PP

While attending a support group, the parents of a child with hemophilia become concerned because they heard stories about how many children with hemophilia have died from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). They ask the nurse how these children got the AIDS virus. The nurse bases the response on which as the most likely route of transmission of AIDS to these children

contamination of the factor VIII replacement received during bleeding episodes

A 10-month-old child with recurrent otitis media is brought to the clinic for evaluation. To help determine the cause of the child's condition, the nurse should ask the parents:

"Do you give the baby a bottle to take to bed?" In a young child, the eustachian tube is relatively short, wide, and horizontal, promoting drainage of secretions from the nasopharynx into the middle ear. Therefore, asking if the child takes a bottle to bed is appropriate because drinking while lying down may cause fluids to pool in the pharyngeal cavity, increasing the risk of otitis media.

A parent asks, "How should I bathe my baby now that he has had surgery for his inguinal hernia?" Which instruction should the nurse give the mother?

"Give him a sponge bath daily for 1 week."

ottis externa

(swimmers ear) An infection of the outer ear, with severe painful movement of the pinna and tragus, redness and swelling of pinna and canal, scanty purulent discharge, scaling, itching, fever, and enlarged tender regional lymph nodes. Hearing may be diminished

high phenylketonuria (PKU) level.

...

SIDS most likely to occur at what age?

1 week to 1 year, peaking at 2 to 4 months

A mother expresses concern that picking up the infant whenever he cries will spoil him. What is the nurse's best response? 1. "Babies this young cry when they are hungry; try feeding him when he cries." 2. "Babies need comforting and cuddling; meeting these needs will not spoil him."

2. "Babies need comforting and cuddling; meeting these needs will not spoil him." It is a common misconception that picking up an infant whenever he or she cries will spoil the child. Infants need to be cuddled and comforted when they are upset. Comforting may be as simple as feeding or changing a wet diaper.

Which activity by the mother offers the most support to the child during the first few days after surgery to repair a cleft lip? 1. staying at the bedside and holding the child's hand 2. holding and cuddling the child

2. holding and cuddling the child

Wink Reflex

Anal sphincter responds to touch by opening and closing

A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant at a well-baby check. The parent says that the infant has been having diarrhea for the last 2 days. Which of the following is the nurse's priority action?

Collect more data from parent about the diarrhea

Moro reflex (startle reflex)

When startled, a baby will flail out his or her arms and legs, then retract them. Disappears after 3-4 months

A 1-year-old child is scheduled for surgery to correct hypospadias and chordee. The nurse explains to the parents that this is the preferred time for surgical repair based on which factor

The child is too young to have developed castration anxiety.

Moro reflex

Infant reflex where a baby will startle in response to a loud sound or sudden movement.

A 10-month-old infant with tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) experiences an cyanotic episode. To improve oxygenation during such an episode, the nurse should place the infant in which position?

Knee-to-chest The nurse should place the child in the knee-to-chest position because this position reduces venous return from the legs and increases systemic vascular resistance, maximizing pulmonary blood flow and improving oxygenation status.

When administering an IM injection to most term neonates - What gauge and needle size?

a 25G to 27G, 5/8? (1.6 cm) long needle is appropriate.

Which of the following actions is correct when the student nurse assesses the fontanels of a 6-week-old infant? Assess the fontanels how?

Palpating the fontanels gently while the infant sits on the parent's lap

After diagnosing Candida albicans, the nurse should pay close attention to

Patches the inside of the infant's mouth.

Best medication to treat scabies infected children

Permethrin (5% cream)

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited, autosomal recessive disorder, which affects the way proteins are metabolised.

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited, autosomal recessive disorder, which affects the way proteins are metabolised.

After an infant undergoes surgical repair of a cleft lip, the physician orders elbow restraints. For this infant, the postoperative care plan should include which nursing action?

Removing the restraints every 2 hours Removing one elbow restraint at a time every 2 hours for about 5 minutes allows exercise of the arms and inspection for skin irritation. To prevent the infant from touching and disrupting the suture line, the nurse should use the restraints when the infant is asleep and awake. The nurse should maintain the elbow restraints from the time the infant recovers from anesthesia until the suture line is healed.

resuming feedings in an infant who has undergone a pyloroplasty Start at ?

Starting feedings with 5 to 10 ml, slowly increasing amounts as tolerated.

Clean suture line post cleft lip?

The suture line should be cleaned gently to prevent infection, which could interfere with healing and damage the cosmetic appearance of the repair. Dried blood collecting on the suture line can widen the scar.

Ortolani

This maneuver is done to check an infant's hips for congenital dislocation

imperforate anus

a congenital defect in which the rectal opening is missing or blocked. An imperforate anus is discovered at birth when inspection of a newborn's anal region reveals no anus, a membrane filled with black meconium protrudes from the anus, or if it is impossible to insert a rubber catheter into the rectum. A "wink" reflex (touching the skin near the rectum should make the anus contract) cannot be elicited if sensory nerve endings in the rectum are not intact.

Chordee

a downward curvature of the penis, often associated with hypospadias

The parent of a 2-week-old infant brings the child to the clinic for a checkup. The parent expresses concern about the baby's breathing because the infant breathes quickly for a while and then breathes slowly. The nurse interprets this finding as an indication of what factor? Normal or abnormal?

a normal pattern in infants of this age The infant is exhibiting periodic breathing, which is normal in infants of this age. The infant typically alternates short periods of rapid, louder respirations with periods of slower, quieter respirations.

hypospadias

abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis

Billrubin

bile pigment formed in the liver from hemoglobin

Hirschsprung's disease

congenital megacolon resulting from absence of autonomic ganglia in a segment of smooth muscle that normally stimulates peristalsis

hypospadias

congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis

A nurse observes a 10-month-old infant chewing on the security alarm attached to his identification bracelet. The nurse should:

distract the infant with a more appropriate toy. DO NOT REMOVE BRACELET!

Because children with heart defects fatigue so quickly,

frequent small meals are suggested to ensure that the child receives adequate nutrition.

ottis media

inflammation of the middle ear

Approximately one-third of infants diagnosed with myelomeningocele have an

intellectual disability,

Wilms tumor

malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

Novo Surgical's Logan Bow is a commonly used tool in

maxillofacial repair. The Logan Bow is designed to stabilize the cheeks and reduce suture stress on a surgically repaired cleft lip or palate.

myelomeningocele

most severe form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through the spine

Infant ratio of the anteroposterior-to-lateral diameter as 1:1

normal

external ear infection

otitis externa

middle ear infection

otitis media

paralytic ileus

paralysis of intestinal peristalsis

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)

set of 4 congenital heart defects occurring together

pyloroplasty

surgical repair of the pylorus region of the stomach

intussusception

telescoping of a segment of the intestine Common in kids with CF. Obstruction may cause fecal emesis, current jelly stools. enema---resolution=bowel movements