Practice Questions

A 24-year old client reports taking acetaminophen (Tylenol) fairly regularly for headaches. The nurse knows that a client who consumes excess acetaminophen per day or regularly consumes alcoholic beverages should be observed for what adverse effect? 1. Hepatic toxicity 2. Renal damage 3. Thrombotic effects 4. Pulmonary damage

1. Hepatic toxicity

The nurse would question an order for peginterferon alta-3a (Pegasys) if the patient had which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply.) 1. Pregnancy 2. Renal disease 3. Hepatitis 4. Liver disease 5. Malignant melanoma

1. Pregnancy 2. Renal disease 4. Liver disease

The nurse is evaluating drug effects in a client who has been given interferon alfa-2b (Intron-A) for hepatitis B and C. Which of the following is a common adverse effect? 1. Depression and thoughts of suicide 2. Flulike symptoms of fever, chills, or fatigue 3. Edema, hypotension, and tachycardia 4. Hypertension, renal or hepatic insufficiency

2. Flulike symptoms of fever, chills, or fatigue

A patient with a history of hypertension is to start a drug therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following drugs would be contraindicated, or used cautiously, for this patient? 1. Aspirin 2. Ibuprofen 3. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) 4. Naproxen (Aleve) 5. Methylprednisolone (Medrol)

2. Ibuprofen 4. Naproxen (Aleve) 5. Methylprednisolone (Medrol)

The client has been taking aspirin for several days for headache. During the assessment, the nurse discovers that the client is experiencing ringing in the ears and dizziness. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse? 1. Question the client about history of sinus infections. 2. Determine whether the client has mixed the aspirin with other medications. 3. Tell the client not to take any more aspirin. 4. Tell the client to take the aspirin with food or milk.

3. Tell the client not to take any more aspirin.

A nurse is preparing to administer a hep B vaccine to a client. Which of the following would cause the nurse to withhold the vaccination and check with the healthcare provider? 1. The client smokes cigarettes, one pack per day 2. The client is frightened by needles and injections 3. The client is allergic to yeast and yeast products 4. The client has hypertension

3. The client is allergic to yeast and yeast products

Which of the following statements by a client who is taking cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune) would indicate the need for more teaching by the nurse? 1. "I will report any reduction in urine output to my health care provider." 2. "I will wash my hands frequently." 3. "I will take my blood pressure at home every day." 4. "I will take my cyclosporine at breakfast with a glass of grapefruit juice."

4. "I will take my cyclosporine at breakfast with a glass of grapefruit juice."

A 55-year-old female patient is receiving cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune) after a heart transplant. The patient exhibits white blood cell count of 12,000 cells/mm3, a sore throat, fatigue, and a low-grade fever. The nurses suspects which of the following conditions? 1. Transplant rejection 2. Heart failure 3. Dehydration 4. Infection

4. Infection

The nurse is counseling a mother regarding antipyretic choices for her 8-year-old daughter. When asked why aspirin is not a good drug to use, what should the nurse tell the mother? 1. It is not as good an antipyretic as is acetaminophen 2. It may increase fever in children under age 10. 3. It may produce nausea and vomiting. 4. It increases the risk of Reye's syndrome in children under 18 with viral infections

4. It increases the risk of Reye's syndrome in children under 18 with viral infections

While educating the client about hydrocortisone (Cortef), the nurse would instruct the client to contract the health care provider immediately if which of the following occurs? 1. There is a decrease of two lb in weight. 2. There is an increase in appetite. 3. There is tearing of the eyes. 4. There is any difficulty breathing.

4. There is any difficulty breathing.

The nurse is admitting a client with rheumatoid arthritis. The client has been in asking prednisone (Aristospan) for an extended time. During the assessment, the nurse observes that the client has a very round moon-shaped face, bruising, and an abnormal contour of the shoulder. What does the nurse conclude based on these findings? 1. These are normal reactions with the illness. 2. These are probably birth defects. 3. These are symptoms of myasthenia gravis. 4. These are symptoms of adverse drug effects from the prednisone.

4. These are symptoms of adverse drug effects from the prednisone.

A 5-year old child is due for prekindergarten immunizations. After interviewing her mother, which of the following responses may indicate a possible contraindication for giving this preschooler a live vaccine (e.g. MMR) at this visit and would require further exploration by the nurse? 1. Her cousin has the flu 2. The mother has just finished her series of hep b vaccines 3. Her arm became very sore after her last tetanus shot 4. They are caring for her grandmother who has just finished her second chemo treatment for breast cancer

4. They are caring for her grandmother who has just finished her second chemo treatment for breast cancer

Clients characterized as slow acetylators may experience what effects related to drug therapy? A) They are more prone to drug toxicity. B) They require more time to absorb enteral medications. C) They must be given liquid medications only. D) They should be advised to decrease protein intake.

A) They are more prone to drug toxicity.

Which statement by the patient would inform the nurse that more teaching is necessary prior to discharge? A. "It doesn't matter if the medication works as long as the doctor prescribed it." B. "This medication is fully covered by my health insurance." C. "I have been taking my medications by myself all my life." D. "I don't mind making changes to my lifestyle while I am on this drug."

A. "It doesn't matter if the medication works as long as the doctor prescribed it."

The nurse is monitoring the patient for which of the common adverse effects associated with bethanechol (Urecholine)? Select 4 that apply. A. Abdominal discomfort B. Sweating C. Flushed skin D. Constipation E. Blurred vision

A. Abdominal discomfort B. Sweating C. Flushed skin E. Blurred vision

The nurse knows that patients characterized as slow acetylators: A. Are more prone to drug toxicity B. Require more time to absorb enteral medications C. Must be given liquid medications only D. Should be advised to decrease protein intake

A. Are more prone to drug toxicity

The nurse is discussing the adverse effects associated with a muscarinic agonist. The nurse knows that reflex tachycardia may occur with this drug because: A. Baroreceptors acknowledge transient hypotension and signal the medulla to increase the heart rate B. This drug stimulates the sinoatrial node in the right atrium C. Aortic receptors identify episodes of systolic hypertension and stimulates heart rhythms D. This drug stimulates bronchial smooth muscle contraction and narrowing of the airway

A. Baroreceptors acknowledge transient hypotension and signal the medulla to increase the heart rate

The nurse is teaching the patient about the use of an adrenergic agonist nasal spray at home. What patient teaching is needed related to this medications? Select all that apply. A. Do not share the nasal spray with another person B. Only use this drug for 3 to 5 days unless directed by a health care provider. C. Symptoms of excessive use of this drug will result in lethargy and fatigue D. Infants and children should not use this medication unless directed by a health care provider E. This drug can be used safely by individuals with diabetes

A. Do not share the nasal spray with another person B. Only use this drug for 3 to 5 days unless directed by a health care provider. D. Infants and children should not use this medication unless directed by a health care provider

Older adults experience adverse effects more frequently than young adults due to which of the following? Select all that apply. A. Excessive prescribing B. Multiple-drug therapy C. Increased drug sensitivity D. Increased body mass E. Lack of consistent exercise

A. Excessive prescribing B. Multiple-drug therapy C. Increased drug sensitivity

Which of the following is considered a gender factor that may influence effective pharmacotherapy? Select all that apply. A. Fat-to-muscle ratio B. Cerebral blood flow C. Limited drug research on females D. Health beliefs E. Dietary considerations

A. Fat-to-muscle ratio B. Cerebral blood flow C. Limited drug research on females D. Health beliefs

The provider order neostigmine (Prostigmin) for a patient who has no urinated in the past 16 hours. The nurse collaborates with the prescriber about which data related to this drug therapy? A. Heart rate less the 60 BPM B. Change in pupillary size from 3 mm to 1 mm C. Increased salivation D. Respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute

A. Heart rate less the 60 BPM

A beta-adrenergic agonist is prescribed for each of the following conditions. A nurse would question the order for which patient? Select all that apply. A. Hyperthyroidism B. Asthma C. Shock D. Dysrhythmias E. HF

A. Hyperthyroidism D. Dysrhythmias

Muscarinic agents, such as benztropine (Cogentin) are most often contraindicated in glaucoma because these drugs can A. Increase intraocular pressure B. Promote ocular infections C. Cause miosis which leads to blindness D. Detach the retina

A. Increase intraocular pressure

A patient takes a dose of albuterol (Ventolin) prior to bedtime. Which effect would the nurse consider normal for this drug? A. Insomnia B. Sleepiness C. Urticaria D. Tinnitus

A. Insomnia

A client who uses over-the-counter phenyephrine (Neo-Synephrine) nasal spray asks the nurse how the medication works. The nurse's response would be: A. It helps to shrink the swelling in your nose by tightening the blood vessels there B. It works to locally destroy invading organisms that cause colds and flu C. It coats the nasal passages to reduce swelling D. It is absorbed after you swallow it to act as a decongestant

A. It helps to shrink the swelling in your nose by tightening the blood vessels there

The nurse administering succinylcholine knows that this drug causes: A. Muscle paralysis; it does not produce anesthesia or loss of consciousness B. Loss of consciousness, along with muscle paralysis and anesthesia C. Deep muscle relaxation and relief from pain D. Increased mental alertness with muscle paralysis

A. Muscle paralysis; it does not produce anesthesia or loss of consciousness

A pregnant client asks the nurse what factors determine if a drug will transfer across the placenta. The nurse's response will be based on which of the following principles? A.) Highly-lipid soluble drugs cross the placental membrane more easily than low lipids B.) The lower the lipid content, the easier it crosses the placental membrane C.) Drugs with large molecular weight pass rapidly through the placental membrane D.) Highly protein bound drugs pass rapidly through the placental membrane

A.) Highly-lipid soluble drugs cross the placental membrane more easily than low lipids

The experienced pediatric nurse is teaching a new nursing student about injections in the pediatric population. Which statement by the student would indicate that teaching was effective? A.) IM injections in infants are absorbed slowly B.) Children experience rapid absorption of IM medications C.) IM injections are encouraged due to their predictable absorptive rate D.) Strong muscle contractions result in delayed absorption of IM medications

A.) IM injections in infants are absorbed slowly

Following the administration of phenyleprine (Neo-Synephrine), the nurse would assess for which of the following adverse drug effects? A.) Insomnia, nerveousness, and hypertension B.) Nausea, vomitting, hypotension C.) Dry mouth, drowsiness, and dyspnea D.) Increased bronchial secretions, hypotension, and bradycardia

A.) Insomnia, nerveousness, and hypertension

A patient is started on atenolol (Tenormin). Which is the most important action to be included in the plan of care for this patient related to this medication? A.) Monitor apical pulse and blood pressure B.) Elevate the head of the bed during meals C.) Take the medication after meals D.) Consume foods high in potassium

A.) Monitor apical pulse and blood pressure

A patient who is taking an adrenergic-blocker for hypertension reports being dizzy when first getting out of bed in the morning. The nurse should advise the patient to: A.) Move slowly from the recumbent to the upright position B.) Drink a full glass of water before rising to increases vascular circulatory volume C.) Stop taking the mediation

A.) Move slowly from the recumbent to the upright position

The health care provider knows that the pediatric client and parents will most likely adhere to the medication regimen if the: A.) Regimen is simple and inexpensive B.) Medications are costly but well known C.) Medications are prescribed for a long period D.) Medications are taken at different times each day

A.) Regimen is simple and inexpensive

The nurse is preparing to administer medication to the pediatric client. Which factor(s) is/are true regrading the pharmacokinetics in the pediatric population? Select all that apply. A.) Slower gastric motility in young children will keep the drug in the stomach longer B.) Before 6 months of age, there is greater plasma protein binding of drugs and drug distribution will be lower in this age group C.) Before age 5, the liver may not metabolize drugs as readily as an adult's liver and doses must be adjusted accordingly D.) Drug excretion by the kidneys will not equal an adult's until the child is at least 2 years of age E.) Drugs with central nervous system effects will have little to no effect in infants and very young children

A.) Slower gastric motility in young children will keep the drug in the stomach longer C.) Before age 5, the liver may not metabolize drugs as readily as an adult's liver and doses must be adjusted accordingly

The nurse is preparing to give an intramuscular injection to a 7-month-old infant. Which is the preferred site? A.) Vastus lateralis B.) Deltoid C.) Dorsogluteal D.) Ventrogluteal

A.) Vastus lateralis

To avoid the first-dose phenomenon, the nurse knows that the initial dose of prazosin (Minipress) should be: A.) Very low and given at bedtime B.) Doubled and given before breakfast C.) The usual dose and given before breakfast D.) The usual dose and given immediately after breakfast

A.) Very low and given at bedtime

The nurse is aware that the therapeutic uses for cholinergic antagonists include. Select all that apply. A.. Ophthalmic Procedures B. Cardiac rhythm abnormalities C. Asthma D. Poisonings E. Urinary Retention

A.. Ophthalmic Procedures B. Cardiac rhythm abnormalities C. Asthma D. Poisonings

The nurse should question the order of acetaminophen (Tylenol) for which patient? A.A patient with cirrhosis of the liver B.A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease C.A patient with breast cancer D.A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin)

A.A patient with cirrhosis of the liver

An anti-inflammatory agent is ordered to be given intravenously to the patient for pain. Which anti-inflammatory agent is administered parenterally? A.Ketorolac (Toradol, Acular) B.Ketoprofen C.Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) D.Celecoxib (Celebrex)

A.Ketorolac (Toradol, Acular)

A patient takes aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) daily for pain in the right knee. Which toxic effects may be present with aspirin overdosage? Select all that apply. A.Tinnitus B.Hyperventilation C.Gastrointestinal bleeding D.Decreased urinary output E.Peripheral neuropathy

A.Tinnitus B.Hyperventilation C.Gastrointestinal bleeding D.Decreased urinary output

The client informs the nurse that she will decide whether she will accept treatment after she prays with her family and minister. What is the role of spirituality in drug therapy for this client? A) Irrelevant because medications act on scientific principles B) Important to the client's acceptance of medical treatment and response to treatment C) Harmless if it makes the client feel better D) Harmful, especially if treatment is delayed

B) Important to the client's acceptance of medical treatment and response to treatment

A client undergoing treatment for cancer complains about nausea and fatigue. In approaching this client problem holistically, what actions would the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A) Give an antinausea drug as ordered and place the patient on bed rest. B) Observe for specific instances of nausea or fatigue and report them to the oncologist. C) Take a medication history on the client, noting specific medication or food triggers. D) Talk to the client about the symptoms, the impact they have on daily activities, and techniques that have helped lessen the problem.

B) Observe for specific instances of nausea or fatigue and report them to the oncologist. D) Talk to the client about the symptoms, the impact they have on daily activities, and techniques that have helped lessen the problem. (C is traditional)

The patient informs the nurse that he uses herbal compounds given by a family member to treat his hypertension. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse? A) Inform the client that the herbal treatments will be ineffective. B) Obtain more information and determine whether the herbs are compatible with medications prescribed. C) Notify the health care provider immediately. D) Inform the client that the health care provider will not treat him if he does not accept the use of traditional medicine only.

B) Obtain more information and determine whether the herbs are compatible with medications prescribed.

The nurse understands that gender issues also influence pharmacotherapy. What are some important considerations for the nurse to remember about these differences? A) Men seek health care earlier than women. B) Women may not seek treatment for cardiac conditions as quickly as men. C) Women are more likely to stop taking medications because of side effects. D) All drug trials are conducted on male subjects.

B) Women may not seek treatment for cardiac conditions as quickly as men.

One third of older adult patients report that they are often nonadherent with drug therapy. Which response is given most frequently for nonadherance? A. "The drugs prevented me from doing other things I wanted to do." B. "I didn't have my medicine with me." C. "I wanted to save money." E. "I didn't believe the drugs were effective."

B. "I didn't have my medicine with me."

Which factor in the client's history would cause the nurse to question a medication order for atropine? A. A 42 year old woman with a history of drug abuse B. An 85 year old man with benign prostate hyperplasia C. An 18 year old man with IBS D. A 22 year old woman on the 2nd day of her menstrual cycle

B. An 85 year old man with benign prostate hyperplasia

To evaluate the effectiveness of high-dose dopamine (Intropin, DopaStat), the nurse would assess the: A. Pupillary response B. BP C. Level of consciousness D. Gag reflex

B. BP

Which age-related change in the older patient makes it necessary to reduce drug dosages? A. Decrease in total body fat B. Decrease in renal blood flow C. Increase in plasma protein levels D. Increase in total body water

B. Decrease in renal blood flow

Which health teaching concept should the nurse review with a client receiving tolterodine (Detrol) for urge incontinence? A. Exercise to avoid muscle atrophy B. Increase dietary fiber and water intake to avoid constipation C. Consume foods high in iron to increase RBC production D. Monitor the heart rate for bradycardia

B. Increase dietary fiber and water intake to avoid constipation

The nurse is caring for a patient with chronic hypertension. The patient is receiving a beta-adrenergic blocker daily. Which patient manifestations would the nurse conclude are adverse effects of this medication? Select all that apply. A. Anorexia B. Increased serum triglycerides C. Hypoglycemia D. Decreased libido E. Thrombocytopenia

B. Increased serum triglycerides C. Hypoglycemia D. Decreased libido

The nurse completes an initial home assessment of an independent 82 year old woman recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus managed with insulin injections. What is the most appropriate nursing action for insulin administration for the patient? A. Teach the daughter how to administer the insulin to her mother. B. Instruct the patient how to administer the insulin. C. Recommend daily visits by a home health aide to give the insulin. D. Ask the health care provider to change the order to an oral antidiabetic medication.

B. Instruct the patient how to administer the insulin.

In initiating holistic care with a client who has chronic headaches, which action would the nurse take? A.) Tell the client to take Tylenol as directed on the label B.) Ask the client what he or she believes may be contributing to the problem C.) Monitor the client's pupil response to light D.) Refer the client to an ophthalmologist for an eye exam

B.) Ask the client what he or she believes may be contributing to the problem

A Native American client states, "I will only take medications that are approved by the Shaman." The nurse understands that this statement reflects the client's: A.) Ethnicity B.) Cultural belief C.) Genetic polymorphisms D.) Health-related bias

B.) Cultural belief

A 30-year-old client with depression has attempted suicide by overdosing on acetaminophen (Tylenol). The nurse in the emergency department will anticipate that the client's treatment will consist of: A.) An intravenous infusion with normal saline to infuse at 1,000 mL per hour B.) The administration of acetylcysteine (Acetadote) by intravenous infusion C.) Preparation for cardioversion due to the impending arrhythmia D.) The assessment of liver enzymes to determine hepatotoxicity

B.) The administration of acetylcysteine (Acetadote) by intravenous infusion

The nurse who is caring for a patient receiving cyclosporine (Sandimmune) will discontinue the medication immediately and call the provider if which of the following occurs? A.) Red blood cell count above 8.5 million/mm3 B.) White blood cell count below 4,000/mm3 C.) Platelet count above 100,000/mm3 D.) Serum creatinine level less than 1.0 mg/100 mL

B.) White blood cell count below 4,000/mm3

An 80-year-old woman, who is scheduled for a total knee replacement next month, currently takes ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) 600 mg three times per day. Which patient teaching intervention is most important? A.Continue ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) until surgery. B.Stop ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) today. C.Decrease ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) to two times per day. D.Stop ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) 7 to 14 days before surgery.

B.Stop ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) today.

The nurse provides teaching about a drug to an older adult couple. To ensure that the instructions are understood, which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to take? A) Provide detailed written material about the drug. B) Provide labels and instructions in large print. C) Assess the clients' reading levels and have the clients "teach back" the instructions to determine understanding. D) Provide instructions only when family members are present.

C) Assess the clients' reading levels and have the clients "teach back" the instructions to determine understanding.

A 16-year-old adolescent is 6 weeks pregnant. The pregnancy has exacerbated her acne. She asks the nurse if she can resume taking her isotretinoin (Accutane) prescription, a category X drug. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. "Since you have a prescription for Accutane, it is safe to resume using it." B. "You should check with your health care provider at your next visit." C. "Accutane is known to cause birth defects and should never be taken during pregnancy." D. "You should reduce the Accutane dosage by half during pregnancy."

C. "Accutane is known to cause birth defects and should never be taken during pregnancy."

An older adult patient has arthritis in her hands and takes several prescription drugs. Which statement by this patient requires further assessment by the nurse? A. "My pharmacist puts my pills in screw-top bottles to make it easier for me to take them." B. "I fill my prescriptions once per month." C. "I care for my 2-year-old grandson twice a week." D. "My arthritis medicine helps my stiff hands."

C. "I care for my 2-year-old grandson twice a week."

The patient will be taking cholinergic antagonists following discharge from the acute care hospital. Which statement made by the patient would indicate that additional teaching is needed? A. "To relieve dry mouth, I should drink plenty of water" B. "I will avoid activities requiring mental alertness until I know the effects of this drug." C. "The use of lubricating eye drops should be avoided. I should see an eye doctor for dry eyes" D. "I will not breastfeed while taking this drug without consulting my health care provider."

C. "The use of lubricating eye drops should be avoided. I should see an eye doctor for dry eyes"

A health care provider has ordered neostigmine (Protsigmin) for each of these patients. A nurse should question the order for which patient? A. A patient with postoperative abdominal distension B. A patient who is experiencing urinary retention C. A patient who has COPD D. A patient who has received nondepolarizing muscle relaxants

C. A patient who has COPD

The nurse is preparing to give an oral medication to a 6-month-old infant. How should this drug be administered? A. By placing the medication in the next bottle of formula B. By mixing the medication with juice in a bottle C. By placing the medicine dropper in the inner cheek, allowing time for the infant to swallow D. By placing the medication toward the back of the mouth to avoid having the infant immediately spit out the medication

C. By placing the medicine dropper in the inner cheek, allowing time for the infant to swallow

A client in her first trimester of pregnancy asks the nurse which medications should be avoided during pregnancy. The nurse's response is based on the knowledge that during pregnancy: A. Most over-the-counter medications are safe. B. When possible, drug therapy is postponed until after pregnancy and lactation C. It is wise to discontinue all drugs used in treating medical conditions D. The decision whether or not to take medication is the responsibility of the woman

C. It is wise to discontinue all drugs used in treating medical conditions

To reduce the chance of duplicate medication order for the older adult returning home after surgery, what actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) A. Call in all prescriptions to the patient's pharmacies rather than relying on paper copies of prescriptions. B. Give all prescriptions to the patient's family member. C. Take a medication history, including all OTC and prescription medications and a pharmacy history with each patient visit. D. Work with the patient's health care provider to limit the number of prescriptions. E. Perform a medication reconciliation before sending the patient home.

C. Take a medication history, including all OTC and prescription medications and a pharmacy history with each patient visit. E. Perform a medication reconciliation before sending the patient home.

It is time to give a 3-year-old oral medication. Which comment by the nurse is most therapeutic? A.) "This is the medicine that makes you feel better." B.) "If you don't take your medicine you can't go home." C.) "Would you like to take your medicine with water or juice?" D.) "See how easily your roommate has taken his medicine?"

C.) "Would you like to take your medicine with water or juice?"

A nurse is particularly cautious in monitoring the client who is prescribed aldesleukin (Proleukin). To monitor for the development of capillarly leak syndrome, the nurse would frequently assess: A.) Skin condition and rashes B.) Laboratory values for increasing amylase and lipase C.) Blood pressure and urine output D.) Vision and hearing

C.) Blood pressure and urine output

Drugs that are most likely to create drug interactions in pediatric clients are those with: A.) Low potency B.) Wide therapeutic index C.) Extensive protein binding D.) Effects on the skin

C.) Extensive protein binding

Various psychosocial variables may influence nonadherenace to pharmacotherapy. An example of this would occur when the client reports the prescribed drug: A.) Produces an unpleasant aftertaste B.) Is a very large tablet and difficult to swallow C.) Is too expensive for the client to afford D.) Potentially causes hepatotoxicity

C.) Is too expensive for the client to afford

A patient has a fever and is allergic to aspirin. Which medication will the nurse anticipate administering to reduce the patient's fever? A.Ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) B.Ketorolac (Toradol) C.Acetaminophen (Tylenol) D.Celecoxib (Celebrex)

C.Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

Which is the most effective method for a nurse to recognize patient-specific genetic influences? A. Ask the patient if there have been drug-dose-related problems in the past. B. Consult reference books and the Internet for information C. Observe the effects with other patients of similar racial-ethnic backgrounds D. Be cautious with all drugs and observe for individual patient responses.

D. Be cautious with all drugs and observe for individual patient responses

To reduce the effect of a prescribed medication on the infant of a breast-feeding mother, how should the nurse teach the mother to take the medication? A. At night B. Immediately before the next feeding C. In divided doses at regular intervals around the clock D. Immediately after breast-feeding

D. Immediately after breast-feeding

The nurse is discussing the therapeutic effects of bethanechol (Urecholine) with a pt. who is receiving this drug for urinary retention. The nurse understands that bethanechol: A. Changes in the diameter of the urethral opening B. Increases in the amount of urine made in the kidneys C. Improves blood flow to the kidneys D. Increases contractions of the bladder and structures that promote urination

D. Increases contractions of the bladder and structures that promote urination

Which of the following should the nurse instruct a patient with diabetes who is prescribed a beta-adrenergic blocker for the treatment of hypertension to do? A. Increase insulin intake by 2 to 3 unites daily each morning B. Decrease the intake of carbohydrates while on the antihypertensive medications C. Elevate the lower extremities to promote venous drainage D. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently and report hypoglycemia

D. Monitor blood glucose levels frequently and report hypoglycemia

A nurse is administering a liquid medication to a 15-month-old child. What is the most appropriate approach to medication administration by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) A. Tell the child that the medication tastes just like candy. B. Mix the medication in 8 oz of orange juice. C. Ask the child if she would like to take her medication now. D. Sit the child up, hold the medicine cup to her lips, and kindly instruct her to drink. E. Offer the child a choice of cup in which to take the medicine.

D. Sit the child up, hold the medicine cup to her lips, and kindly instruct her to drink. E. Offer the child a choice of cup in which to take the medicine.

A healthcare provider has ordered an alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist for each of these patients. A nurse should question the order for the patient with which disorder? A. Benign prostatic hyperplasia B. Pheochromyctoma C. Raynaud's disease D. Tachycardia

D. Tachycardia

Propranolol (Inderal) has been ordered for a patient with hypertension. Because of adverse effected related to this drug, the nurse would carefully monitor for which adverse effect? A.) Bronchodilation B.) Tachycardia C.) Edema D.) Bradycardia

D.) Bradycardia

The healthcare provider prescribes epinephrine (adrenaline) for a patient who was stung by several wasps 30 minutes ago and is experiencing an allergic reaction. The nurse knows that the primary purpose of this medication for this patient is to: A.) Stop the systemic release of histamine produced by the mast cells B.) Counteract the formation of antibodies in response to an invading antigen C.) Increase the number of white blood cells produced to fight the primary invader D.) Increase a declining blood pressure and dilate constricting bronchi associated with prophylaxis

D.) Increase a declining blood pressure and dilate constricting bronchi associated with prophylaxis

The community health nurse is visiting a postpartum mother who is breast-feeding her 3.2kg (7 lb.) infant daughter. Which of the following statements, if made by the mother, indicates that further teaching is necessary? Select all that apply. a) "When using OTC medication., I should take only the lowest effective dose." b) "The higher the dose of medication, the more likely it will be secreted into breast milk" c) "I shouldn't take any drug during breast-feeding, even my prescriptions." d) "Medication in liquid form should be avoided since it more readily enters the breast milk"

a) "When using OTC medication., I should take only the lowest effective dose." c) "I shouldn't take any drug during breast-feeding, even my prescriptions." d) "Medication in liquid form should be avoided since it more readily enters the breast milk"

The nurse is administering medication to a group of pregnant women. At which stage of fetal development will congenital malformations least likely occur? a) 1-2 weeks b) 3-4 weeks c) 5-6 weeks d) 7-8 weeks

a) 1-2 weeks

In general, drug absorption in the older adult is somewhat slowed. What physiological changes may account for this? Select all that apply. a) increased gastric pH b) decreased rate of blood flow to the GI tract c) increased gastrointestinal motility d) increased body surface area e) decreased cardiac output

a) increased gastric pH b) decreased rate of blood flow to the GI tract

The patient or family of a patient taking neostigmine (Prostigmin) should be taught to be observant for which of the following adverse effects that may signal that a possible overdose has occurred? a. Excessive sweating, salivation, and drooling b. Extreme constipation c. Hypertension and tachycardia d. Excessively dry eyes and reddened sclera

a. Excessive sweating, salivation, and drooling

2.) Anticholinergics may be ordered for which of the following conditions? Select all that apply. a. Peptic ulcer b. Bradycardia c. Decreased sexual function d. Irritable bowel syndrome e. Urine retention

a. Peptic ulcer b. Bradycardia d. Irritable bowel syndrome

Which factor in the patient's history would cause the nurse to question a medication order for atropine? a. A 32-year old man with a history of drug abuse b. A 65-year old man with benign prostatic hyperplasia c. An 8-year old boy with chronic tonsillitis d. A 22-year old woman on her second day of her menstrual cycle

b. A 65-year old man with benign prostatic hyperplasia

The patient taking benxtropine (Cogentin) should be provided education on methods to manage which common adverse effect? a. Heartburn b. Constipation c. Hypothermia d. Increased gastric motility

b. Constipation

The nurse is administering medications to a client who is 32 weeks pregnant. Which of the following normal physiological principles associated with pregnancy will affect drug absorption? a) Medications. are absorbed and distributed more quickly in pregnant women b) There is a greater hemoconcentration of drugs in pregnant clients c) Drugs remain longer in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to extended time for absorption d) Drug metabolism is highly affected by pregnancy

c) Drugs remain longer in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to extended time for absorption

The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a patient with myasthenia gravis. Which of the following outcome statements would be appropriate for a patient receiving a cholinergic agonist such as pyridostigmine (Mestinon) for this condition? The patient will exhibit: a. An increase in pulse rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate. b. Enhanced urinary elimination c. A decreased in muscle weakness, ptosis, and diplopia. d. Prolonged muscle contractions and proprioception

c. A decreased in muscle weakness, ptosis, and diplopia

Older adult patients taking bethanechol (Urecholine) need to be assessed more frequently because of which of the following adverse effect? a. Tachycardia b. Hypertension c. Dizziness d. Urinary retention

c. Dizziness

The nurse is preparing to discuss drug use during pregnancy with a group of nursing students. The main topic is FDA drug classifications. Which of the following drugs should the nurse inform the students are most detrimental to the fetus? a. category A b. category B c. category C d. category X

d. category X