praxis math

standard deviation

a computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score (is equal to the square root of the variance)

independent variable

a condition or piece of data in an experiment that can be controlled or changed

dependent variable

a condition or piece of data in an experiment that is controlled or influenced by an outside factor

simple random sampling (SRS)

a type of random sampling where the variables have an equal and unsystematic chance of selection

slope

In algebra, the _________ , or the rate of change, of the line describes both its steepness and its length

Conditional probability

finding the probability of an event occurring based on a previous event already taking place

normal distribution

a bell-shaped curve, describing the spread of a characteristic throughout a population (represented when the majority of the data is found close to the average of the set)

permutation

a method to calculate the number of events occurring where order matters

sample

a part of a population used to describe the whole group

random samples

a sequence of equally distributed variables

Dependent events

events in which the previous attempts affect the outcome of subsequent events

range

found by adding and subtracting the standard deviation from the mean

Combination Formula

nCr = n! / r! * (n - r)! (n represents the total number of items, and r represents the number of items being chosen at a time)

Permutation Formula

nPr = n!/(n-r)! (n represents the number of items to choose from and r represents how many items are being chosen)

variance

the average of each distance from the mean squared (subtract the mean from each measurement then square it ; the square of the standard deviation)

negative correlation

the dependent variables and independent variables in a data set either increase or decrease opposite from one another

positive correlation

the dependent variables and independent variables in a data set increase or decrease together

correlation

the relationship between two sets of variables used to describe or predict information

Causation

when an observed event or action appears to have caused a second event or action