POS2041 Chapter 10

Which income group had the lowest percentage of donors?

$150,000 and up

What do the data presented in this figure suggest?

All other things being equal, Hubert Humphrey was expected to prevail in 1968 and Al Gore was expected to prevail in 2000.

Which of the following presidential incumbents was reelected when the Consumer Confidence Index was less than 100 on the eve of the election?

George W. Bush (2004)

________ occurs when state legislators concentrate the members of one party in as few districts as possible in order to ensure that their opponents will elect as few representatives as possible.

Packing

________ occurs when a citizen votes for a candidate because he or she approves of the candidate's past record.

Retrospective voting

Before the post-World War II era, dark-horse candidates were most likely to arise at a national convention when

deadlocks between major factions developed.

When states vie for influence by holding their nominating processes earlier, it is called ________.

front-loading

The practice of ________ means that district boundaries have been purposefully drawn to unfairly advantage one group or party.

gerrymandering

In contemporary politics, local election campaigns tend to be ________, while statewide elections tend to be ________.

organizationally driven and labor intensive; media driven and capital intensive

Which three types of factors influence the decisions of voters at the polls?

partisan loyalty, issues, and the characteristics of candidates

For the presidential primaries, most but not all state parties use what type of election?

proportional representation

Political scientists call voters' choices that focus on future behavior ________ voting, while those based on past performances are called ________ voting.

prospective; retrospective

Money contributed directly to a political party to be used for voter registration or party building is called ________.

soft money

Swing states like Ohio, Virginia, and Iowa were compared to which cut of meat?

tenderloin

Since 1968, the Consumer Confidence Index was lowest on the eve of the election of

1992

How many electoral votes are needed to win a presidential election?

270

n the 2012 election cycle, which age group made up the single largest group of donors as a percentage?

50-64

During the course of American history, incumbent presidents running for re-election typically win about ________ percent of the time.

70

________ glanced at his watch during a presidential debate, which undoubtedly hurt his presidential campaign.

George H. W. Bush

Which of the following statements about campaign spending in Senate elections is true? - Incumbents generally spend less money than challengers in Senate campaigns. - Incumbents and challengers generally spend the same amount of money in Senate campaigns. - Incumbents generally spend more money than challengers in Senate campaigns. - Incumbents and challengers in Senate campaigns are legally limited to spending only $2 million. - Incumbents and challengers in Senate campaigns are legally limited to spending only $5 million.

Incumbents generally spend more money than challengers in Senate campaigns.

Which of the following groups made the lowest level of political contributions as a percentage?

high school diploma or less

"King Caucus" refers to

the use of each party's congressional caucus to nominate presidential candidates during the early nineteenth century.

When did national conventions begin in American politics?

1830s

Why don't candidates visit the bigger states during a campaign?

Bigger states have strong ties to a specific political party.

A runoff election is likely to occur when

there are more than two candidates running in the election.

Which states do not distribute electoral votes on a winner-take-all basis?

Maine and Nebraska

Which of the following is true regarding the 2012 presidential election? Romney won the popular vote because consumer confidence in the economy was low on the eve of the election. Obama was reelected because consumer confidence in the economy was high on the eve of the election. Obama was reelected despite a low level of consumer confidence in the economy. Consumer confidence has not exceeded 100 on the eve of a presidential election since 1984.

Obama was reelected despite a low level of consumer confidence in the economy.

Which of the following statements is true? - Federal law since 2002 requires that all states use the same type of voting equipment. - The Supreme Court justices have mandated that all voting machines provide a paper ballot. - Voting equipment varies from county to county throughout the United States. - Since 2000, all voting equipment has been required to use a butterfly ballot. - The Supreme Court has ruled that elections using electronic voting machines are unconstitutional.

Voting equipment varies from county to county throughout the United States.

Which of the following statements is most accurate? - Economic considerations do not affect the decisions that voters make about who to vote for. - When voters are satisfied with their economic prospects, they tend to vote for the party in power. - When voters are dissatisfied with their economic prospects, they tend to vote for the party in power. - When voters are dissatisfied with their economic prospects, they tend to vote for Republican candidates. - When voters are dissatisfied with their economic performance, they tend to vote for Democratic candidates.

When voters are satisfied with their economic prospects, they tend to vote for the party in power.

Modern political campaigns do NOT depend on ________.

a large army of volunteers from the party