Practice ches exam
Set of communication tools for education and persuasion using paid media is which of the following? Promotion Advertising Publicity Advocacy
Advertising
The health education specialist is working with community groups to conduct legislative advocacy for change in the community. Which theory will best assist with this strategy? Community Organizing Model Transtheoretical Model Social Cognitive Theory Theory of Planned Behavior
Community Organizing Model
Services required for program implementation have been identified. A long-term program partner could provide those services at a discounted price. Which of the following is most appropriate to use for procurement? Grant agreement Formal contract Memorandum of understanding Letter of intent
Memorandum of understanding
Which of the following represents primary sources that a health education specialist could use for a community needs assessment? US census data, vital records, disease registries Observations, surveys, and interviews Published scientific studies and reports State health data from the health department
Observations, surveys, and interviews
By 2024, volunteers will distribute informational factsheets to at least 50% of the program participants. This intent is an example of which type of objective? Summative Process Outcome Impact
Process
A coalition determined there was a lack of collaboration among the numerous agencies, organizations, and individuals who provide health and emergency services in a community. The coalition decided to identify community members' issues and concerns with these services and determine level of usage of the existing agencies. The coalition aims to avoid duplication of services, while designing interventions to address concerns. Which of the following represents the best strategy to obtain data? Asset mapping Program evaluation Capacity assessment Process evaluation
Process evaluation
Which of the following is an example of secondary data collection? Letters Interviews Surveys Published literature
Published literature
To increase self-efficacy to resist peer pressure to use substances, the health education specialist's curriculum should include which one of the following? Role plays and group activities that demonstrate refusal skills Small prizes for completing all homework assignments Trained peer leaders elected to implement the classes Activities that reinforce the negative consequence of substance use
Role plays and group activities that demonstrate refusal skills
The health education specialist is conducting a research study using an online survey in which participants' names are linked to their data. Of the following, which is the best way to protect participant confidentiality? Use untenable firewalls to protect data. Store name separately from data and replace with unique identifier. Use group log-in IDs to access the data. Have only research assistants analyze the data
Store name separately from data and replace with unique identifier.
Which type of literature review typically is used to identify current gaps in the literature after comprehensively reviewing the literature on a topic? Computerized review Pooled analysis Systematic review Meta-analysis
Systematic review
look at graph 1 in notes: The percent of deaths due to pneumonia, Influenza, and COVID-19: on average met the level of epidemic in week 20 of 2019. was higher than expected for the majority of both 2018 and 2019. is highest mid-year and lowest at the end of each year. in week 10 of 2020 was roughly 3X greater than expected.
in week 10 of 2020 was roughly 3X greater than expected.
One of the first considerations when determining the potential appropriateness of an external organization for collaboration is an alignment of: organizational structure. staffing turnover. mission, vision, and values. organizational budget.
mission, vision, and values
A formal social media policy should include the use of ______ to maintain pages, post scheduled messages, and respond to follower posts. tagging moderators apps networks
moderators
A health education specialist creates a draft fact sheet about diabetes. A group of six individuals are recruited to read the fact sheet and answer a series of questions. This process is an example of: tailoring pilot testing cultural competency readability testing
pilot testing
Data analysis methods should be specified during the ______ stage. implementation planning evaluation assessment
planning
Vision statements are used to describe where a program will be in the next: 1 to 2 years 6 to 10 years 3 to 5 years 11 to 15 years
3 to 5 years
A health education specialist plans to hire a consultant to conduct an evaluation of a program. Which of the following is the first step of the process? Extra funds to cover the cost of unexpected expenditures A written agreement outlining the work needed A signed ethics agreement from the consultant or contractor An implementation plan from the consultant or contractor
A written agreement outlining the work needed
When health education specialists conduct training programs, it is important to use a variety of resources and strategies to: reach as many of the learners as possible. accommodate funders' expectations. reduce the costs associated with training. ensure that all the necessary material is covered.
reach as many of the learners as possible
Using an ecological approach, the health education specialist identifies an organizational-level local business to be a member of a preventive mental health coalition. That business was selected because hiring personnel employ military veterans, many of whom suffered from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The role that local business plays on the coalition is that of a: priority population stakeholder influencer partner
stakeholder
The health education specialist realizes that although already being connected with legislators and having collaborated with many advocacy coalitions, the specialist lacks important advocacy skills and has limited personal financial resources. The best recognized opportunity to overcome these barriers to being an advocate is to: conduct an environmental scan of affiliates. attend an advocacy webinar series. participate in national action. enroll in a graduate degree program.
attend an advocacy webinar series
To understand the three human subjects' protection guidelines of "respect for persons," "beneficence," and "justice," one would look to the: Geneva Convention Treaty. Institutional Review Board. Belmont Report. CNHEO code of ethics.
Belmont Report.
A Bullying Prevention community-wide intervention is being planned, with parents, of the priority population, targeted. The planning team is seeking specific information from local parents with children in grades K-12 to understand their opinions on approaches to strengthen school climate through parent teacher associations, volunteering opportunities, and school improvement events. The health education specialist should refer these local parents to what type of data collection method? Nominal group process Survey Literature Review Focus group
Focus group
The social media campaign to change social norms related to teen pregnancy that was developed by a health education specialist is reviewed by a group of adolescents from the priority population. Feedback from the adolescents allows the health education specialist to make changes before implementing the campaign, which refers to what type of evaluation? Impact Formative Process Summative
Formative
Which of the following is not one of the three important criteria, or the three Fs, of program planning? Funding Functionality Flexibility Fluidity
Funding
When monitoring intervention financial resources, which of the following specifically provides for fiscal accountability measurement? Internal audit Funding stability ratio Acquisition assessment Accounting process
Funding stability ratio
A health education specialist would like to use a planning tool in which the timeline for when specific tasks are to be accomplished before, during, and after a program. The health education specialist also would like to track actual accomplishment of these tasks using this same tool. Which of the following methods would be most useful? Progress report Gantt chart Activity log Logic model
Gantt chart
To increase the rate of prostate screening among men ages 50 and older is an example of what type of statement? Mission Vision Objective Goal
Goal
A health department conducted a social media campaign for its new childhood immunization clinic to drive community members to the department's website for appointment scheduling. The best data to track using the website's analytics would be which of the following? Direct traffic Organic traffic Goal behavior Interest volume
Goal behavior
Advocacy initiatives are created to influence policy and law, and they include many strategy areas. In which of these areas would holding a town hall meeting fall? Media advocacy Direct lobbying Electioneering Grassroots lobbying
Grassroots lobbying
The health education specialist is creating a new program to increase cancer screenings. The specialist is looking for evidence-based strategies to promote mammograms. Which is the best source of information for that data? Healthy People 2030 Guide to Community Preventive Services Community Toolbox Community assessment reports
Guide to Community Preventive Services
SMART objectives are statements in which the results of the program are described in measurable terms. SMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Attainable/Achievable, Realistic/Relevant, and Time-bound. Which of the following is a correctly written SMART objective? Respondents will report drinking 30% more water. By the end of the program, respondents will exercise more. By the end of the program, 20% of respondents will report eating more fruits and vegetables. Respondents will drink less alcohol by the end of the program
By the end of the program, 20% of respondents will report eating more fruits and vegetables
In the ecological model, behavior has many influences. Which level best describes the role of cultural values, norms, and a built environment? Intrapersonal Community Interpersonal Organizational
Community
What is an effective way to identify stakeholders? Use people who are known and have worked on other projects. Gather people in professional organizations who have worked in the general region. Work primarily with political organizations that work with segments of the community. Contact people in the target community to gather categories and names
Contact people in the target community to gather categories and names.
A health education specialist is assessing which valid resource to use to obtain chronic disease-related morbidity and mortality trends in a specific local community. What would be the best resource to use to access that information? County and State health-related agencies data US Bureau of Census data Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data Literature Review
County and State health-related agencies data
A new HIV testing intervention is being planned to support efforts to increase screening rates. The intervention is planned to start in six months. Which of the following is a proven method to create a timeline and plan for the intervention? Epidemiology curve Weekly program meetings Critical path method Strategic plan
Critical path method
The health education specialist wants to compare course satisfaction levels of two different groups of smoking cessation participants. Of the following, which is the best quantitative data analysis technique to use? Percentage Range Cross tabulation Weighted average
Cross tabulation
To facilitate understanding and sensitivity for various cultures, values, and traditions, which statement is true? Cultural competence includes knowledge, awareness, and sensitivity. Cultural awareness and openness to other cultures is often sufficient. Cultural sensitivity requires setting values on differences to reduce conflict. A high degree of depth of cultural knowledge is necessary to be effective
Cultural competence includes knowledge, awareness, and sensitivity
The community recreation center placed speed bumps on the roadway that borders the playgrounds. This action is an example of which type of intervention strategy? Health education change Health policy change Environmental change Communication change
Environmental change
When planning a diabetes prevention program following the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model, data on high sugar intake would fall into which assessment phase? Epidemiological assessment Intervention alignment and administrative and policy assessment Educational and ecological assessment Social assessment and situational analysis
Epidemiological assessment
To determine the validity of existing data, the health education specialist: Sends the information out to a panel of experts. Uses only peer-reviewed articles contained in databases. Looks online to verify the information on multiple sites. Examines the references for commonly cited sources in multiple publications.
Examines the references for commonly cited sources in multiple publications
A health education specialist finds that there are more people requesting a smoking cessation program than can be accommodated. This is an example of which type of need? Relative Perceived Expressed Normative
Expressed
Which of the following survey tools would be best to use if the health education specialist has unlimited funds, wants to generate a high response rate, and wishes to keep selection bias low? Mail survey Telephone survey Face-to-face interview Online survey
Face-to-face interview
A health education specialist has a limited budget and is looking for baseline data. Which of the following may be a secondary data option to consider? Federal, state, city, and county open data portals Conducting a survey with the priority population Pilot testing an interview with family members and co-workers Randomly sampling the priority population
Federal, state, city, and county open data portals
In the informational training related to an adolescent health literacy pilot program, the attendees, all of whom are classroom teachers, state that instead of having a single facilitator come into their classroom to deliver the curriculum, they prefer to deliver it themselves. They make their case to the trainer, stating they are classroom teachers and, as such, know how to deliver curriculum. Which of the following concepts does the trainer use to explain why this health education curriculum is being implemented with a single facilitator? Fidelity Evaluation Reliability Validity
Fidelity
A seminar on high blood pressure for those who already are affected with high blood pressure is being provided as a part of a worksite wellness program. Which scenario facilitates active learning of workshop participants? Review strategies to make lifestyle modifications. Distribute materials on all aspects of high blood pressure. Have attendees practice taking blood pressure on one another. Discuss medical scenarios from authoritative sources.
Have attendees practice taking blood pressure on one another
According to which theory or model do people assess the threat of an emerging disease by assessing their perceived susceptibility against the severity of the disease? Social Marketing Diffusion of Innovations Social Cognitive Theory Health Belief Model
Health Belief Model
Health education specialists are ethically obligated to ensure confidentiality and to protect the privacy of all clients. The law that protects the privacy of patient information is the: Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Health Information Accuracy Act. Health Insurance Profitability Act of Accountability. Health Information Protection Act
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
A smoking ban in casinos is which type of strategy in a state-wide smoking prevention program? Health policy Health mobilization Behavior change Health communication
Health policy
When health education specialists are asked to verify the credibility of media sources for health information, they should consider the element of Currency. To what does this term refer? How current or out-of-date the health information is for their health topic. The amount of federal funding received by the media organization. How important the health information is for their priority population. The monetary value of the media organization.
How current or out-of-date the health information is for their health topic
When developing an assessment data analysis plan, which task should be considered first? Identify questions based on purpose of assessment. Select the statistical software to use. Describe data collection instruments. Define variables to be used in analysis
Identify questions based on purpose of assessment.
To determine the immediate effects of a health education program, the health education specialist should use which type of evaluation? Outcome Impact Formative Process
Impact
in conducting a smoking cessation program, which types of health education strategies most likely will encourage participants to start thinking about quitting? Identifying triggers that might encourage smoking Setting up a support group to reduce risk of Increasing awareness of harmful effects of smoking Providing nicotine patches to ease the craving
Increasing awareness of harmful effects of smoking
When participants in a training program are told both the benefits and risks associated with the program, which one of the following typically occurs with the procedure? Informed consent Parental consent IRB submission Beneficence consent
Informed consent
Valid research designs allow valid conclusions to be drawn. Which type of validity is used to estimate the degree of cause and effect? External Primary Secondary Internal
Internal
The health education specialist can examine health determinants through a socio-ecological lens. Which socio-ecological and social determinant factor includes healthcare providers' recommendations? Interpersonal Individual Policy Community
Interpersonal
A health education specialist chose a six-step framework in which participatory planning, multiple theories, and a systems approach are used to address intervention development for adoption and sustainability. This arrangement (or plan) refers to which of the following? Behavior Centered Design Logic Model Intervention mapping PRECEED-PROCEED
Intervention mapping
Which type of objective is addressed in the following statement? "After completing the program, participants will be able to discuss three strategies to reduce the risk of falling." Process Learning Outcome Environmental
Learning
If a health education specialist wants to emphasize program implementation, the most appropriate model would be:
MATCH PATCH SMART PRECEED-PROCEED
Which of the following is not an element of an effective advocacy plan? Strategize tactics Communication-persuasion model Market the coalition Identify goals
Market the coalition
A health education specialist is interested in gaining the support of a large number of people from a metropolitan area in which the project is being implemented. Which one of the following communication channels would be best to use? Institutional Intrapersonal Mass media Interpersonal
Mass media
A health education specialist collects data in which the answers were either "yes" or "no." These data are what type? Ordinal Nominal Interval Ratio
Nominal
A health education specialist needs to determine specific alcohol, tobacco, and drug use prevention needs and immediately prioritize those needs with a few experts from the priority population. Which primary data collection technique would be the best to use in this scenario? Nominal group process Observations Delphi panel Focus group
Nominal group process
A health education specialist is asked to measure actual use of a biking trail in a local community. Which of the following methods is best for measuring the actual use of the trail over a period of a week? Surveys Nominal group process Observation Focus groups
Observation
look at graph 2: Which of the following statements can be inferred from the graph? Deaths due to fentanyl were steady from 1999 to 2018. Heroin was the drug responsible for the majority of opioid related deaths. Rates of deaths from prescribed opioids decreased when death rates of other synthetic opioids decreased. Opioid deaths were largely caused by commonly prescribed opioids until 2015.
Opioid deaths were largely caused by commonly prescribed opioids until 2015.
A social media campaign leading with Facebook for its new drive-through immunization clinic was conducted in a health department. The health education specialist used the platform's analytics to determine the number of unique people who viewed the initial clinic kick-off post. The health education specialist is evaluating which type of social media reach? Paid Organic Viral Likes
Organic
When writing objectives for a worksite wellness program, the health education specialist wishes to measure any morbidity, mortality, and health status change that occurred as a result of the interventions. Which type of objective should be written? Impact Environmental Process Outcome
Outcome
In a grant-funded project budget, what are the indirect costs? Overhead expenses such as utilities and rent Cost associated with marketing materials Budget expenses for miscellaneous items Personnel expenses such as benefits
Overhead expenses such as utilities and rent
If the health education specialist begins the program planning process by identifying desired outcomes, the most appropriate model would be: SMART MATCH PRECEDE-PROCEED PATCH
PRECEDE-PROCEED
An important indicator of capacity is "influence." What is true about influencers? One should primarily look for wealthy people to find influencers. Influencers are rarely found in community neighborhoods. Most influencers are people working in professional organizations. People connected to large networks are often important influencers
People connected to large networks are often important influencers
The health education specialist wants to test some new questions and use a different program evaluation survey delivery method. To do so, which of the following would be implemented first? Pilot test Pretest Posttest Poll
Pilot test
A health education specialist is targeting different groups of young adults for a physical activity intervention. The specialist wants to work with those who are ready to take action to get active within the next month. In what Stage of Change are these prospective participants? Preparation Precontemplation Action Contemplation
Preparation
In media advocacy, decision-makers, as an audience for the communications strategy, are what level of priority? Primary Emergency Secondary Tertiary
Primary
When a media advocacy campaign is used to educate about proposed policy changes, decision-makers with the power to affect change are which type of audience? Primary Tertiary Secondary Quaternary
Primary
During a health education program, questions about whether the participants like the instructional materials and if instructors find them easy to use are examples of which type of evaluation? Summative Process Impact Outcome
Process
In advocacy evaluation, measuring campaign and message reach as well as activities and tactics used is considered which type of evaluation? Process Outcome Impact Summative
Process
What method of data collection is most suited to programs that are well defined and have had numerical outcomes compared with those of other groups or the general population? Quantitative Qualitative Interpretive Inductive
Quantitative
If a health education specialist were creating an intervention that included written education materials, which of the following should be checked to best facilitate learning? Literacy level of all in the priority population Health records of those exposed to the intervention Cost of a two-color brochure Reading level of the written materials
Reading level of the written materials
A health education specialist wants to ensure a fact sheet on colon cancer prevention is suitable for the chosen priority population. Which of the following assessments should be used? FRY FOG SMOG SAM
SAM
A health education specialist is developing a new Web site as part of an intervention for people with visual disabilities. Which law should the health education specialist review and consider when developing the Web site? Plain Language Act Paperwork Reduction Act Anti-lobbying provisions Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act
Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act
A health education specialist is working on a new community planning initiative. The specialist wants to address community support and social network factors. Which determinant of health, therefore, will be addressed? Social and community context Health and health care Economic stability Education
Social and community context
Health is impacted by a variety of different factors, but there are five major factors that contribute to the determinants of health for a population. Discrimination and income fall under which of the five major factors? Physical environment Social environment or characteristics Health services Health behaviors
Social environment or characteristics
Which of the following is typically measured in a process evaluation? Health status and quality of life indices Fidelity, completeness, and exposure Needs, gaps, and program goals Environmental changes and skills
Fidelity, completeness, and exposure
A computer application allows a patient to assess current cardiovascular fitness levels. Through the app, texts are sent to the patient's cellphone so that interaction throughout the day is provided for encouragement as well as to send information about the number of walking steps needed to achieve a pre-determined level. This provision of personalized support is referred to as what type of messaging? Marketing Motivational Tailored Targeted
Tailored
A health education specialist is collaborating with community stakeholders to create a health communication campaign in which mammography screenings are promoted broadly among African American women in the southeast United States. Which messaging technique would be most appropriate? Narratives Targeting Tailoring Audience Segmentation
Targeting
An action-oriented, time-limited alliance for health issue advocacy is which of the following? Influential Coalition Collaborative Task force
Task force
The main drawback of pilot testing interventions is that: The results may not be entirely generalizable. It is often too expensive to conduct. Too many of the priority population are involved, leaving few to participate in the actual intervention. The results seldom lead to changes in materials and/or strategies for the actual intervention
The results may not be entirely generalizable.
In a health communication campaign for a walking program, it was emphasized that exercise can make a person feel better, other people are starting to participate in group fitness walks, and it is easy to reserve time in busy schedules for a short walk. The most likely behavior change theory on which the campaign was based is which of the following? Health belief Social cognitive Transtheoretical Theory of planned behavior
Theory of planned behavior
look at graph 4: Which of the following statements about the data available on the graph is true? A particularly contagious strain of a respiratory disease hit the population around week 10 of 2020. Respiratory diseases are endemic in the population as illustrated by the epidemic threshold. There was an epidemic outbreak of respiratory diseases in late 2018 and early 2020. The increase in week 10 of 2020 was largely due to COVID-19.
There was an epidemic outbreak of respiratory diseases in late 2018 and early 2020.
When conducting a program staff training following the ARCS Motivation Model, the health education specialist wishes to improve trainee perception of relevance. Which of the following applications of the model would be best to use? Tie instruction to past experience. Build positive learning expectations. Maintain attention. Encourage new skills.
Tie instruction to past experience
The health education specialist developed a new train-the-trainer program for a statewide positive mental health promotion initiative. Which tool would best communicate training program plans and parameters? Training manual Fidelity framework Logistic assessment Learning principle
Training manual
Which of the following should be used to standardize intervention delivery by program staff? Training protocol Learning motivation Evaluation plan Motivation model
Training protocol
In a health communication campaign, stoplight (red, yellow, green) characters are used to encourage adult immunizations. The most likely behavior change theory on which the campaign was based is which of the following? Information-persuasion matrix Health belief model Communication-persuasion model Transtheoretical model
Transtheoretical model
To gain organizational acceptance for strategic plans, health education specialists should: consider organizational culture, and develop and implement strategies to change that culture if needed. work with colleagues to develop external strategic plans that do not require emphasizing organizational culture. pay less attention to organizational culture than to effective planning. work within the organizational culture that is determined by upper management
consider organizational culture, and develop and implement strategies to change that culture if needed
The intervention program is doing so well that it needs to be expanded; however, the sponsoring agency has limited funding for expansion. The health education specialist found another agency willing to provide the sponsor with a larger venue in exchange for access to the sponsor's educational library. This method of financing the program is called: organizational sponsorship. cooperative agreements. cost-sharing. third-party support
cooperative agreements
Which would be the best technique to determine whether patients have the skills necessary to prepare a healthy, low-calorie, low-fat meal? Have the patients: take a valid test that covers the material. critique several meals created by other patients. create a meal through a simulation activity. describe the steps they would follow to create the meal.
create a meal through a simulation activity
A health education specialist is planning to conduct a literature review specific to the resiliency of small rural communities affected by a natural disaster to cope and rebuild. Two important search strategies should include ________ and ________ for searches. qualitative studies; quantitative studies identification of key words; selected source/database(s) listing of bibliographies; description of priority population meta-analysis; systematic reviews
identification of key words; selected source/database(s)
Behavioral and learning objectives also may be referred to as: outcome objectives impact objectives formative objectives process objectives
impact objectives
Communication between a prospective human subject and an investigator from beginning of a research study to the end refers to the: subject compensation. informed consent. protocol review. Belmont Report
informed consent
The health education specialist is reviewing the evidence-informed findings of the Guide to Community Preventive Services. The health education specialist is most likely assessing resources related to: clinical preventive services policy development coalition development intervention approaches
intervention approaches
In developing a solid work plan to be specifically aligned to a logic model, which of the following should be included in the selected planning model? Alternative strategies Training fidelity Project budgeting Intervention mapping
intervention mapping
When designing audience-centered, culturally appropriate health education materials, it is essential to: keep the production costs low. involve the target audience in developing materials. outsource the publishing to another agency. determine education level of the target audience.
involve the target audience in developing materials
What is an important characteristic that defines "plain language?" Language: is used in federal agencies, so it is important to health education specialists. follows accepted rules of grammar and composition. is presented in a way that the audience can understand it quickly. is presented simply with a low reading level
is presented in a way that the audience can understand it quickly.
An advantage of adopting an instrument for data collection is that: substantial changes can be made. permission for use is never necessary. its reliability and validity can be used. it's similar to developing a new instrument
its reliability and validity can be used.
The health education specialist is reading a meta-analysis of balance interventions involving frail elderly. Although this analysis can assist in guiding their senior exercise programming decisions, the health education specialist also must be aware of its limitations, including: nonspurious relationships. time-bound results. lack of uniformity of methodology. unique sample population.
lack of uniformity of methodology
According to the Diffusion of Innovations theory, some groups in the population are resistant to change. These groups of people are referred to as the: laggards majority innovators adopters
laggards
In the strategic planning process after an organization defines or refines its mission statement, the next step is to: write the initial report. list internal and external strengths and opportunities. list mandates and resources. identify key stakeholders.
list internal and external strengths and opportunities.
The health education specialist asks an elected official to vote to increase funding for teen pregnancy prevention in the state. The specialist is engaged in: advocacy lobbying education public policy
lobbying
During program monitoring, the health education specialist determines that an educational curriculum needs modification. With modification, however, primary attention needs to be on: continuing program outputs. adapting program objectives. sustaining program budget. maintaining program fidelity
maintaining program fidelity
To provide patient-centered healthcare with excellence in quality, service, and access is an example of a/an: goal vision statement mission statement objective
mission statement
When researchers and evaluators use a combination of different methods and strategies to examine evaluation or research questions from multiple different perspectives and vantage points it is called: professional diligence. mixed methods methodology. multi-variate analysis. comprehensive assessment
mixed methods methodology
Which of the following is not one of Frieden's Six Components for Effective Public Health Program Implementation? Use: multiple, high-priority interventions. partnerships and coalitions. innovation for evidence base development. effective program management
multiple, high-priority interventions
Forgetting to inform participants about the risks associated with physical activity before having the participants begin a program is an example of: commission deregulation ethical compliance negligence
negligence
The health education specialist can influence policymaking at the implementation stage by: recommending changes based on operational experience. offering comment on draft rules. evaluating policy solutions. defining the problem.
offering comment on draft rules.
The following are benefits of involvement with coalitions, collaborative partnerships, communities of practice, and other networks EXCEPT: persuading collaborators to view social issues from the organizer's perspective. building capacity among members and organizations to address community issues. enhancing learning by bringing together stakeholders with varied experiences. creating common ground and identity among interdisciplinary and multi-sector partners
persuading collaborators to view social issues from the organizer's perspective.
A community agency personnel are targeting a variety of social ecological levels to help reduce drug use in the community. Some of the levels will take substantially more time to target. Rather than wait for all aspects of the intervention to be ready, the health education specialist looks to begin with one level and then will add in other levels over time. This process is an example of: pilot testing total implementation primary strategies phasing in
phasing in
To determine whether a proposed intervention will work as designed, the health education specialist could conduct a(n): impact evaluation market analysis participant interview pilot test
pilot test
Type of brief provided to a decision-maker when attempting to convince that person to take a specific action on an issue covers not only policy options but also policy recommendations. This type of brief is referred to as a/an: issue information policy policy impact
policy
The health education specialist is three-quarters of the way through an agency's annual funding. It is realized there will not be sufficient funding to last through the rest of the year. This realization is an issue of program: evaluation sustainability longevity planning
sustainability
A health education specialist sends cancer prevention materials to women 40 and older about breast cancer screening. This process is an example of: tailoring a message targeting a message assessing a priority population weekly program meetings
targeting a message
A health education specialist works as a patient educator at a healthcare institution. Part of the job is to work with patients who have recently suffered a heart attack. This type of prevention is an example of: secondary intermediate tertiary primary
tertiary
Which of the following is true about conducting an outcome evaluation of a communication campaign? Health education specialists are assessing: if the intended audience(s) are being reached with the communication outreach. if certain materials are more effective than others. if expenditures are within budget. the degree to which the communication objectives are achieved
the degree to which the communication objectives are achieved
Logic models are used to: outline evaluation stages for the program. identify the timing of when all of the planning should occur. outline the lesson plan scope and sequence. track if activities are producing outputs which lead to outcomes.
track if activities are producing outputs which lead to outcomes.
When allocating resources, good managers: pay most attention to ensuring the efficient use of resources rather than effective use. focus primarily on handling accounting to make sure resources are not overspent. use the organization's needs to drive use of current resources and projections for future resources. delegate resource management planning to staff who they manage
use the organization's needs to drive use of current resources and projections for future resources
An instrument that is used to measure what it purports to measure is said to be ______, while an instrument that repeatedly produces the same results is said to be ______. reliable, valid. dependable, relevant. valid, reliable. relevant, dependable
valid, reliable
Which of the following is an example of a correctly written learning objective? "Seventy-five percent of individuals participating in the program will increase their knowledge of the harmful effects of sun exposure over the following three months." "Individuals participating in the health education program will be able to identify three ways to protect their skin from the sun by the end of the program." "Program health education specialists will identify 10 new participants for each program period." "Individuals in the program will increase sun exposure prevention activities by 25% by the sixth week of the program."
"Individuals participating in the health education program will be able to identify three ways to protect their skin from the sun by the end of the program."
A health education specialist needs to find adaptive leadership training to learn how to more effectively communicate with diverse populations in the community in which the specialist serves. Which of the following training titles and modalities would be most appropriate to meet this complex professional development goal? "How to write more clearly: A primer for health literacy" (3 hour online self-paced module) "Listening with cultural humility before communicating your messages" (hybrid: two 2-hour in-person workshops plus 2 coaching calls) "Risk communication for public health emergencies" (90 min webinar) "Inter-generational dynamics: Speaking the lingo of different age groups for sex education" (2 hour in-person workshop)
"Listening with cultural humility before communicating your messages" (hybrid: two 2-hour in-person workshops plus 2 coaching calls
What percentage of the total program budget should be set aside for evaluation? 10% 15% 50% 5%
15%
A health education specialist in a hospital plans to post information throughout the facility to increase awareness of the potential dangers, spread, and prevention of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Which format would best accomplish this effort? A brochure containing detailed information An infographic with data and short messages Data printed from the CDC's website regarding coronavirus Graphics showing proper hand washing
An infographic with data and short messages
A health education specialist who is designing a media advocacy initiative should incorporate which of the following as media strategies? An internet blog, radio interviews, social networking group site, PSA PSA, TV interviews, cooking classes, behavior change intervention Press release, exercise program, interviews, PSA PSA, letter to the editor, behavior change intervention, TV interviews
An internet blog, radio interviews, social networking group site, PSA
When starting to build relationships with multiple sectors outside of public health (e.g., housing, transportation, primary care, schools), what would be the most effective first step? Share data and evidence about priority public health topics. Address gaps in communication, values, and understanding between sectors Communicate the needs of public health to partner with decision makers in other sectors. Ask partners about their priorities and needs
Ask partners about their priorities and needs
The tool used to identify advocacy campaign resources and gaps is which of the following? Legislative tracker Network assessment Alliance mapping Asset inventory
Asset inventory
A health education specialist is working with a local community organization to segment the population for implementing a new health communication campaign to address rising rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the community. What characteristics will the project lead focus on to effectively segment the population? Location of health care resources (e.g., fiscal, human, and technical) Program components needed to effectively implement the campaign Duration/timeframe for implementing communication activities Behavioral, demographic, and cultural characteristics of the population
Behavioral, demographic, and cultural characteristics of the population
Researching information about a legislator's voting record before an initial meeting is important. Many places to gather research exist. Which would be the most helpful in understanding the voting record of a member of the United States Congress? SOPHE Action Center Capwiz BALLOTPEDIA APHA Legislative Action
BALLOTPEDIA
"Among program participants, smoking rates will decrease by 35% in 12 months" is an example of which type of objective? Learning Administrative Environmental Behavioral
Behavioral
Consumption, medication compliance, and self-care are considered which type of factors related to health Beliefs Genetics Environment Behavioral
Behavioral
The health education specialist is searching for information about a health issue for an advocacy effort. The specialist is specifically looking for the facts, epidemiology, and health consequences of the issue. The most appropriate sites to search would be: JSTOR/ERIC. ACS/AHA. CDC/NIH. NLM/Community Guide
CDC/NIH.
The organization that accredits schools of public health, graduate programs in public/community health, and undergraduate programs is: CAEP CEPH SOPHE NCHEC
CEPH
Which social determinant should the health education specialist consider when analyzing knowledge acquisition among youth participating in a risk reduction intervention? Relationships Circumstances Connections Environments
Circumstances
Following the PRECEDE-PROCEED Model, assessing if community members have adequate access to oral health care services is which type of factor in the educational and ecological assessment? Motivating Enabling Reinforcing Predisposing
Enabling
The health education specialist is planning a training workshop for research data collectors. Of the following, which training piece is most important to decrease time and effort spent to clean or correct data after collection? Data collection pilot test One training format used Workshop held well in advance of data collection Data entry training at the same time
Data collection pilot test
look at graph 3 Which of the following statements regarding overdose death rates involving opioids is true? Death rates from any opioid have increased 5 times from 1999 to 2018. Death rates from other synthetic opioids were roughly triple that of death rates from heroin and commonly prescribed opioids in 2016. Death rates from commonly prescribed opioids were roughly 5 per 100,000 in the population in 2018. Opioid overdose deaths decreased from 2013 to 2018.
Death rates from any opioid have increased 5 times from 1999 to 2018.
Which of the following is an example of a method used during a social assessment? Process evaluation Delphi technique Outcome evaluation Construct validation
Delphi technique
Which of the following is not an adult learning principle? Use a prescribed set of methods, perspectives, and content to standardize instruction and avoid confusion. Conduct assessments to identify ways to engage adults and learn about their goals or objectives for the training. Actively involve adults in helping to set the curriculum, choosing training methods, or identifying training goals. Ask about adults' past experience and knowledge, and use their experiences or knowledge to avoid providing redundant content during trainings
Use a prescribed set of methods, perspectives, and content to standardize instruction and avoid confusion.
Health education specialists are encouraged to employ health literacy universal precautions when interacting with patients and delivering health education materials to communities. According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), which of the following is not considered a health literacy universal precaution? Highlight, bold, or create textboxes to display important main points. Use numeric rates and statistics to enhance the credibility of your message. Use short sentences consisting of no more than 25 words. Supplement text with relevant multimedia, including images and videos
Use numeric rates and statistics to enhance the credibility of your message.
A health education specialist is conducting research. Which of the following is not focused on ethical principles for conducting data collection? Respect for persons Justice Validity Beneficence
Validity
Findings from an assessment revealed that the priority population's access to available community health care services is lower than another community with comparable demographics. They have identified a/an: perceived need actual need expressed need elative need
actual need
A health education specialist can design health promotion programs to facilitate the learning process of all participants by: replicating programs that have been effective in dominant cultures. being aware of cultural biases in developing educational programs. adapting programs to different cultural beliefs and practices. developing universal messages to reach diverse populations.
adapting programs to different cultural beliefs and practices.
A health education specialist is considering using multiple models (e.g., assessment, behavioral change, and planning) during planning of the needs assessment process. Which of the following is the most likely reason for using this strategy? It will: provide the components to create a logic model and to identify gaps. provide insight for developing strategies to engage the community in the assessment process. assist in identifying types of data needed for the assessment and the factors that may impact development of the intervention. assist in creating a systematic approach for conducting a needs assessment and developing an intervention.
assist in identifying types of data needed for the assessment and the factors that may impact development of the intervention.
Intervention sustainability should be planned: immediately following impact evaluation. immediately after the first process evaluation. mid-intervention. at the start of the intervention
at the start of the intervention
When applying traditional marketing principles to health education interventions, the "product" is usually the: location tangible good monetary cost behavior change
behavior change
In evaluating a legislative advocacy campaign, process indicators include: policy awareness campaign reach policy adoption public attitude change
campaign reach
The route through which a message is disseminated to the priority population is referred to as the communication: intervention channel means strategy
channel
The health problems of a priority population are best identified through: community assessment. coalition building. a contingency plan. a program evaluation
community assessment
The coalition is having a difficult time persuading a decision-maker to support an issue. The decision-maker, however, can be swayed by level of public support for the issue. The most important data collection method to use next, therefore, would be: communications capacity analysis. community leader surveys. political capital charting. voting record examination.
community leader surveys
When engaging priority populations in program planning, participants are defined as: researchers who will be evaluating the success of the program. individuals who will be funding the program. community members who will receive the program intervention. print and broadcast media who will be publicizing the program.
community members who will receive the program intervention
Conducting a capacity assessment is focused on identifying: community weaknesses community needs community resources health problems
community resources
A health education specialist plans to conduct a food access and food desert assessment to determine how many grocery stores exist in the low-income areas of the community compared to other income level areas. When planning for the collection of secondary data, all of the following tasks should be included except to: create or adapt an existing instrument to collect observational data. describe how data would be systematically collected. obtain resources and partners to access or collect data. identify existing data at the city, county, state and/or federal level.
create or adapt an existing instrument to collect observational data.
Due to financial constraints, a research team is only recruiting participants from three hospitals in the local metropolitan area. In doing so, the researchers have established: eliminations. limitations. delimitations. assumptions
delimitations
The best objective for a training workshop to build the skills of smoking cessation facilitators would be "Upon completion of the training program, the participants will be able to": list with 100% accuracy the steps of the deep breathing technique taught in the workshop. explain 8 of the 9 steps of the deep breathing technique taught in the workshop. summarize most of the steps of the deep breathing technique taught in the workshop. demonstrate with 100% accuracy the deep breathing technique taught in the workshop.
demonstrate with 100% accuracy the deep breathing technique taught in the workshop.
In a priority population, the infant mortality rate and overall death rate for mothers with less than a high school education is almost twice as high as mothers with 13 or more years of education. These rates are examples of health: disparities capacity determinants equity
disparities
As people learn, which of the following yields the highest level of retention? What is: seen read done and said heard
done and said