health Department dental clinic in your county. The patient population in this facility is predominately low income. There is no community water fluoridation in the area. Most of your patients do not follow a healthy lifestyle through diet and exercise 15. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. When a patient presents with no dental caries, which of the following treatment options would not be recommended? A) Provide the patient with positive care and education so that dental health will be maintained B) Review the factors with the patient that put him or her in the "low risk" category C) Be glad that the patient is caries free and leave well enough alone D) Evaluate and supervise plaque control measures at routine maintenance appointments
C) Be glad that the patient is caries free and leave well enough alone
1. All of the following statements regarding dental caries are true except one. Which of the following statements is incorrect? A) Caries is an infectious disease B) Caries is a transmissible disease C) Caries is an eradicated disease D) Caries is a communicable disease E) Caries is a preventable disease
C) Caries is an eradicated disease
15. Which part of the oral cavity is a major source of organisms producing volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs)? A) Buccal mucosa B) Proximal surfaces of teeth C) Dorsal surface of tongue D) Hard palate E) Salivary glands
C) Dorsal surface of tongue
11. The determination of the classification of occlusion is based on the principles of: A) occlusion B) radiographs C) Edward Angle D) G. V. Black
C) Edward Angle
Your patient Jack is a heavy coffee drinker and has just come in for a 6-month recare appointment. Jack has a lot of stain and he is concerned that it may cause him to lose his teeth. Jack has pocket depths of 3 to 4 mm and his overall oral hygiene is good. How will you address Jacks' concerns? A) Explain that coffee stain may lead to dental decay B) Explain that coffee stain may lead to periodontal disease C) Explain that coffee stain is primarily an esthetic concern D) Explain that coffee stain can cause calculus formation
C) Explain that coffee stain is primarily an esthetic concern
2. Which one of the following types of stain is considered an intrinsic stain? A) Coffee stain B) Tobacco stain C) Fluorosis D) Black-line stain
C) Fluorosis
10. Chlorhexidine and alexidine: A) are used to treat local hypoplasia B) are used widely in metallic salts C) are used in mouthrinses and are effective against plaque formation D) are chemicals present in metallic dust, which industrial workers may inhale E) are used in prophylaxis jets
C) are used in mouthrinses and are effective against plaque formation
11. All of the following are functions of saliva except: A) speech B) cleansing C) demineralization D) tasting E) buffering
C) demineralization
3. Dental fluorosis is: A) abnormal dentin formation B) overuse of antibiotics by pregnant mothers C) enamel hypomineralization resulting from ingestion of excessive fluoride during tooth mineralization D) yellowing of the teeth associated with the aging process
C) enamel hypomineralization resulting from ingestion of excessive fluoride during tooth mineralization
20. The term putrefaction refers to: A) imaginary halitosis B) xerogenic C) enzymatic decomposition D) difficulty in swallowing
C) enzymatic decomposition
Jill Carter is a 27-year-old female; she presents herself for a maintenance exam and prophylaxis. Her last recall visit was 6 months ago, and, at that time, the dentist prescribed a brush-on fluoride gel to control caries. Jill states, "I am upset by the stains on my teeth; I don't drink coffee or smoke." She asked the RDH where this stain came from, what it is called, and how it will be removed. After carefully reviewing the medical history with Jill (she is not taking any medications) and a thorough examination, the RDH concludes she has staining. 5. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. Her stain is most likely caused by: A) chromogenic bacteria B) too much iron in her diet C) formation of stannous sulfide D) food debris
C) formation of stannous sulfide
9. In 2004, 150 new cases of squamous cell carcinoma were reported among a group of 5,000 seniors examined in the county. This is an example of: A) prevalence B) reliability C) incidence D) morbidity
C) incidence
8. When there is a lack of occlusal or incisal contact between certain maxillary and mandibular teeth because either or both have failed to reach the line of occlusion, this is classified as: A) crossbite B) overjet C) open bite D) primate space
C) open bite
12. A more comprehensive picture of malocclusion is made by the: A) endodontist B) periodontist C) orthodontist D) prosthodontist
C) orthodontist
5. A patient who has a Class III occlusion would most likely have a profile that is: A) mesognathic B) crossbite C) prognathic D) retrognathic
C) prognathic
8. Which of the following radiographs is the best choice to detect caries on proximal tooth surfaces? A) Periapical radiograph B) Occlusal radiograph C) Panorex radiograph D) Bitewing radiograph E) Cephalometric radiograph
D) Bitewing radiograph
You have been hired as a dental hygienist at the Health Department dental clinic in your county. The patient population in this facility is predominately low income. There is no community water fluoridation in the area. Most of your patients do not follow a healthy lifestyle through diet and exercise Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. You have been asked by your employer to develop a caries management strategy that covers all of the patients' needs. Which of the following is not an objective for this caries management strategy? A) Determine restorative treatment needs B) Define steps for remineralization program C) Determine areas that require remineralization D) Determine the patients' financial situation
D) Determine the patients' financial situation
13. Which of the following is a clinical symptom of xerostomia? A) Increase in taste sensation B) Excessive saliva C) Diabetes D) Difficulty swallowing
D) Difficulty swallowing
2. Dr. Brett examined and evaluated the gingiva of the 9:00 am patient; first bleeding was recorded, and then the color and contour were assessed. The teeth were then divided into facial, lingual, mesial, and distal surfaces. The scores from these four areas were added, then divided by the number of surfaces. Which index is Dr. Brett using? A) PI B) PHP C) RCI D) GI
D) GI
13. Which one of the following does not cause staining? A) Coffee B) Smokeless tobacco C) Cigars D) None of the above
D) None of the above
5. Stephanie wants to do a series of presentations on oral hygiene and plaque control aids. Which index would assist her in monitoring oral hygiene performance? A) Dean's index B) RCI C) DMFT D) PHP
D) PHP
15. The purpose of a proximal contact is: A) to prevent food impaction B) to stabilize the position of teeth in the dental arch C) to prevent drifting D) all of the above
D) all of the above
14. Saliva substitutes contain calcium, phosphorus, fluoride, and: A) pilocarpine B) Sjogren's C) alcohol D) carboxymethylcellulose E) fluorescein
D) carboxymethylcellulose
13. A primary canine relation that does not exhibit any primate spaces is classified as: A) normal occlusion B) crossbite C) open bite D) closed arches
D) closed arches
William, a 13-year-old male, presented to the dental office for routine dental hygiene therapy. In the dental hygienist's initial clinical exam, he noticed a moderate amount of dental biofilm along the cervical areas of a majority of the patient's teeth. He also noted that the patient's gingival margin was red and bulbous in the anterior facial region. It is also indicated that a sealant is needed on #31. When questioned about his oral hygiene routine, William admitted that he does not follow the recommended routine at home. When the dental hygienist began to talk to him about gingivitis, he interrupted and described what gingivitis is very accurately. When asked to perform his oral hygiene routine, the patient did so in an acceptable manner. 8. Open and read the attached case to answer the following question. The dental hygienist decided to apply a disclosing agent. All of the following are properties of an acceptable disclosing agent except: A) distinct staining of deposits B) pleasant taste C) antiseptic properties D) color rinses away immediatel
D) color rinses away immediatel
4. Which index is only used with groups who have primary teeth? A) OHI-S B) Pl I C) DMFT D) def
D) def
6. When molars and premolars occlude cusp to cusp as viewed mesiodistally, this is classified as: A) crossbite B) edge-to-edge bite C) overjet D) end-to-end bite
D) end-to-end bite
13. When scoring an OHI-S for an individual, a score of 0 would indicate: A) poor B) fair C) good D) excellent
D) excellent
2. In creating a plan for intervention, all of the following should be considered except: A) occupation B) cultural influences C) attitudes toward oral health D) gender
D) gender
4. Having a prominent maxilla and a mandible positioned posterior to its normal relationship would be classified as: A) mesognathic B) crossbite C) prognathic D) retrognathic
D) retrognathic
19. In assessing a patient who presents with oral malodor, you should consider all of the following except: A) tobacco use B) medications C) periodontal status D) use of fluoride
D) use of fluoride
9. Which of the following intrinsic staining may also occur as a result of an outside or exogenous source? A) Tobacco stains B) Restorative materials C) Amalgam D) Silver nitrate E) All of the above
E) All of the above
9. Your patient presents with a definitive carious lesion diagnosed by the dentist. What is the treatment plan for a definitive carious lesion? A) Take a "wait and see" approach B) Send the patient for a second opinion C) Expose a radiograph just to be sure D) Wait until symptoms develop before treatment E) Appoint for a restoration
E) Appoint for a restoration
7. Remineralizing tooth surfaces should not be scratched or altered in any way. Which of the following techniques would be the most acceptable way to detect coronal caries on a demineralized surface? A) Panorex radiograph B) Sharp explorer C) Irrigating syringe D) Curing light E) Blunt probe
E) Blunt probe
18. Which one of the following medications can be used to treat xerostomia? A) Anticholinergics B) Antihistamines C) Tricyclic antidepressants D) Diuretics E) Pilocarpine
E) Pilocarpine
8. Extrinsic stains may be caused by: A) coffee, tea, and tobacco B) food C) bacteria D) some medications E) all of the above
E) all of the above
4. Learning occurs when individuals: A) understand the concepts presented to them B) change their beliefs and attitudes about oral health C) are motivated to practice good oral health habits D) have received thorough oral hygiene instructions E) change behavior and incorporate the changes into everyday living
E) change behavior and incorporate the changes into everyday living
10. The selection criteria for a useful and effective index include: A) simple to use and calculate B) minimal equipment and expense C) does not cause patient discomfort D) should have subjective interpretation E) A and B only F) A, B, and C G) A, C, and D
F) A, B, and C
7. Which of the following are plaque indices? A) OHI-S B) PHP C) Dean's index D) Pl I E) A and B only F) A, B, and D only G) C and D only
F) A, B, and D only