Prep U Ch 23 Asepsis and infection control

The client presents to the Emergency Department reporting fever, chills, and a productive cough. The chest x-ray shows an area of infiltrate, and the primary care provider prescribes a broad spectrum antibiotic. Which client teaching statement from the nurse is most appropriate regarding the prescribed drug?

"This antibiotic is the best choice since the causative organism is not known."

The nurse determines that which of the following clients is at greatest risk for a *wound* infection?

A two-day postoperative client

The nurse is caring for a college student with meningococcal meningitis. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

droplet precautions

A client on a surgical unit has developed an infection at the site of a diagnostic laparoscopy. This type of infection is best termed as which of the following?

iatrogenic

normal WBC count

4,500 to 11,000

A 34-year-old woman is pregnant with her first child. The nurse notices on her lab results that she is not immune to rubella. When is it most imperative that the client protect herself from a rubella infection?

First trimester

Which patient in which phase of infection would the nurse consider the most infectious?

a patient in the prodromal stage

A client with HIV is the:

carrier

The nurse is caring for a client with a surgical wound. Which action by the nurse best reduces the reservoir of infection?

change soiled dressing

Which of the following clients should the nurse determine is at greatest risk for vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) infection?

client who is receiving chemotherapy

Which of the following clients should the nurse determine to be at the greatest risk for hospital-acquired infection (HAI)?

client with urinary catheter

The nurse is assisting a client with a history of vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE). What precaution should the nurse implement?

contact

A nurse is providing care to a client diagnosed with impetigo. The nurse would institute which type of infection control?

contact precautions

The school nurse is teaching teenagers about ways in which HIV can be transmitted. Which methods of infection transmission will the nurse teach? (Select all that apply.)

contact with blood via sexual contact contact with wound openings via mucous membranes via syringes shared between the client and other

The nurse is caring for a pediatric client with whooping cough. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

droplet

An older adult client has been receiving care in a two-bed room that he has shared with another older, male client for the past several days. Two days ago, the client's roommate developed diarrhea that was characteristic of Clostridium difficile. This morning, the client himself was awakened early by similar diarrhea. The client may have developed which type of infection?

exogenous health care associated

The nurse is caring for a postpartum mother who delivered her second child yesterday. The mother states her older child has just been diagnosed with chickenpox. She is concerned her newborn will develop the disease. How will the nurse likely respond?

have you had chicken pox?

A patient has sought care because of a knee wound that appears to have become infected. Which of the following processes is a component of the cellular stage of inflammation that occurred earlier in his body's response to infection?

infectious disease

The nurse explains to the client that the first line of defense against infection is:

intact skin and mucous membranes.

A patient has sought care because of a knee wound that appears to have become infected. Which of the following processes is a component of the cellular stage of inflammation that occurred earlier in his body's response to infection?

migration of leukocytes to the area of the wound

The nurse is caring for a client that has a colonized infection. What assessment data does the nurse anticipate collecting?

no signs or symptoms

A nurse is working with a 55-year-old woman diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This nurse also has another client today who has an upper respiratory infection. What is the most important thing the nurse can do to prevent the client with HIV from acquiring the upper respiratory infection?

perform hand hygiene before and after entering and exiting the clients room

A client has a systemic infection that resulted from an untreated urinary tract infection. The client has malaise and is confused. The client is:

septic.

When the client who has been diagnosed with hepatitis B has been hospitalized, the type of isolation the nursing staff should observe is

standard precautions

The nurse is caring for an older adult with pneumonia. Which assessment finding requires immediate nursing intervention?

the client is more difficult to arouse

The nurse performs hand hygiene with soap and water before caring for a client. What is the primary rationale for this action?

to eliminate disease producing organisms from the nurse's skin

What is the most common client site for development of healthcare-associated infections (HAI)?

urinary tract

Which factor has contributed to resistant microbial strains?

use of antibiotics in clients with viral infections

A nurse is providing care to a client who has Salmonella food poisoning. The nurse understands that this pathogen was transmitted by which mechanism?

vehicle

A nurse is caring for a client with rubella. Which nursing action is an important precaution to be taken when caring for this client?

wearing a mask when working within 3 feet (1 m) of the client

The patient has asked the nurse to explain her WBC level of 8,000 cells/mm3. The nurse would identify the level of WBCs as:

within normal limits

After the nurse has set up a sterile field for a dressing change, the nurse realizes that an essential item has been forgotten. How should the nurse proceed?

Ask another staff member to bring the forgotten item.

A nurse is conscientious about implementing the principles of asepsis while providing care for clients. The principles of asepsis include which of the following?

Blood and body fluids are major reservoirs for microorganisms.

When discontinuing use of a gown in the care of a client in droplet precautions, which method does the nurse use to dispose of this personal protective equipment (PPE)?

Fold soiled side to the inside and roll with inner surface exposed.

A nurse is about to enter the room of a client with a strain of influenza A. The nurse prepares to don her PPE. Which would be appropriate? Select all that apply.

Gloves Gown Mask with face shield

The nurse is asked to check the unit's supply of personal protective equipment (PPE) to see if additional equipment needs to be ordered from central supply. The nurse should assess the level of which of the following types of equipment? (Select ALL that apply.) Masks Sterile gloves Non-sterile gloves Gowns Protective eye wear

Non-sterile gloves Masks Gowns Protective eye wear

A nurse practitioner is setting up a sterile field to perform a biopsy on a client. Which actions follow recommended guidelines for this procedure? Select all that apply.

The nurse considers the outer 1-in (2.5-cm) edge of the sterile field to be contaminated. The nurse discards a sterile field when a portion of it becomes contaminated. The nurse calls for help when realizing a supply is missing.

After providing care to a client, the nurse is disposing of waste materials. Which waste would the nurse identify as injurious waste? Select all that apply.

Used fingerstick lancet Used syringe with attached needle

A team of nurses is caring for a client with tuberculosis. They have not been fitted an N95 respirator. How will the team proceed with care?

Utilize a powered air, purifying respirator (PAPR).

A nurse is caring for a child who is hospitalized for diphtheria. Which guideline would be appropriate when caring for this client?

Wear PPE when entering the room for all interactions that may involve contact with the client.