Principles of Public Speaking practice exam 2

Harry is having trouble glancing up from his speaking outline during his speech. When he looks away from his outline, he loses his place. What characteristic of a speaking outline would help Harry to make better eye contact with the audience?

Visually easy to follow.

Movement during a speech should be...

purposeful and land somewhere.

Richard would like to draw attention to a specific phrase in a quotation on his slide. What is the best way to do that?

Make the phrase bolder, bigger, or a different color.

What is the best way to use notecards?

Make them after your outline and number them.

Joseph is not sure if his slide has too much information, so he asks Monica to review the slide and tell Joseph as soon as she understands it. How long should it take Monica to understand the slide?

3 seconds

Next week, Amanda is delivering a speech the school board in favor of raising the minimum wage. Amanda's school board as well as most of the school's employees are salaried. What must Amanda provide in her introduction in order to gain credibility and retain her audience's attention?

A reason to listen.

Which of the following is an example of a paired-sequence organizational pattern? A speech about the advantages of crop pairing in gardening. An informative speech about gene sequencing. A speech to persuade the audience to adopt guinea pigs in pairs, since they're social animals. A speech about the advantages and disadvantages of organic agriculture.

A speech about the advantages and disadvantages of organic agriculture.

Dwight's Public Speaking teacher has assigned an annotated bibliography as part of his speech assignment. What is an annotated bibliography?

An annotated bibliography is a list of all Dwight's sources, including full citation information, with notes on how the source could be used.

A new person was hired as the director of Harris' department. Harris was part of the hiring team. At the first meeting of the whole team, Harris introduced the speaker. What kind of speech did Harris give?

An informative speech about a person.

Asa was asked to introduce a political candidate in her ward. What kind of speech will she be giving?

An informative speech about a person.

Jamie is giving a persuasive speech in class about gun control. He found a very violent and graphic picture that he thinks may help to enhance his argument. What question is most relevant for Jamie to consider when deciding whether or not to use his visual aid?

Are the visuals appealing and suitable for the occasion? (in this case, NO)

Jean's first speech to her class is on Monday. Her speech is about her hometown. In class and at work, Jean usually carries around or displays a few bobble heads. She is a big collector and believes that her bobble heads help people to remember her. She would like to display her favorite television character bobble head while she gives her speech so that the class will have a way to remember her. What question is most relevant for Jean to decide if her bobble head will enhance her speech?

Are the visuals you have in mind relevant to your topic?

Rita will be speaking for 10 minutes to an audience of 200 people. She has a handout that she would like to use. When should she distribute it?

At the end of her presentation.

In Jordan's speech, he says "Now that I've discussed gum health, I will now explain how you should floss every night." What language pitfall has Jordan failed to avoid?

Avoiding collective pronouns ("I've discussed," "I will," "you should," etc.)

Miles is giving a persuasive speech about voting by mail. He's decided that the best structure for his speech would be a problem-solution format. Which of the following would be the best way to phrase his central idea? The U.S. should have universal vote-by-mail since it's easy, secure, and constitutional. Universal vote-by-mail should worry all of us, since it will lead to widespread voter fraud. If we had universal vote-by-mail in the U.S., voters would have plenty of time to research their options and would be able to make more informed use of their most important civic responsibility. Because many working people aren't able to take time off on election day to vote, vote-by-mail is crucial if we want to encourage full civic participation.

Because many working people aren't able to take time off on election day to vote, vote-by-mail is crucial if we want to encourage full civic participation.The most important questions a speaker should ask before they speak at a particular location is

Sara's total speech is 8 minutes long. How long should her introduction last? (HINT: 10-15%)

Between 48 - 72 seconds

Which part of the body's speaking mechanisms controls the quality of the vocal sounds produced by the speaker?

Breath control.

When determining what an informative topic should be, John decided to survey his classmates. Why might someone do this?

By surveying the audience, John will learn what his classmates like or do not like. Then, John can pick a topic that the group will find interesting.

Allison is delivering a speech about organ donation to a large audience of over 300 people. The room in which she is speaking is very large with no stage. While she will have a microphone, there will be no other technology available. What question is most relevant for Allison to decide if her presentation will be enhanced by a visual aid?

Can all of the viewers see your visuals from anywhere in the room?

You were asked to present an informative speech on your trip to Greece. To organize your speech, you might use which organizational pattern?

Chronological, spatial, or biographical

Cory has a few slides that have bulleted text. He wants to only reveal one bullet at a time as he is referencing that bullet. What is the simplest way to make text appear on his slide one bullet at a time?

Click on the text box that contains the bullets, then select an entrance effect in Animations, then click on effect options to select "by paragraph"

Matthew describes a hypothetical scenario in speech where he refers to a "stewardess" on an airplane. Which language pitfall did Matthew fail to avoid?

Exclusionary language (the proper term is "flight attendant")

Which speech method of delivery should be used in most situations?

Extemporaneous

Julia would like to create more white space in her slide. What is an effective method to do so?

Follow the rule of thirds.

Cheri puts her hand in her pockets and looks down at the ground when speaking. What can she add to improve her speech delivery?

Gestures and eye contact.

Ian received feedback that the language he used to describe a group of people in his speech could be considered offensive. Ian carefully reviewed his language before delivering his speech and did not find anything offensive. His language has been used to describe that group since he was young. What could Ian have done to identify his language pitfall before he delivered his speech?

He could ask another person to review his speech for potential language pitfalls. (never underestimate a peer review, people!)

Dylan and Shumi are talking about their classmate's autobiographical speech about working on an Alaskan fishing boat. Dylan says "that was an incredible story, but I'm not sure what I should take away from it other than the sense that I wouldn't last long on an Alaskan fishing boat.'" What has Dylan and Shumi's classmate failed to do?

He hasn't shown how the audience can learn or benefit from his experience.

To be credible with his audience, Thomas researched his informative speech topic. What should he consider when reviewing the supporting materials he finds?

He needs to make sure the supporting materials are accurate, authoritative, and unbiased.

Jarrod is a square-dance instructor. In his classroom speech, he has 10 minutes to demonstrate 12 different steps that he'd like to teach his audience. Which strategy does Jarrod need to address to best demonstrate his topic?

He should make the parts short and succinct.

What should you ask yourself in order to give an audience-centered autobiographical speech?

How can my audience benefit from my experience?

What MLA citation is in the correct order? Hudson-Smith, Andrew, Michael Batty, Andrew Crooks, and Richard Milton. Social Science Computer Review, "Mapping for the Masses: Accessing Web 2.0 Through Crowdsourcing," 27, 2009, pp. 524-538. Hudson-Smith, Andrew, Michael Batty, Andrew Crooks, and Richard Milton. (2009). "Mapping for the Masses: Accessing Web 2.0 Through Crowdsourcing." Social Science Computer Review, 27, pp. 524-538. Hudson-Smith, Andrew, Michael Batty, Andrew Crooks, and Richard Milton. "Mapping for the Masses: Accessing Web 2.0 Through Crowdsourcing." Social Science Computer Review, pp. 524-538, 27, 2009. Hudson-Smith, Andrew, Michael Batty, Andrew Crooks, and Richard Milton. "Mapping for the Masses: Accessing Web 2.0 Through Crowdsourcing." Social Science Computer Review, 27, 2009, pp. 524-538.

Hudson-Smith, Andrew, Michael Batty, Andrew Crooks, and Richard Milton. "Mapping for the Masses: Accessing Web 2.0 Through Crowdsourcing." Social Science Computer Review, 27, 2009, pp. 524-538.

Which one of these central ideas uses a topical organizational pattern? Procrastination is a major problem that students face. One of the best ways to overcome procrastination is through journaling. Tiny Free Libraries are fun to build and add a bit of interest and joy to a boring sidewalk. You can build your own Tiny Free Library in four easy steps. Wind turbines have been blamed for mass bird deaths, but a much more prolific killer may be sitting in your lap. Cats are the number one killer of birds in the U.S. by a wide margin, and they must be stopped. In recent years there has been a tendency to blame video games for all sorts of social ills. These attacks are unfair because video games actually promote teamwork and communication, appeal to a diverse group of consumers, and have not been shown to lead to violent or aggressive behavior.

In recent years there has been a tendency to blame video games for all sorts of social ills. These attacks are unfair because video games actually promote teamwork and communication, appeal to a diverse group of consumers, and have not been shown to lead to violent or aggressive behavior.

Al Gore, in his famous lecture "An Inconvenient Truth," shows a lone, hungry, and likely dying Polar Bear to represent the impact of Global Warming. How has Gore's visual aid enhanced his presentation?

It has built an emotional connection.

Gary's speech was about wealth distribution in the United States. Since his audience may not be able to contextualize the amount of wealth that Jeff Bezos has, he decided to show a comparison picture between the wealth of the average US citizen and that of Bezos in grains of rice. How did Gary's visual aid enhance his presentation?

It has explained an abstract idea.

A preliminary bibliography serves what purpose?

It is used to track the variety and number of sources used in your speech.

In Archie's introduction speech to his class, he will mention his time in the Air Force. He has chosen to wear his Air Force Dress Uniform for his speech. How will Archie's Dress Uniform impact his speech?

It will build his credibility.

Jack must give an impromptu speech of introduction on his first day of college in his speech class. How should he organize his thoughts?

Jack should follow the basic speech formula with a beginning, middle, and end and use a few simple notes.

Jerri was tasked with orienting a new employee to the company. What objective would Jerri have when creating an informative session for the new employee?

Jerri wants to explain the company's culture.

Josh is taking night classes. He attended a lecture that explained how evolution worked. Josh listened to what kind of informative speech?

Josh listened to a speech about a concept.

Jude recently started a new job in a department store. He will need to learn about various types of makeup. Before he starts his job, he is expected to give a product description speech to his supervisor and colleagues to make sure he knows the product well. What type of informative speech is Jude giving?

Jude is providing information about objects.

Samantha will be giving a workshop at a local yarn store about knitting. The sign-up questionnaire indicates that most of the participants have very little experience with knitting, although a few have tried knitting once or twice in the past. Which of the following would be a good title for Samantha's workshop?

Knitting Basics: Everything You Need to Make Your First Scarf.

At her local comics convention, Rakia is speaking on a panel about transgender superheroes. Many of the audience members are dressed in the costumes of the characters being discussed, and the whole audience greets the panel with a huge round of applause. Which category of pre-existing knowledge does this audience probably represent?

Knowledgeable about the topic. (dang they really called me out like that huh)

Richard double checks that he has a transition between each major point in his speech. What characteristic of a speech preparation outline can help Richard identify his transitions?

Labelled sections

Jonas is a car salesperson. He is going to present the newest Subaru model to his coworkers. As he prepares his presentation, what kind of language should he try to use?

Language at the appropriate technical level for his audience.

Allison ends her speech with, "So today, we learned about the challenges facing new college graduates by first examining the job market, then financial realities, and finally the changing status of accreditation. And...that's it. Thank you." Which purpose of the conclusion has Allison failed to fulfill?

Leave the audience with a clear take away.

Jacinda's speech is 10 minutes long. How much time using video clips is appropriate over the course of her speech?

Less than 1 minute.

Pacing back and forth during a speech usually creates what feeling for the audience?

Nervousness.

(UNANSWERED) Ellison knows how important it is to balance her source perspectives, as well as how often each source is used. Which of the following strategies is NOT USEFUL for Ellison to use in her preliminary bibliography to help her achieve this balance?

OPTIONS: Add a symbol to a source for each time it is used more than once. Assign font colors to represent the perspective of sources. (INCORRECT) Indicate the type of information she used from each source. Provide annotations to her Works Cited in her preliminary bibliography.

(UNANSWERED) Jason's speech is 10 minutes long. How long should his conclusion last?

OPTIONS: Between 15 - 30 seconds Between 45 - 75 seconds Between 60 - 90 seconds (INCORRECT) Between 30 - 60 seconds

(UNANSWERED) What type of concluding device is the following sentence? "The next time you consider where you'll retire, imagine having, literally, the entire universe as an option - will it be adventurous Mars, serene Venus, or upon a ship destined to continue exploring?"

OPTIONS: Call to action Quotation Rhetorical Question (INCORRECT) Visualize the future

(UNANSWERED) There are three possible objectives for informative speaking. What are these?

OPTIONS: Describing, Teaching, and Persuading. (INCORRECT) Debating, Explaining, and Teaching. Explaining, Describing, and Reading. Explaining, Teaching, and Describing.

(UNANSWERED) Charles began his speech with a strong attention getting device, used audience analysis to explain how the topic affected his audience, and provided a clear thesis. However, although the audience liked him, they failed to view him as competent. What is the most likely reason that Charles failed to establish credibility with the audience?

OPTIONS: He did not state why he was qualified to deliver this speech. (INCORRECT) He seemed too young to be speaking about his topic. He did not articulate why his topic is important. He did not provide a preview of his main points.

(UNANSWERED) Aiden has a slide with his main points as bullet points as well as a slide with his subpoints for each main point in order to help the audience (and Aiden) follow the organization of the speech. How can Aiden reduce information to enhance his slides?

OPTIONS: He should add more slides out so that only one main point or subpoint is written on each slide. (INCORRECT) He should only use key words for each main point and subpoint in his slides. He should be sure to use proper indentation so it's easy to grasp, visually. He should remove the slides that contain his speech outline.

(UNANSWERED) Jerry feels awkward and unnatural using the exact same wording in his preview, summary transitions, and review of his main points. How should Jerry preview, transition, and review his main points?

OPTIONS: He should use a slide deck to illustrate his preview, transition, and review so that he does not have to audibly repeat it. He should rephrase his main points as long as they have the same meaning. (INCORRECT) He should use a slide deck to illustrate his preview, transition, and review as well as audibly repeating it. He should the exact same language, even if it feels awkward.

(UNANSWERED) Samantha memorizes and practices the delivery of her conclusion until it is consistent and delivered confidently. In addition to addressing the question: "How well can I deliver my conclusion?" which other question for revising a conclusion can Samantha's effort address?

OPTIONS: How effective is my lasting thought? (INCORRECT) Have I linked back to my attention getting device? How easy is it to recall my review? How long is my conclusion?

(UNANSWERED) Edgar's conclusion reviews his main points, restates his thesis, and ends with a lasting thought. However, he wants to save his strongest argument for the conclusion, hoping that the primary recency phenomenon will urge his audience to take this last message to heart. By putting a new idea, his strongest argument, in the conclusion of his speech, which purpose of a conclusion has Edgar failed to fulfill?

OPTIONS: Provide a lasting thought Summarize the Speech Leave the audience with a clear take away Signal the end of the speech (INCORRECT)

(UNANSWERED) Anya is adapting her paper from her history class into a speech. What adaptations should she make when creating her speech?

OPTIONS: She should use precise and varied language when repeating her ideas. The tone should be more formal for her speech. She should use less colloquial words and contractions. (INCORRECT) The grammar and sentence structure should be changed to shorter thought units.

(UNANSWERED) Malik ends his introduction by telling the audience what the three main points of his speech will be. What type of connector is this?

OPTIONS: Summary Transition Internal Preview (INCORRECT) Signpost Main Preview

(UNANSWERED) Leigh's speech is about how to choose a pet. She wants to improve her main points and make them easier to recall. They are currently: 1) decide what type of animal best suits your lifestyle 2) decide whether you want to look at rescue groups, shelters, or breeders 3) do a test run with specific pets to see their personalities. Which example below is the most effective way to rephrase her main points?

OPTIONS: The animal and your lifestyle, where to get it, selecting your one What, where, who How to decide, where to look, which animal fits the best (INCORRECT) The animal, the source, the personality

(UNANSWERED) Which of the following is an example of oral style?

OPTIONS: This is, however, new to Alan and as such, he finds it challenging. Alan felt shockingly antsy at discovering an unexpected challenge. The Herculean challenges ahead are not something one should downplay. (INCORRECT) But this is new to us. And it's hard.

Claire wants to make sure that her font size is large enough for the room to see once projected. What is the best way to accomplish this?

On her home computer, measure the monitor diagonally in inches and then step back the same number of feet as inches across the monitor to view the slides.

When speaking to a group, rather than writing an essay, why is it important to adapt your style?

Oral communication has a higher level of immediacy and a lower level of retention than written communication.

Rana is an executive chef in a local restaurant. She added two new items to the fall menu. Before the menu is instated, she needs to teach her kitchen how to cook these two new recipes and plate the food. What type of informative speech will she use?

Rana will teach a process to her crew. (Process is a type of informative speech because it requires teaching/demonstrating/describing a procedure.)

Eric is delivering a speech during an election year to revise the electoral college in the United States. He began his speech by saying, "On November 4, millions of people will vote to elect the next president of the United States." What type of attention getting device has Eric used?

Reference to a current event.

Phoebe has found a picture through google images to use in her presentation. When she enlarges the picture to fit the slide, though, it becomes blurry. What can she do to sharpen the image?

Replace the image with another that has a higher pixel count.

Marshall is delivering a demonstration speech on running and stretching techniques in his class. He is planning to demonstrate some of his stretches. What would be the most appropriate attire for his speech?

Running attire (since Marshall is intending to demonstrate stretches, he will need to wear attire that he will be able to stretch in)

Kiran notices in her outline that her first main point is much shorter in length than her other two main points. Why is this important for Kiran to notice?

She can address the imbalance of information in her speech.

Lisa wants to ensure that her speech is logical. How can her outline help Lisa determine how logically she has organized her ideas?

She can ensure that each subpoint directly supports the main point under which it is assigned, and that each sub-sub point directly supports the subpoint under which it is assigned, and so forth.

Susan wants to ensure that each of her main points have an equal amount of support in her speech. How can she use her speech outline to check the distribution of support across her main points?

She can see and count the number of sources she has put into each of her main points to see if they are equal.

Margaret, a state university student, delivered a speech to her college board of trustees at their monthly meeting. She began began her speech by stating, "My name is Margaret Anderson and today I will be discussing why college athletes should be paid under contract." However, as soon as she finished her statement, the members of the board already looked disinterested or shut down. Why do you think Margaret's audience did not respond in a positive way to her opening?

She did not begin with an attention getting device.

Dewi's speech is about raising chickens. She would like to bring in her favorite chicken, Henrietta, to show the class. How should Dewi approach this question?

She should not use Henrietta as a visual aid during her speech.

Elisa uses words like "next" and "today" and "first" when introducing her ideas. What type of connector is this?

Signpost

Markus has been working on VW bus engines since he was a kid. Now a college professor, he decides to offer a two-week non-credit elective class called "VW Upkeep for Beginners" for students at the college. Twelve students sign up, most of whom are considering buying an old VW at some point and would like to know how to do basic maintenance. Markus is trying to decide how detailed and complicated his lessons should be. Which category of pre-existing knowledge does this audience probably represent?

Some or no knowledge about the topic

What should Jim wear to deliver his speech on how to change a car tire?

Something clean looking but comfortable enough to do the demonstration in.

Anika decided to focus her class speech on the differences between camping locations in the state parks she visited. Which of the following patterns might work well for this speech?

Spatial or compare/contrast

Stephen was asked to hold a press conference about his rugby match post game. Why would Stephen not have to research his audience before addressing them?

Stephen can assume that the audience watched the game and are fans of the sport.

How can a speaker control the rate of speech?

Take more frequent breaths.

A speaker should always have a backup plan for what parts of their speech?

The sound and visuals.

Identify the error in the following MLA citation: Jay David Bolter and Richard Grusin. Remediation: Understanding New Media. MIT Press, 1999.

The word order of the author's name should be "Bolter, Jay David."

Which of the following is the best example of concrete language? To build muscle at the gym, you have to have discipline. There's no replacement for grit. To build muscle at the gym, you have to be motivated. To build muscle at the gym, you have to work hard. To build muscle at the gym, you need a system to track your progress, whether it's an app or a piece of paper.

To build muscle at the gym, you need a system to track your progress, whether it's an app or a piece of paper.

A new product is coming to the local beauty store. Joycelyn was asked to talk about this product to her colleagues. What might be a good pattern to use for explaining the product?

Topical or compare/contrast

Edward is delivering a biographical speech on Ronald Reagan. He decides to organize his main points as: his political career, his acting career, his legacy. What organizational structure did Edward use?

Topical.

Does this template contain all the necessary elements for an APA References entry for a webpage? Author, A. A. (Year). Title of page. Website. http://xxxxx

Yes, it contains all the necessary elements.

What would you tell a student who only wants to practice a speech in their head?

You don't get to practice vocal and physical delivery that way.

Using a pause can be positive because it...

allows an audience to catch up with what you just said.

When speaking, it is most important to look...

at the audience.

The best way to improve the volume of your speaking voice is to work on...

breath, which allows the capacity for more volume.

For his political science course, Luis-Fernando is giving a presentation about the Florida ballot recount controversy during the presidential election of 2000. He wants to tell the story of the intense four days between December 8 and December 12. Which organizational pattern might work best for this?

chronological

Not making direct eye contact with the audience can create a feeling of...

distrust. (as an autistic person, this is so stupid to me. do i really seem distrustful if I don't make eye contact??)

Using gestures in public speaking helps to...

emphasize words.

When using slides on a computer, it is best if the speaker...

has control of the slides.

Lisa wants to make sure that each subpoint supports the main point under which it falls and that each sub-sub point supports the sub point under which it falls, and so on. What characteristic of a speech preparation outline is Lisa checking?

hierarchical structure

Slides should be ________ compared to handouts.

simple

Ambaya is leading a class for middle schoolers about how to set up a multiplayer Minecraft server from their home computer. Which presentation pattern might work best for this topic?

step-by-step

Ah's and um's are a result of not...

taking pauses. (these are called Fillers or Interrupters)

During the final rehearsal for the speech, the speaker should always...

test the actual equipment they will be working with.

If you're using video in your presentation aid, you should make sure:

that the video has subtitles.

The most important questions a speaker should ask before they speak at a particular location is...

the size of the audience and the equipment available.

Emphasis is used to...

verbally highlight important parts of the sentence.

To emphasize important words, you can use...

volume to make words louder or softer.