Prelude 5: Music as Passion and Individualism

Artists and writers in the nineteenth century turned to Italy and Spain as well as Asian and the Far East for inspiration. These locales were considered _______.

exotic

Romantic poets and artists were drawn to

the fanciful, picturesque, and the passionate.

Which of the following characterize Romanticism in music and which do not? *use of folk songs *chromatic harmony *limited dynamic range *expanded instrumental forms *decreased size of the orchestra

Correct *use of folk songs *expanded instrumental forms *chromatic harmony Incorrect *decreased size of the orchestra *limited dynamic range

The _______ Revolution brought with it the means to create more _______ and responsive musical instruments as well as technical _______ that influenced the sound of Romantic music.

Industrial; affordable; improvements

An increasingly democratic characters was reflected in a. All possible answers. b. interest in peasants, workers, and children. c. sympathy for the oppressed. d. faith in humankind.

a. All possible answers.

Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel a. All possible answers. b. was known for her songs. c. was known for her piano music. d. hosted salon concerts in her home.

a. All possible answers.

The addition of instruments to the Romantic orchestra meant new drama in music through a. All possible answers b. varied timbres. c. sweeping contrasts in dynamics. d. extended high and low ranges.

a. All possible answers.

During the Romantic era, the following women were significant as patrons and friends to composers except a. Barbara Strozzi b. Nadezhda von Meck c. George Sand d. Carolyn Sayn-Wittgenstein

a. Barbara Strozzi

Which did NOT occur as a result of the Industrial Revolution? a. Instruments became too expensive for middle class musicians to purchase. b. Instruments became more affordable. c. Instruments became more responsive. d. Technical improvements influenced the sound of Romantic music.

a. Instruments became too expensive for middle class musicians to purchase.

Which does NOT apply to Romantic-era orchestral works? a. predictability of musical form and procedure b. new orchestral forms c. expanded Classical-era forms d. increased interest in orchestration

a. predictability of musical form and procedure

Romantic composers a. used expressive terms like dolce, cantabile, and dolente. b. All possible answers. c. left expressive interpretations entirely to the performers. d. did not include expressive indications in their musical scores.

a. used expressive terms like dolce, cantabile, and dolente.

Which famous slogan is attributed to Jean-Jacques Rousseau? a. "Give me liberty, or give me death." b. "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" c. "If I am not better, at least I am different." d. "I am the State."

c. "If I am not better, at least I am different."

Which of the following was NOT a new instrument added to the Romantic orchestra? a. contrabassoon b. tuba c. oboe d. English horn

c. oboe

Which describes the Bohemian artist? a. affluent b. optimistic c. rejected dreamer d. adhered to social norms

c. rejected dreamer

Composers of the Romantic ear were interested in all of the following EXCEPT a. more chromatic and dissonant harmonies. b. varied tone color/timbre. c. smaller orchestras. d. new orchestral genres.

c. smaller orchestras.

The large size of the Romantic orchestra resulted in the need for a ________.

conductor

The rising tide of nationalism in the Romantic era was expressed through a. enriched melodic, harmonic, and rhythmic language. b. increased use of folk songs and dances. c. a diversity of nationalistic expressions. d. All possible answers.

d. All possible answers.

Which is NOT true of performers of the Romantic era? a. The conductor became an important figure. b. Women had more opportunities. c. Star performers were idolized by the public. d. Most performance opportunities took place in the palace or aristocratic salon.

d. Most performance opportunities took place in the palace or aristocratic salon.

Which describes Romantic melodies? a. symmetrical, four-bar phrases b. elegant, tuneful c. basic meters, steady tempos d. marked lyricism, immediate appeal

d. marked lyricism, immediate appeal

Romantics artists emphasized a. All possible answers. b. logic and order. c. pomp and splendor. d. intense emotional expression.

intense emotional expression.

Romantic-era melodies are best described as ______.

lyrical and singable

What technique of setting music for instruments in various combinations developed in Romantic music?

orchestration

In the nineteenth century, new orchestral forms were developed including the one-movement _______, and the choral ________.

symphonic poem; symphony

The French Revolution signaled the transfer of power from the hereditary landholding aristocracy to whom?

the middle class

Which of the following are Romantic-era composers? *Clara Wieck Schumann *Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel *George Sand *Nedezhda von Meck

*Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel *Clara Wieck Schumann

Which of these Romantic-era works is considered to have an "exotic" narrative? *Madame Butterfly *Brahm's Symphony No. 2 *Aida

*Madame Butterfly *Aida

Which of these authors wrote during the Romantic era? *Victor Hugo *Walter Scott *William Shakespeare

*Walter Scott *Victor Hugo

How did women exert influence on the creation of music in the nineteenth century?

*by hosting salon concerts *by supporting composers as patrons of the arts *by composing music

Which of the following are tenets of Romanticism? *artist struggling against society and convention *self-conscious break from the ideals of the Enlightenment *artworks display creator's originality and self-expression *reverence of unity and proportion of ancient architecture and fine arts

*self-conscious break from the ideals of the Enlightenment *artist struggling against society and convention *artworks display creator's originality and self-expression

True or false: Romantic composers rarely used dynamic markings and other expressive comments in their scores to communicate their intentions to musicians.

False

True or false: The Bohemian artist adhered to the social norms of the establishment.

False

Novelist George Sand (pseudonym of Amantine-Lucile-Aurore Dupin) played a key role in which composer's career? *Frederic Chopin *Franz Liszt *Clara Schumann

Frederic Chopin

German lyric poetry culminated in the art of ________, who was a favorite poet of Romantic composers.

Heinrich Heine

Which of the following were new instruments added to the Romantic orchestra and which were already present in the Classical orchestra? *piccolo *contrabassoon *viola *French horn *English horn

New to the Romantic orchestra *contrabassoon *piccolo *English horn Already present in the Classical orchestra *French horn *viola

Who of the following played a key role in Franz Liszt's career? *Nedezhda von Meck *George Sand *Princess Carolyne Sayn-Wittgenstein

Princess Carolyne Sayn-Wittgenstein

True or false: Characteristics of nineteenth-century Romanticism reveal a self-conscious break from the past.

True

True or false: In the later 1800s, the gap between "light music" for entertainment and "art music" for serious listening resulted in the categories of "popular" and "classical" music in the century to come.

True

True or false: Musicians and composers achieved a higher social status during the Romantic era than they had in the Classical era.

True

True or false: Nationalistic feelings inspired Romantic composers to incorporate folk songs and dances from their native lands into their works.

True

True or false: The French Revolution fostered the rise of a middle-class society.

True

Who of the following women was a successful composer? a. Carolyn Sayn-Wittgenstein b. Clara Wieck Schumann c. Nadezhda von Meck d. George Sand

b. Clara Wieck Schumann

Romantic themes include all of these EXCEPT a. conflict between the individual and society. b. Greek mythology. c. the supernatural. d. glamorization of the past.

b. Greek mythology.