Practice Ch. 5 Integumentary System
Which of the following statements describes the immediate response by the skin to an injury?
Bleeding occurs, and mast cells trigger an inflammatory response.
Why is limited exposure to UV light in sunlight beneficial?
Why is limited exposure to UV light in sunlight beneficial?
Sagging and wrinkling of the integument is due to __________
a decrease in the elastic fiber network of the dermis
When the body temperature becomes abnormally high, thermoregulatory homeostasis is maintained by __________.
an increase in sweat gland activity and an increase in blood flow to the skin
What are the primary tissues composing the hypodermis?
areolar and adipose
Where can you find an apocrine sweat gland?
armpits, nipples, and pubic region
Special smooth muscles in the dermis that, when contracted, produce "goose bumps" are called __________.
arrector pili
What is the name of the muscle that is connected to the hair follicle and produces "goose bumps" when it contracts?
arrector pili
What is the first step of integument repair following an injury? growth of epidermal cells under the scab scab formation formation of scar tissue to elevate the epithelial tissue bleeding and inflammation
bleeding and inflammation
Which type of gland produces earwax?
ceruminous gland
What are the two basic factors interacting to produce skin color?
circulatory supply and pigment concentration
Skin exposure to small amounts of ultraviolet radiation serves to __________
convert a steroid related to cholesterol into vitamin D
Sensible perspiration released by the eccrine sweat glands serves to __________.
cool the surface of the skin, reduce body temperature, and dilute harmful chemicals
What are the two layers of the cutaneous membrane (skin)?
dermis and epidermis
Differences in skin color among individuals are the result of __________.
differences in the number of melanocytes
Accessory structures of the skin include the __________.
hair follicles and the sebaceous and sweat glands
What is the subcutaneous layer that separates the integument from the deep fascia around other organs?
hypodermis
Which of the following layers is composed of adipose and areolar tissues and is the site of subcutaneous injections?
hypodermis
Which type of cell is the most abundant epithelial cell in the body and dominates the cellular composition of the epidermis?
keratinocyte
What is the name of the pale, crescent-shaped area near the root of the nail?
lunula
Question 15: Which of the following structures can you find within the dermis?
lymphatics nerve fibers blood vessels
Which of the following is a brown, yellow-brown, or black pigment produced by pigment cells in the stratum germinativum? lentigo
melanin
Which gland functions in thermoregulation?
merocrine sweat gland
Which layer of the dermis contains areolar tissue and is found immediately under the epidermis?
papillary
What are the two layers of the dermis?
papillary and reticular layers
Hair production occurs in the __________.
reticular layers of the dermis
The practical limit to the healing process of the skin is the formation of inflexible, fibrous, noncellular __________
scar tissue
Which gland produces an oily secretion that lubricates the hair and skin? ceruminous gland apocrine sweat gland merocrine sweat gland sebaceous gland
sebaceous gland
The secretion that lubricates and inhibits growth of bacteria on the skin is called __________
sebum
Epidermal cells in the stratum spinosum and stratum germinativum function as a chemical factory in that they can convert __________.
steroid precursors to vitamin D3 when exposed to sunlight
Which epidermal layer is found only in thick skin?
stratum lucidum
Because fresh water is hypotonic to body fluids, sitting in a freshwater bath causes __________.
water to enter the epidermis and cause the epithelial cells to swell