Prep You Chapter 30

A client is receiving phenylephrine via intramuscular injection. The nurse would expect the drug to begin acting in approximately which amount of time?

10 to 15 minutes

Which herbs has been removed from most weight-loss medications due to potential legal liability?

Ephedra

A nurse in the intensive care unit is caring for a client in shock and has started IV administration of dopamine (Intropin). For a client in shock, dopamine helps to:

increase blood pressure.

Which patient should be advised by the nurse to avoid over-the-counter cold and allergy preparations that contain phenylephrine?

A 47-year-old female with hypertension

A nurse is monitoring the vital signs of a patient who has been administered epinephrine. Which of the readings should nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider?

Systolic blood pressure below 100 mm Hg

The adrenergic branch of the autonomic nervous system is also known by which name?

Sympathetic nervous system

Which medication will most likely be administered to a client experiencing anaphylaxis?

epinephrine

The nurse is teaching a client about safe use of adrenergic drugs. Which statement should be included in the teaching?

"Talk to your health care provider before taking any other medications."

A client is being treated for asthma. What would the nurse expect to administer?

Beta-2-specific adrenergic agonist

Which of the following adrenergic receptors is responsible for the vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels?

α1 receptors

Which of the following adrenergic receptors is responsible for increased heart rate and increased force of myocardial contraction?

β1 receptors

The nurse knows that which class of drugs prevents epinephrine and norepinephrine from occupying receptor sites on the cell membranes?

Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs

A patient has been administered dobutamine HCL. Which adverse reactions should the nurse monitor for in the patient?

Cardiac arrhythmias

A 21-year-old man experienced massive trauma and blood loss during a motorcycle accident and has been started on a dopamine infusion upon his arrival at the hospital. In light of this drug treatment, what assessment should the care team prioritize?

Cardiac monitoring

A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who is to be administered isoproterenol. Which change monitored in the patient should the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider?

Changes in pulse rate

Which would the nurse identify as a naturally occurring catecholamine?

Dopamine

A patient suffers from bronchial asthma. Which medication is a mixed-acting adrenergic drug?

Ephedrine

A patient with diabetes who receives an alpha-specific adrenergic agonist is at risk for hypoglycemia. (T/F)

FALSE

Alpha- and beta-specific adrenergic agonists are primarily used to treat obstructive pulmonary conditions. (T/F)

FALSE

An increased dosage of digoxin would be needed if the patient is also taking midodrine. (T/F)

FALSE

Which is expected after the administration of an adrenergic medication such as epinephrine? (Select all that apply.)

Increased heart rate Vasoconstriction

After reviewing the routes of administration for beta-specific adrenergic agonists, a group of students demonstrate the need for additional study when they identify isoproterenol as being administered by which route?

Oral

The nurse is assessing a patient who is receiving clonidine. Which might the nurse assess?

Photophobia

Patients who are receiving alpha-specific adrenergic agents should not stop taking the drug abruptly.

True

Phentolamine is the agent used to treat extravasation of dobutamine. T/F

True

Prior to beginning therapy with an adrenergic agent, the nurse would expect to obtain what assessments? (Select all that apply.)

Vital signs Urinalysis Blood glucose

What is the expected outcome when phenylephrine is administered? Select all that apply.

increased systolic blood pressure increased diastolic blood pressure decreased renal perfusion

A client is administered epinephrine in conjunction with a local anesthetic. What effect will epinephrine produce?

increased vasoconstrictive effects

Which client is most likely to benefit from the administration of an adrenergic agonist?

A man who is in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction

Which receptor does phenylephrine stimulate?

Alpha1

A client receives a beta-specific agonist. What would lead the nurse to determine that the drug is effective?

Bronchodilation

What would a nurse expect to administer if a client who is receiving isoproterenol develops a severe reaction?

Beta-adrenergic blockers

The nurse is administering an adrenergic agonist to a client. The nurse realizes that this medication will cause stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Which effects will it produce? Select all that apply.

Bronchodilation Decreased bladder tone

Which agent would the nurse identify as being available in a transdermal form?

Clonidine

A nurse is caring for a 25-year-old client who is being given an adrenergic drug for shock. Which action should the nurse do?

Continually assess the client for physiological changes and notify the primary care provider with changes.

A nurse suspects that a client is experiencing shock based on which assessments? Select all that apply.

Cyanosis Disorientation Tachypnea

An instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of students about adrenergic agonists. Which would the nurse include as an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist?

Epinephrine

Which would the nurse expect to be given to a client experiencing acute bronchospasm?

Epinephrine

The nurse is reviewing the history of a patient who is to receive midodrine. Which would alert the nurse to a contraindication for the drug?

Glaucoma

A male client is prescribed an adrenergic ophthalmic medication. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Hypertension may be a side effect of the medication.

Which assessment finding would indicate to the nurse that the administered isoproterenol is effective?

Improved cardiac contractility

Which is an effect of epinephrine?

Increased heart rate

A patient is receiving salmeterol. The nurse would expect this drug to be given by which route?

Inhalation

Which adverse effect might a client receiving clonidine exhibit? (Select all that apply.)

Photophobia Personality changes Difficulty urinating

The nurse knows that what is an added benefit of epinephrine in cardiac arrest situations due to asystole or pulseless electrical activity?

Stimulates electrical and mechanical activity

The nurse is administering epinephrine IV push. The nurse checks for patency of the IV prior to administration of the drug. The nurse realizes that if the IV is infiltrated, the medication will result in tissue extravasation. What is the reason for such an occurrence?

The medication causes vasoconstriction, limiting the blood flow to the area.

A client has an IV of dopamine administered in the right arm. The IV becomes dislodged from the vein and dopamine has been being given in the surrounding tissue instead of the vein. The nurse should stop the IV and:

administer phentolamine (an alpha adrenergic blocking drug) to the site to minimize necrosis.

A priority nursing assessment for a client who is to receive an alpha- or beta-adrenergic agonist would be to which action?

assess heart rate.

A nurse would instruct a patient to apply a clonidine patch at which frequency?

every 7 days

An adrenergic drug would be prescribed to produce what physiological effect?

increased heart rate

A client is taking an OTC allergy product. The nurse would expect to find that this product most likely contains:

phenylephrine

Adrenergic medications such as epinephrine and dopamine are commonly used for in the treatment of clients in which places? Select all that apply.)

Dentist's office Intensive care unit Emergency department

The nurse is admitting a client with injuries following a bicycle crash. When reviewing the client's pre-admission medication regimen, the nurse reads that the client takes formoterol twice daily. When planning this client's care, the nurse should include:

frequent respiratory assessments.

The intravenous line of a client receiving dobutamine infiltrates and the drug extravasates. The nurse would infiltrate the site with:

phentolamine

Which adrenergic receptor is responsible for vasodilation of peripheral vessels and bronchodilation?

β2 receptors