Pop Culture Final

Depeche Mode

English electronic band formed in 1980; Part of the british new wave; referred to as the most popular electronic music band in the world

Napster

Founded in 1999 by Sean Parker Online site that allowed people to easily share their MP3 files with other participants A pioneering peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing Internet service that emphasized sharing audio files. The original company dissolved into legal difficulties over copyright infringement

Kool Herc

a Jamaican American DJ who is credited for originating hip hop music in the early 1970s

Speed Metal

a subgenre of heavy metal music that originated in the late 1970s from NWOBHM and hardcore punk roots. It is described by AllMusic as "extremely fast, abrasive, and technically demanding" music.

Salt N Pepa

"Let's talk about Sex" "Whatta Man" (1994) - men in video are on display; objectified

New Wave

"The Sound of the 80s"; a musical genre of pop/rock created in the late 1970s to mid-1980s with ties to 1970s punk rock. The new wave sound of the late 1970s creates music with a twitchy, agitated feel, choppy rhythm guitars and fast tempos. Initially—as with the later post-punk—new wave was broadly analogous to punk rock before branching as a distinctly identified genre, incorporating electronic/experimental music, mod, disco and pop. It subsequently engendered subgenres and fusions, including synthpop and gothic rock. The computer keyboard is the key - way to choose what you want the sound to be like; manipulation

The Second British Invasion

(1982-1986) - thanks to MTV in the new "video era"; umbrella term to describe young, mostly British, androgynous, and technologically oriented artists; Many of the Second Invasion artists started their careers in the punk era and desired to bring change to wider audience, resulting in music that, while having no specific sound, was characterized by a risk-taking spirit within the context of pop music.Rock-oriented acts that knew how to use video, such as Def Leppard, Big Country and Simple Minds, became part of the new influx of music from Britain; established British acts such as Queen, David Bowie, Paul McCartney, Phil Collins and Elton John saw their popularity increase

Sugar Hill Gang

1979 hip hop group famous for "Rapper's Delight" ! the first rap single to become a Top 40 hit on the Billboard Hot 100. it is generally considered to be the song that first popularized hip hop in the United States and around the world.

Liz Phair

1993-94 was unknown when she made her first album first tour was unsuccessful because she was still learning about performing and needed to perfect her craft After her first album, tried to make a move towards mainstream but was not accepted Apathetic quality in music, monotone; sincere apathy first solo female songwriter; edginess that's relatively new overt sentimental/sadness/sorrow -> not accepted "****ing Run", "Divorce Song" - folk, emotional intensity; break-up "Flower" - 'woah, I can't believe she said that'; dominant female, strips romance; crass/sexual to spite man; starts out with angelic, flowy tone; no more euphemism; deflowering Changes rules for what women are allowed to think, feel and desire.

Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)

A trade organization that represents the recording industry in the United States, formed in 1952 Its members consist of record labels and distributors Its original mission was to administer recording copyright fees and problems, work with trade unions, and do research relating to the record industry and government regulations. The RIAA says its current mission includes the following: 1) to protect intellectual property rights and the First Amendment rights of artists; 2) to perform research about the music industry; 3) to monitor and review relevant laws, regulations and policies.

Limp Bizkit

American metal band from formed in 1994. Their work is marked by Lead singer, Fred Durst's abrasive, angry lyrics and Borland's sonic experimentation and elaborate visual appearance, which includes face and body paint, masks and uniforms, as well as the band's elaborate live shows.

Def Jam Records

American record label, focused predominantly on hip hop and urban music The first releases with Def Jam Recordings catalog numbers were LL Cool J's "I Need a Beat" and the Beastie Boys' "Rock Hard," both in 1984.

R.E.M.

American rock band formed in 1980 One of the first popular alternative rock bands, R.E.M. gained early attention due to Buck's ringing, arpeggiated guitar style and Stipe's unclear vocals. R.E.M. released their first single, "Radio Free Europe", in 1981 on the independent record label Hib-Tone.

L7

At the Reading Festival, this female punk rock band were booed by male festival goers. In response, the lead singer takes out tampon and threw it at the audience.

Duran Duran

English new wave/synthpop band formed in Birmingham in 1978. They were a successful band of the 1980s and a leading band in the MTV-driven "Second British Invasion of the US; considered a "real band"

Spice Girls

English pop girl group formed in 1994 With the "girl power" phenomenon, the Spice Girls were popular cultural icons of the 1990s. They are cited as part of the 'second wave' 1990s British Invasion of the US

New Order

English rock band formed in 1980; used drums, guitars, synths, samples; By combining post-punk with an increasing influence from electronic dance music, New Order became one of the most critically acclaimed and influential bands of the 1980s

Sinead O'Connor

Irish singer-songwriter who rose to fame in the late 1980s strongly expressed views on organized religion, women's rights, war, and child abuse.

Queen Latifah

Latifah made her mark in hip-hop by rapping about issues of black women. Her songs covered topics including domestic violence, harassment on the streets, and relationship problems. Latifah signed with Tommy Boy Records, which released Latifah's first album All Hail the Queen in 1989, when she was nineteen

Heavy Metal

Starts with Black Sabbath (Ozzy Osbourne) - psychedelic lyrics, sludge of distortion, dark Began in Northern England - Gritty, working class Late 70s/Early 80s moves into mainstream, becomes genre Ex. - Judas Priest, Iron Maiden If it's noisy, it's not for everyone; not accessible; small demographic that listens Requires technical proficiency - to reproduce on your own takes time - similar to art rock Music that's mixed with dark imagery for album and singles covers

Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA)

a United States copyright law that implements two 1996 treaties of the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It criminalizes production and dissemination of technology, devices, or services intended to circumvent measures that control access to copyrighted works. It also criminalizes the act of circumventing an access control, whether or not there is actual infringement of copyright itself. the DMCA heightens the penalties for copyright infringement on the Internet. The DMCA's principal innovation in the field of copyright is the exemption from direct and indirect liability of Internet service providers and other intermediaries.

BitTorrent

a communications protocol for the practice of peer-to-peer file sharing that is used to distribute large amounts of data over the Internet. BitTorrent is one of the most common protocols for transferring large files

Minor Threat

a hardcore punk band, formed in 1980 The band was relatively short-lived, but had a strong influence on the hardcore punk scene, both stylistically and in establishing a DIY ethic for music distribution and concert promotion. Minor Threat's song "Straight Edge" became the eventual basis of the straight edge movement, and music was iconic

Sub Pop Records

a record label founded in 1986 by Bruce Pavitt and Jonathan Poneman in Seattle,Washington. Sub Pop achieved fame in the late 1980s for first signing Nirvana, Soundgarden,Mudhoney and many other bands from the Seattle alternative rock scene. They are often credited with taking the first steps toward popularizing grunge music,

The Pixies

an American alternative rock band formed in 1986 Despite limited commercial success, their jarring pop sound subsequently influenced the alternative rock boom of the 1990s The band's style of music contains a range of elements, including psychedelia, noise pop, hard rock, surf pop, and surf rock. Black Francis is the Pixies' primary songwriter and singer. He has written about a number of offbeat subjects in the band's songs, such as extraterrestrials, surrealism, incest, and biblical violence.

MudHoney

an American alternative rock band. Formed in 1988 Mudhoney's early releases on the Sub Pop label were massively influential on the Seattle music scene they inspired the dirty, high-distortion sound that would become grunge.

Pavement

an American indie rock band that formed in 1989. Initially conceived as a recording project, the band at first avoided press or live performances, while attracting considerable underground attention with their early releases. Gradually evolving into a more polished band, Pavement recorded five full-length albums and nine EPs over the course of their decade-long career; successful indie rock band. Rather than signing with a major label as many of their 1980s forebears had done, they remained signed to independent labels throughout their career have often been described as one of the most influential bands to emerge from the American underground in the '90s. achieved a significant cult following.

Fugazi

an American post-hardcore band that formed in 1987 Fugazi are noted for their DIY ethical stance, manner of business practice,and contempt towards the music industry Fugazi's music was an intentional departure from that of the hardcore punk bands the members had played in previously. Though clearly rooted in punk and hardcore, there is arguably more than punk to be found in Fugazi's music. Fugazi incorporated funk and reggae beats, irregular stop-start song structures, and heavy riffs inspired by popular rock bands such as Led Zeppelin and Queen, bands that the punk community of the time largely disdained

The Ramones

an American punk rock band that formed in the New York City neighborhood of Forest Hills, Queens, in 1974. They are often cited as the first band to define the punk rock sound. Despite achieving only limited commercial success, the band was a major influence on the 1970s punk movement in both the United States and United Kingdom. FU to mainstream; middle finger to art rock; defined punk rock sound

Van Halen

an American rock band formed in Pasadena, California, in 1972 The band went on to become major stars, and by the early 1980s they were one of the most successful rock acts of the time. 1984 was their most successful album.

Bon Jovi

an American rock band from Sayreville, New Jersey Thus far, Bon Jovi has released 13 studio albums, plus two compilations and two five albums. They are one of the world's best-selling bands of all time, having sold more than 130 million records worldwide and performed more than 2,700 concerts in over 50 countries for more than 34 million fans Hair Metal

Nirvana

an American rock band that was formed by singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in 1987. Changed rock culture drastically - everyone loved it! All rock fans loved it! Nirvana has come to be regarded as one of the most influential and important rock bands of the modern era. In the late 1980s Nirvana established itself as part of the Seattle grunge scene, releasing its first album Bleach for the independent record label Sub Pop in 1989. The band eventually came to develop a sound that relied on dynamic contrasts, often between quiet verses and loud, heavy choruses.

Slayer

an American thrash metal band from Huntington Park, California, formed in 1981 one of the "big four" thrash metal bands, along with Metallica, Megadeth, and Anthrax.

Iron Maiden

an English heavy metal band formed in Leyton, east London, in 1975; success in early 1980s Pioneers of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal, 1982: gets new lead singer, which changes the style slightly - less abrasive, gritty Reminiscent of Art Rock - has different bits to make it a longer song Talks about drugs but mentions history of British Royalty -> High Brow and Low Brow

The Sex Pistols

an English punk rock band formed in London in 1975. Although they lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced only four singles and one studio album, Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols, they were one of the most influential acts in the history of popular music, initiated a punk movement in the United Kingdom, and inspired many later punk and alternative rock musicians. FU to mainstream; middle finger to art rock

Def Leppard

an English rock band formed in 1977 in Sheffield as part of the New Wave of British Heavy Metal movement.

The Cure

an English rock band formed in Crawley, West Sussex, in 1976. A lot of bandmate changes. The Cure first began releasing music in the late 1970s with their debut album Three Imaginary Boys; this, along with several early singles, placed the band as part of the post-punk and new wave movements that had sprung up in the wake of the punk rock revolution in the United Kingdom. During the early 1980s, the band's increasingly dark and tormented music was a staple of the emerging gothic rock genre; post punk and new wave movements

U2

an Irish rock band from Dublin. Formed in 1976. U2's early sound was rooted in post-punk but eventually grew to incorporate influences from many genres of popular music. Throughout the group's musical pursuits, they have maintained a sound built on melodic instrumentals. Their lyrics, often embellished with spiritual imagery, focus on personal themes and sociopolitical concerns.

Riot Grrrl

an underground feminist hardcore punk movement that originally started in the early 1990s combines feminist consciousness and punk aesthetics, politics and style. described as a musical genre that came out of indie rock, with the punk scene serving as an inspiration for a musical movement in which women could express themselves in the same way men had been doing for the past several years Riot grrrl bands often address issues such as rape, domestic abuse,sexuality, racism, patriarchy, and female empowerment. Third wave feminist movement

Metallica

becomes popular through word of mouth -> no radio, no promo, no magazine covers 4 very successful albums during the 80s The band earned a growing fan base in the underground music community and won critical acclaim with its first four albums; the third album Master of Puppets (1986) was described as one of the most influential and heaviest thrash metal albums.

Peer-to-Peer

file sharing that allows users to access media files such as books, music, movies, and games using a P2P software program that searches for other connected computers on a P2P network to locate the desired content.

Run-DMC

first to be good at rapping tiny bit of instrumentation vs Aerosmith - shared rock credibility (Aerosmith were has-beens at the time)

Grand Master Flash

first to be good at rapping; tiny bit of instrumentation

Beastie Boys

half way between metal and hip hop thicker production License to Ill white boys

Public Enemy

lots of layers and sounds; 911 is a Joke - dense, elaborate production

PMRC (Parent's Music Resource Center)

made to attack obscenity in music -> parental advisory stickers; concerned that kids who listen to metal would become satan lovers (very common belief at the time)

Hair Metal

subgenre of hard rock and heavy metal. It combines elements of those genres with punk rock and pop music, adding catchy hooks and guitar riffs while borrowing from the aesthetic of 1970s glam rock. The style can be traced back to acts like Aerosmith, the Alice Cooper group, Boston, Cheap Trick, Kiss, The New York Dolls, and Van Halen. It arose in the late 1970s and early 1980s in the United States, pioneered by bands such as Mötley Crüe, Quiet Riot, Ratt and New Jersey band Bon Jovi. It was popular throughout the 1980s and the beginning of the 1990s; hyper-masculineGlam metal was also associated with flashy clothing and makeup. The genre lost mainstream interest in the late 1980s as the perceived excesses of glam metal created a backlash against the genre. A factor in its decline was the rise of grunge in the early 1990s, which had a stripped-down aesthetic and a complete rejection of the glam metal visual style.

Bikini Kill

was an 1990 American female punk rock band the pioneer of the riot grrrl movement, notorious for its radical feminist lyrics and fiery performances. Music is characteristically abrasive and hardcore-influenced. Bikini Kill was well known for shunning major labels and the mainstream rock press.