PrepU Chapter 29: Management of Patients With Complications from Heart Disease
A client has had an echocardiogram to measure ejection fracton. The nurse explains that ejection fraction is the percentage of blood the left ventricle ejects upon contraction. What is the typical percentage of blood a healthy heart ejects?
55%
The nursing instructor is teaching their clinical group how to assess a client for congestive heart failure. How would the instructor teach the students to assess a client with congestive heart failure for nocturnal dyspnea?
By questioning how many pillows the client normally uses for sleep
A client with heart failure reports a sudden change in the ability to perceive colors. The client reports nausea, and assessment reveals an irregular pulse of 39 beats per minute. What is the nurse's best action?
Report the possibility of digitalis toxicity to the care provider promptly
A client with right-sided heart failure is admitted to the medical-surgical unit. What information obtained from the client may indicate the presence of edema?
The client says his rings have become tight and are difficult to remove.
A client diagnosed with heart failure presents with a temperature of 99.1° F, pulse 100 beats/minute, respirations 42 breaths/minute, BP 110/50 mm Hg; crackles in both lung bases; nausea; and pulse oximeter reading of 89%. Which finding indicates a need for immediate attention?
lung congestion
Which of the following is a key diagnostic laboratory test for heart failure?
B-type natriuretic peptide
The nurse is developing a plan of care for a client following pericardiocentesis. Which interventions should the nurse implement? Choose all that apply.
-Monitor heart and lung sounds. -Evaluate the cardiac rhythm. -Record fluid output. -Assess vital signs every 15 minutes for the first hour.
total artificial heart (TAH) is an electrically powered pump that circulates blood into the pulmonary artery and the aorta, thus replacing the functions of both the right and left ventricles. What makes it different from an LVAD?
An LVAD only supports a failing left ventricle.
A client is returning from the operating room after inguinal hernia repair. The nurse notes that he has fluid volume excess from the operation and is at risk for left-sided heart failure. Which sign or symptom indicates left-sided heart failure?
Bibasilar crackles
A client with heart failure is having a decrease in cardiac output. What indication does the nurse have that this is occurring?
Blood pressure 80/46 mm Hg
A client is already being treated for hypertension. The doctor is concerned about the potential for heart failure, and has the client return for regular check-ups. What does hypertension have to do with heart failure?
Hypertension causes the heart's chambers to enlarge and weaken.
A nurse caring for a client recently admitted to the ICU observes the client coughing up large amounts of pink, frothy sputum. Lung auscultation reveals course crackles to lower lobes bilaterally. Based on this assessment, the nurse recognizes this client is developing
decompensated heart failure with pulmonary edema.
