PRACTICE QUESTIONS
The nurse is performing a neurological assessment on a client post right cerebrovascular accident. Which finding, if observed by the nurse, would warrant immediate attention? A. Decrease in the level of consciousness B. Loss of bladder control C. Altered sensation to stimuli D. Emotional lability
A. Decrease in the level of consciousness A further decrease in the level of consciousness may indicate an increase in intracranial pressure leading to inadequate oxygenation of the brain. A decrease in LOC may also reveal the presence of a transient ischemic attack which may warn of impending thrombotic CVA.
At a community health fair, the blood pressure of a 62-year-old client is 160/96 mmHg. The client states "My blood pressure is usually much lower." The nurse should tell the client to: A. Go get a blood pressure check within the next 15 minutes B. Check blood pressure again in two (2) months C. See the healthcare provider immediately D. Visit the health care provider within one (1) week for a BP check
A. Go get a blood pressure check within the next 15 minutes This gives us the ability to check the clients statement saying their BP is normally a lot lower, because we need to assess for complications such as stroke
A 25-year-old male client has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and will take levothyroxine (Synthroid) 50 mcg/day by mouth. As part of the teaching plan, the nurse emphasizes that this medication: A. Should be taken in the morning B. May decrease the client's energy level C. Must be stored in a dark container D. Will decrease the client's heart rate
A. Should be taken in the morning Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has a side effect of insomnia. Taking it in the morning could prevent interfering with the client's sleeping pattern.
A patient tells you that her urine is starting to look discolored. If you believe this change is due to medication, which of the following of the patient's medication does not cause urine discoloration? A. Sulfasalazine B. Levodopa C. Phenolphthalein D. Aspirin
Aspirin is not known to cause discoloration of the urine. Side effects and complications of taking aspirin include stroke caused by a burst blood vessel. The Food and Drug Administration doesn't recommend aspirin therapy for the prevention of heart attacks in people who haven't already had a heart attack, stroke or another cardiovascular condition.
A client comes to the clinic for treatment of recurrent pelvic inflammatory disease. The nurse recognizes that this condition most frequently follows which type of infection? A. Trichomoniasis B. Chlamydia C. Staphylococcus D. Streptococcus
B. Chlamydia Chlamydial infections are one of the most frequent causes of salpingitis or pelvic inflammatory disease. Chlamydial bacteria could travel up toward the vagina or cervix into the reproductive organs.
The home health nurse visits a male client to provide wound care and finds the client lethargic and confused. His wife states he fell down the stairs two (2) hours ago. The nurse should A. Place a call to the client's health care provider for instructions B. Send him to the emergency room for evaluation C. Reassure the client's wife that the symptoms are transient D. Instruct the client's wife to call the doctor if his symptoms become worse
B. Send him to the emergency room for evaluation This client requires immediate evaluation. A delay in treatment could result in further deterioration and harm. Home care nurses must prioritize interventions based on assessment findings that are in the client's best interest.
The nurse is speaking at a community meeting about personal responsibility for health promotion. A participant asks about chiropractic treatment for illnesses. What should be the focus of the nurse's response? A. Electrical energy fields B. Spinal column manipulation C. Mind-body balance D. Exercise of joint
B. Spinal column manipulation
Which complication of cardiac catheterization should the nurse monitor for in the initial 24 hours after the procedure? A. Angina at rest B. Thrombus formation C. Dizziness D. Falling Blood Pressure
B. Thrombus formation Thrombus formation would prevent blood from flowing normally through the circulatory system; which can result in blockage to major organs
A registered nurse who usually works in a spinal rehabilitation unit is floated to the emergency department. Which of these clients should the charge nurse assign to this RN? A. A middle-aged client who says "I took too many diet pills" and "my heart feels like it is racing out of my chest." B. A young adult who says "I hear songs from heaven. I need money for beer. I quit drinking two (2) days ago for my family. Why are my arms and legs jerking?" C. An adolescent who has been on pain medications terminal cancer with an initial assessment finding pupils and a relaxed respiratory rate of 11, D. An elderly client who reports having taken a "large crack hit" 10 minutes prior to walking into the emergency room.
C. An adolescent who has been on pain medications terminal cancer with an initial assessment finding pupils and a relaxed respiratory rate of 11, Nurses who are floated to other units should be assigned to a client who has minimal anticipated immediate complications of their problem. This client exhibits opioid toxicity with the pinpoint pupils and has the least risk of complications to occur in the near future.
When teaching a client with coronary artery disease about nutrition, the nurse should emphasize: A. Eating three (3) balanced meals a day B. Adding complex carbohydrates C. Avoiding very heavy meals D. Limiting sodium to 7 gms per day
C. Avoiding very heavy meals Eating large, heavy meals can pull blood away from the heart for digestion and is dangerous for the client with coronary artery disease. Too much plaque may accumulate in the arteries and block the delivery of blood and oxygen in major organs of the body.
In children suspected to have a diagnosis of diabetes, which one of the following complaints would be most likely to prompt parents to take their school-age child for evaluation? A. Polyphagia B. Dehydration C. Bedwetting D. Weight loss
C. Bedwetting Bedwetting is one of the first symptoms of type 1 diabetes in children
A client is admitted to the emergency room with renal calculi and is complaining of moderate to severe flank pain and nausea. The client's temperature is 100.8 degrees Fahrenheit. The priority nursing goal for this client is: A. Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance B. Control nausea C. Manage pain D. Prevent UTI
C. Manage pain Pain is always a priority because it improves quality of life. We wouldn't want to maintain the fluid and electrolyte balance because giving a lot of fluids is controversial because it is said to possibly increase the renal calculi pain
A child who has recently been diagnosed with cystic fibrosis is in a pediatric clinic where a nurse is performing an assessment. Which later finding of this disease would the nurse not expect to see at this time? A. Positive sweat test B. Bulky greasy stools C. Moist, productive cough D. Meconium ileus
C. Moist, productive cough Noisy respirations and a dry non-productive cough are commonly the first of the respiratory signs to appear in a newly diagnosed client with cystic fibrosis (CF). The other options are the earliest findings. CF is an inherited (genetic) condition affecting the cells that produce mucus, sweat, saliva, and digestive juices. Normally, these secretions are thin and slippery, but in CF, a defective gene causes the secretions to become thick and sticky. Instead of acting as a lubricant, the secretions plug up tubes, ducts, and passageways, especially in the pancreas and lungs. Respiratory failure is the most dangerous consequence of CF.
A nurse is reviewing a patient's past medical history (PMH). The history indicates the patient has photosensitive reactions to medications. Which of the following drugs is associated with photosensitive reactions? Select all that apply. A. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) B. Sulfonamide C. Norfloxacin (Noroxin) D. Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim (Bactrim) E. Isotretinoin (Accutane) F. Nitro-Dur patch
Correct Answer: A, B, C, D, and E. Photosensitivity is an extreme sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun and other light sources. A type of photosensitivity called Phototoxic reactions are caused when medications in the body interact with UV rays from the sun. Anti-infectives are the most common cause of this type of reaction
A nurse prepares to care for a 4-year-old newly admitted for rhabdomyosarcoma. The nurse should alert the staff to pay more attention to the function of which area of the body? A. All striated muscles B. The cerebellum C. The kidneys D. The leg bones
Correct Answer: A. All striated muscles Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common children's soft tissue sarcoma. It originates in striated (skeletal) muscles and can be found anywhere in the body. Symptoms of rhabdomyosarcoma include if the cancer is in the head or neck area: sudden bulging or swelling of the eyes, conjunctival chemosis, and headache. It can also affect the urinary or reproductive system. Its common site of metastasis is the lung.
A client is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) 0.25 mg daily. The health care provider has written a new order to give metoprolol (Lopressor) 25 mg B.I.D. In assessing the client prior to administering the medications, which of the following should the nurse report immediately to the health care provider? A. Blood pressure 94/60 mm Hg B. Heart rate 76 bpm C. Urine output 50 ml/hour D. Respiratory rate 16 bpm
Correct Answer: A. Blood pressure 94/60 mm Hg Both medications decrease the heart rate. Metoprolol affects blood pressure. Therefore, the heart rate and blood pressure must be within the normal range (HR 60-100; systolic BP over 100) in order to safely administer both medications.
You are responsible for reviewing the nursing unit's refrigerator. Which of the following drugs, if found inside the fridge, should be removed? A. Nadolol (Corgard) B. Opened (in-use) Humulin N injection C. Urokinase (Kinlytic) D. Epoetin alfa IV (Epogen)
Correct Answer: A. Corgard Option B: Humulin N injection if unopened (not in use) is stored in the fridge and can be used until the expiration date, or stored at room temperature and used within 31 days. If opened (in-use), store the vial in a refrigerator or at room temperature and use within 31 days. Store the injection pen at room temperature (do not refrigerate) and use within 14 days. Keep it in its original container protected from heat and light. Do not draw insulin from a vial into a syringe until you are ready to give an injection. Do not freeze insulin or store it near the cooling element in a refrigerator. Throw away any insulin that has been frozen. Option C: Urokinase (Kinlytic) is refrigerated at 2-8°C. Lyophilized Urokinase although stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated below -18°C. Upon reconstitution Urokinase should be stored at 4°C between 2-7 days and for future use below -18°C. Option D: Epoetin alfa IV (Epogen) vials should be stored at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F); Do not freeze. Do not shake. Protect from light.
A patient asks a nurse, "My doctor recommended I increase my intake of folic acid. What type of foods contain the highest concentration of folic acids?" A. Green vegetables and liver B. Yellow vegetables and red meat C. Carrots D. Milk
Correct Answer: A. Green vegetables and liver Green vegetables and liver are a great source of folic acid.
A patient has taken an overdose of aspirin. Which of the following should a nurse must closely monitor for during acute management of this patient? A. Onset of pulmonary edema B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Respiratory alkalosis D. Parkinson's disease type symptom
Correct Answer: A. Onset of pulmonary edema Aspirin overdose can lead to metabolic acidosis and cause pulmonary edema development. Early symptoms of aspirin poisoning also include tinnitus, hyperventilation, vomiting, dehydration, and fever. Late signs include drowsiness, bizarre behavior, unsteady walking, and coma.
The nurse is preparing to administer an enteral feeding to a client via a nasogastric feeding tube. The most important action of the nurse is: A. Verify correct placement of the tube B. Check that the feeding solution matches the dietary order C. Aspirate abdominal contents to determine the amount of last feeding remaining in stomach D. Ensure that feeding solution is at room temperature
Correct Answer: A. Verify correct placement of the tube Proper placement of the tube prevents aspiration and entrance of food content into the lungs. The definitive way to ascertain the position of the nasogastric tube is through visualization by an x-ray. Another method is to aspirate stomach contents and check its pH (usually pH 1 to 5). Aspirated stomach content can also be tested for bilirubin to confirm it is placed in the stomach.
A nurse is reviewing a patient's medication during shift change. Which of the following medications would be contraindicated if the patient were pregnant? Select all that apply. A. Warfarin (Coumadin) B. Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar) C. Celecoxib (Celebrex) D. Clonidine (Catapres) E. Transdermal nicotine (Habitrol) F. Clofazimine(Lamprene)
Correct Answer: A. Warfarin (Coumadin); B. Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar) Option A: Warfarin (Coumadin). Has a pregnancy category X and associated with central nervous system defects, spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, prematurity, hemorrhage, and ocular defects when given anytime during pregnancy and fetal warfarin syndrome when given during the first trimester. Option B: Finasteride (Propecia, Proscar). Also has a pregnancy category X which has a high risk of causing permanent damage to the fetus.
The nurse is caring for a client who had a total hip replacement seven (7) days ago. Which statement by the client requires the nurse's immediate attention? A. I have bad muscle spasms in my lower leg of the affected extremity. B. "I just can't 'catch my breath' over the past few minutes and I think I am in grave danger." C. "I have to use the bedpan to pass my water at least every 1 to 2 hours." D. "It seems that the pain medication is not working as well today."
Correct Answer: B. "I just can't 'catch my breath' over the past few minutes and I think I am in grave danger." The nurse would be concerned about all of these comments, however, the most life-threatening is option B. Clients who had hip or knee surgery are at higher risk for the development of postoperative pulmonary embolism.
The nurse is giving discharge teaching to a client seven (7) days post-myocardial infarction. He asks the nurse why he must wait six (6) weeks before having sexual intercourse. What is the bestresponse by the nurse to this question? A. "You need to regain your strength before attempting such exertion." B. "When you can climb 2 flights of stairs without problems, it is generally safe." C. "Have a glass of wine to relax you, then you can try to have sex."
Correct Answer: B. "When you can climb 2 flights of stairs without problems, it is generally safe." There is a risk of cardiac rupture at the point of the myocardial infarction for about six (6) weeks. Scar tissue should form about that time. Waiting until the client can tolerate climbing stairs is the usual advice given by healthcare providers. Option A: The instruction in option A is vague and does not specifically tell the patient how to determine if the activity is already appropriate for him. Option C: Having a glass of wine is not recommended for a client who just had a myocardial infarction. Option D: Having an active walking program does not guarantee that the client has regained strength for strenuous activity.
You are taking the history of a 14-year-old girl who has a (BMI) of 18. The girl reports inability to eat, induced vomiting and severe constipation. Which of the following would you mostlikely suspect? A. Multiple sclerosis B. Anorexia nervosa C. Bulimia nervosa D. Systemic sclerosis
Correct Answer: B. Anorexia nervosa All of the clinical signs and symptoms point to a condition of anorexia nervosa. The key feature of anorexia nervosa is self-imposed starvation, resulting from a distorted body image and an intense, irrational fear of gaining weight, even when the patient is emaciated. Anorexia nervosa may include refusal to eat accompanied by compulsive exercising, self-induced vomiting, or laxative or diuretic abuse.
A 24-year-old female is admitted to the ER due to confusion. This patient has a history of a myeloma diagnosis, constipation, intense abdominal pain, and polyuria. Based on the presenting signs and symptoms, which of the following would you mostlikely suspect? A. Diverticulosis B. Hypercalcemia C. Hypocalcemia D. Irritable bowel syndrome
Correct Answer: B. Hypercalcemia Hypercalcemia can cause polyuria, severe abdominal pain, and confusion.
A nurse enters a client's room to discover that the client has no pulse or respirations. After calling for help, the first action the nurse should take is: A. Start a peripheral IV B. Initiate high-quality chest compressions C. Establish an airway D. Obtain the crash cart
Correct Answer: B. Initiate high-quality chest compressions As per new guidelines, the American Heart Association recommends beginning CPR with chest compression (rather than checking for the airway first). Start CPR with 30 chest compressions before checking the airway and giving rescue breaths. Starting with chest compressions first applies to adults, children, and infants needing CPR, but not newborns. CPR can keep oxygenated blood flowing to the brain and other vital organs until more definitive medical treatment can restore a normal heart rhythm.
A 5-year-old child and has been recently admitted to the hospital. According to Erik Erikson's psychosocial development stages, the child is in which stage? A. Trust vs. mistrust B. Initiative vs. guilt C. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt D. Intimacy vs. isolation
Correct Answer: B. Initiative vs. guilt It is as children enter the preschool years (3-6 years old) that they begin the third stage of psychosocial development centered on initiative versus guilt. It is important for the kids of this age to learn that they can exert power over themselves and the world.
A second-year nursing student has just suffered a needlestick while working with a patient that is positive for AIDS. Which of the following is the most significant action that the nursing student should take? A. Immediately see a social worker B. Start prophylactic AZT treatment C. Start prophylactic Pentamidine treatment D. Seek counseling
Correct Answer: B. Start prophylactic AZT treatment Azidothymidine (AZT) treatment is the most critical intervention. It is an antiretroviral medication used to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS by reducing the replication of the virus. Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV is a treatment to suppress the virus and prevent infection after exposure. PEP should be taken within 72 hours of possible exposure to HIV, so it is important to seek treatment quickly.
A 65-year-old man has been admitted to the hospital for spinal stenosis surgery. When should the discharge training and planning begin for this patient? A. Following surgery B. Upon admission C. Within 48 hours of discharge D. Preoperative discussion
Correct Answer: B. Upon admission Discharge education begins upon admission. Ideally, it involves the client and the family, as well as the hospital staff.
A nurse is caring for an infant that has recently been diagnosed with a congenital heart defect. Which of the following clinical signs would most likely be present? A. Slow pulse rate B. Weight gain C. Decreased systolic pressure D. Irregular WBC lab values
Correct Answer: B. Weight gain Weight gain due to fluid accumulation is associated with heart failure and congenital heart defects
A thirty-five-year-old male has been an insulin-dependent diabetic for five years and now is unable to urinate. Which of the following would you most likely suspect? A. Atherosclerosis B. Diabetic nephropathy C. Autonomic neuropathy D. Somatic neuropathy
Correct Answer: C. Autonomic neuropathy Autonomic neuropathy (also known as Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy) affects the autonomic nerves, which control the bladder, intestinal tract, and genitals, among other organs. Paralysis of the bladder is a common symptom of this type of neuropathy, as manifested by bladder urgency and inability to start urination.
A toddler is 26 months old and has been recently admitted to the hospital. According to Erikson, which of the following stages is the toddler in? A. Trust vs. mistrust B. Initiative vs. guilt C. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt D. Intimacy vs. isolation
Correct Answer: C. Autonomy vs. shame and doubt Autonomy vs Shame and doubt is the second stage of Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development. This stage occurs between the ages of 18 months to 3 years. According to Erikson, children at this stage are focused on developing a greater sense of control.
A patient is getting discharged from a skilled nursing facility (SNF). The patient has a history of severe COPD and PVD. The patient is primarily concerned about his ability to breathe easily. Which of the following would be the best instruction for this patient? A. Deep breathing techniques to increase oxygen levels. B. Cough regularly and deeply to clear airway passages. C. Cough following bronchodilator utilization. D. Decrease CO2 levels by increased oxygen take output during meals.
Correct Answer: C. Cough following bronchodilator utilization The bronchodilator will allow a more productive cough.
During an assessment of a client with cardiomyopathy, the nurse finds that the systolic blood pressure has decreased from 145 to 110 mm Hg and the heart rate has risen from 72 to 96 beats per minute and the client complains of periodic dizzy spells. The nurse instructs the client to: A. Increase fluids that are high in protein B. Restrict fluids C. Force fluids and reassess blood pressure D. Limit fluids to non-caffeine beverages
Correct Answer: C. Force fluids and reassess blood pressure Orthostatic hypotension, a decrease in systolic blood pressure of more than 15 mmHg, and an increase in heart rate of more than 15 percent usually accompanied by dizziness indicate volume depletion, inadequate vasoconstrictor mechanisms, and autonomic insufficiency.
Rhogam is most often used to treat____ mothers that have a ____ infant. A. RH positive, RH positive B. RH positive, RH negative C. RH negative, RH positive D. RH negative, RH negative
Correct Answer: C. RH negative, RH positive Rhogam prevents the production of anti-RH antibodies in the mother that has an Rh-positive fetus.
The nurse is caring for a client with a serum potassium level of 3.5 mEq/L. The client is placed on a cardiac monitor and receives 40 mEq potassium chloride in 1000 ml of 5% dextrose in water IV. Which of the following EKG patterns indicates to the nurse that the infusions should be discontinued? A. Narrowed QRS complex B. Shortened "PR" interval C. Tall peaked "T" waves D. Prominent "U" waves
Correct Answer: C. Tall peaked "T" waves A tall peaked T wave is a sign of hyperkalemia. The healthcare provider should be notified regarding discontinuing the medication.
An 85-year-old male has been losing mobility and gaining weight over the last two (2) months. The patient also has the heater running in his house 24 hours a day, even on warm days. Which of the following tests is most likely to be performed? A. CBC (complete blood count) B. ECG (electrocardiogram) C. Thyroid function tests D. CT scan
Correct Answer: C. Thyroid function tests Weight gain and poor temperature tolerance indicate something may be wrong with the thyroid function.
During the evaluation of the quality of home care for a client with Alzheimer's disease, the priority for the nurse is to reinforce which statement by a family member? A. "At least two (2) full meals a day are eaten." B. "We go to a group discussion every week at our community center." C. "We have safety bars installed in the bathroom and have 24-hour alarms on the doors." D. "The medication is not a problem to have it taken three (3) times a day."
Correct Answer: C. We have safety bars installed in the bathroom and have 24-hour alarms on the doors. Note all options are correct statements. However, safety is most important to reinforce. Option C: Ensuring safety of the client with increasing memory loss is a priority of home care. In addition to installation of safety bars, all obvious hazards should be removed in order to prevent falls and other injuries. A hazard-free home environment allows the patient maximum independence and a sense of autonomy.
A 33-year-old male client with heart failure has been taking furosemide for the past week. Which of the following assessment cues below may indicate the client is experiencing a negative side effect from the medication? A. Weight gain of 5 pounds B. Edema of the ankles C. Gastric irritability D. Decreased appetite
Correct Answer: D. Decreased appetite Furosemide is a loop diuretic that is used for pulmonary edema, edema in heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, and hypertension. Furosemide causes a loss of potassium unless a supplement or a potassium-rich diet is taken. A decrease in appetite is caused by hypokalemia.
A 34-year-old female has recently been diagnosed with an autoimmune disease. She has also recently discovered that she is pregnant. Which of the following is the only immunoglobulin that will provide protection to the fetus in the womb? A. IgA B. IgD C. IgE D. IgG
Correct Answer: D. IgG IgG is the only immunoglobulin that can cross the placental barrier. About 70-80% of the immunoglobulins in the blood are IgG. Specific IgG antibodies are produced during an initial infection or other antigen exposure, rising a few weeks after it begins, then decreasing and stabilizing. The body retains a catalog of IgG antibodies that can be rapidly reproduced whenever exposed to the same antigen. IgG antibodies form the basis of long-term protection against microorganisms.
The nurse prepares the client for the insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz catheter). The nurse teaches the client that the catheter will be inserted to provide information about: A. Stroke volume B. Cardiac output C. Venous pressure D. Left ventricular functioning
Correct Answer: D. Left ventricular functioning The catheter is placed in the pulmonary artery. Information regarding left ventricular function is obtained when the catheter balloon is inflated.
Which of the following should the nurse implement to prepare a client for a KUB (Kidney, Ureter, Bladder) radiography test? A. Client must be NPO before the examination B. Enema to be administered prior to the examination C. Medicate client with furosemide 20 mg IV 30 minutes prior to the examination D. No special orders are necessary for this examination
Correct Answer: D. No special orders are necessary for this examination There are no special orders for this procedure, however, the client must be instructed of the general rule during radiography tests: remove any clothing, jewelry, or objects that may interfere with the test. Option A: There is no need to keep the client on NPO before the procedure. Option B: Enemas are not recommended for any type of radiograph test. Option C: Furosemide (Lasix) is unnecessary for this examination.
The nurse practicing in a maternity setting recognizes that the postmature fetus is at risk due to: A. Excessive fetal weight B. Low blood sugar levels C. Depletion of subcutaneous fat D. Progressive placental insufficiency
Correct Answer: D. Progressive placental insufficiency Postmature or post-term pregnancy is a prolonged pregnancy that exceeds the limits of 38 to 42 weeks (normal term pregnancy). Infants of such pregnancy are considered postmature or dysmature if there is evidence that placental insufficiency has occurred and interfered with fetal growth.
The nurse anticipates that for a family who practices Chinese medicine the priority goal would be to: A. Achieve harmony B. Maintain a balance of energy C. Respect life D. Restore yin and yang
Correct Answer: D. Restore yin and yang For followers of Chinese medicine, health is maintained through the balance between the forces of yin and yang.
A new mother has some questions about phenylketonuria (PKU). Which of the following statements made by a nurse is not correct regarding PKU? A. A Guthrie test can check the necessary lab values B. The urine has a high concentration of phenyl pyruvic acid C. Mental deficits are often present with PKU D. The effects of PKU are reversible
Correct Answer: D. The effects of PKU are reversible. Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an inherited disorder that increases the levels of phenylalanine (a building block of proteins) in the blood.
A nurse is administering blood to a patient who has a low hemoglobin count. The patient asks how long do red blood cells live in my body? The correct response is: A. The life span of RBC is 45 days B. The life span of RBC is 60 days C. The life span of RBC is 90 days D. The life span of RBC is 120 days
Correct Answer: D. The life span of RBC is 120 days Red blood cells have a lifespan of 120 in the body. Today, RBC population studies are performed with a label that is placed on the RBC ex vivo, making it possible to study both donor and autologous RBC.
The nurse is providing information to a client with multiple sclerosis on performing exercises and physical activities. The nurse determines the client needs additional teaching if the client makes which statements? Select all that apply. A. "I can lift weights and do resistance training." B. "I should exercise to the point of exhaustion." C. "I can include aerobic exercises in my routine." D. "Proper stretching should be done before starting my routine." E. "I should exercise continuously without rest."
Correct answers: B & E. Option B: Patients with multiple sclerosis should not exercise to the point of fatigue as strenuous physical exercise raises body temperature and may aggravate symptoms. Option E: Continuous exercise with no rest periods is contraindicated for patients with multiple sclerosis who wants to exercise. The patient should be advised to take short rest periods, preferably lying down. Again, extreme fatigue may contribute to the exacerbation of symptoms.
A 3-year-old child was brought to the pediatric clinic after the sudden onset of findings that include irritability, thick muffled voice, croaking on inspiration, hot to touch, sit leaning forward, tongue protruding, drooling, and suprasternal retractions. What should the nurse do first? A. Prepare the child for X-ray of upper airways B. Examine the child's throat C. Collect a sputum specimen D. Notify the healthcare provider of the child's status
D. Notify the healthcare provider of the child's status Medical emergency of epiglottis
What would the nurse expect to see while assessing the growth of children during their school-age years? A. Decreasing amounts of body fat and muscle mass B. Little change in body appearance from year to year C. Progressive height increase of 4 inches each year D. Yearly weight gain of about 5.5 pounds per year
D. Yearly weight gain of about 5.5 pounds per year
The nurse is caring for a 27-year-old female client with venous stasis ulcer. Which nursing intervention would be most effective in promoting healing? A. Apply dressing using sterile technique B. Improve the client's nutrition status C. Initiate limb compression therapy D. Begin proteolytic debridement
status Venous stasis occurs when venous blood collects and stagnates in the lower leg due to incompetent venous valves. Eventually, little oxygen and nutrients are supplied to the cells of the lower extremities causing the cells to die or necrose. This ultimately leads to the formation of venous stasis ulcers characterized by shallow but large brown wounds with irregular margins that typically develop on the lower leg or ankle. The goal of clinical management in a client with venous stasis ulcers is to promote healing. This only can be accomplished with proper nutrition.
