Prep U Med/Surg Chapter 30

A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with ascites, secondary to cirrhosis. The nurse understands that the fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity results from a combination of factors including an alteration in oncotic pressure gradients and increased capillary permeability. Therefore, the nurse monitors the serum level of the plasma protein responsible for maintaining oncotic pressure, which is:

Albumin.

The physician performs a bone marrow biopsy from the posterior iliac crest on a client with pancytopenia. What intervention should the nurse perform after the procedure?

Apply pressure over the site for 5-7 minutes

A nurse is performing an initial assessment and notes the client's skin is a gray-tan color, especially on the scars of the client's arms. Which hematological condition does the nurse suspect?

Hemochromatosis

A patient who has long-term packed RBC (PRBC) transfusions has developed symptoms of iron toxicity that affect liver function. What immediate treatment should the nurse anticipate preparing the patient for that can help prevent organ damage?

Iron chelation therapy

A client in acute renal failure has been prescribed 2 units of packed red blood cells (PRBCs). The nurse explains to the client that the blood transfusion is most likely needed for which of the following reasons?

Lack of erythropoietin

The nurse is preparing a patient for a bone marrow aspiration and biopsy from the site of the posterior superior iliac crest. What position will the nurse place the patient in?

Lateral position with one leg flexed

Which type of lymphocyte is responsible for cellular immunity?

T lymphocyte

A client comes into the emergency department reporting an enlarged tongue. The tongue appears smooth and beefy red in color. The nurse also observes a 5-cm incision on the upper left quadrant of the abdomen. When questioned, the client states, "I had a partial gastrostomy 2 years ago." Based on this information, the nurse attributes these symptoms to which problem?

Vitamin B12 deficiency

The nurse recognizes that the most common cause of iron deficiency anemia in an adult is

bleeding

A client with a history of sickle cell anemia has developed iron overload from repeated blood transfusions. What treatment does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed?

Chelation therapy

A client with severe anemia is admitted to the hospital. Because of religious beliefs, the client is refusing blood transfusions. The nurse anticipates pharmacologic therapy with which drug to stimulate the production of red blood cells?

Epoetin alfa

Which blood cell type is matched correctly with its function?

Leukocyte: Fights infection

Albumin is important for the maintenance of fluid balance within the vascular system. Albumin is produced by which of the following?

Liver

Which cell of hematopoiesis is responsible for the production of red blood cells (RBCs) and platelets?

Myeloid stem cell

Which is a symptom of severe thrombocytopenia?

Petechiae

A nurse, caring for a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), reviews the patient's differential WBC count to check the level of which of the following?

T lymphocytes