Project Management Exam 1

E. All of these are included in a work package.

All of the following are usually included in a work package except A. What will be done? B. The time needed to complete the work. C. A single person who is responsible for its completion. D. All the costs for the work package. E. All of these are included in a work package.

A. A deliverable

An expected output over the life of a project would be classified as A. A deliverable B. A product C. An end object D. An objective E. A target

A. Functional

Computers R Us is concerned about keeping project costs low and wants to be sure that all pools of expertise are used. Additionally they want to minimize duplication of efforts across projects. Their best choice for project management structure is the _______ organization structure. A. Functional B. Balanced matrix C. Weak matrix D. Strong matrix E. Projectized

B. Planning horizon

Ed is looking over the actual results of projects and comparing them to what was estimated. He notices that projects that took six months or longer to complete were noticeably more off the estimates. Which of the following factors is he recognizing? A. Padding estimates B. Planning horizon C. Project structure D. People E. Organization culture

E. A, B, and C are all correct.

Factors in identifying cultural characteristics include all the following except A. Norms. B. Customs. C. Values. D. Both B and C are correct. E. A, B, and C are all correct.

C. Writing a term paper

From among the following activities, which is the best example of a project? A. Processing insurance claims B. Producing automobiles C. Writing a term paper D. Completing a college degree E. All of these are good examples of projects

A. Constrained

If a project criterion indicates that the project must meet a specific date, that criterion is classified as A. Constrained B. Enhanced C. Accepted D. Limited E. Fixed

A. Top down/bottom up

In practice, estimating processes are frequently classified as A. Top down/bottom up B. Rough/polished C. Precise/order of magnitude D. Draft/final E. Both A and B are correct

C. Milestone

In reviewing the project plan, Susan sees that the first prototype is due by October 12. This would be best classified as a A. Project target B. Limit item C. Milestone D. Project objective E. Critical goal

A. Weak matrix

In which of the following is the balance of authority strongly in favor of the functional managers? A. Weak matrix B. Balanced matrix C. Strong matrix D. Strong E. Both C and D are correct

B. Defining

In which of the following stages are project objectives established, teams formed, and major responsibilities assigned? A. Conceptualizing B. Defining C. Planning D. Executing E. Closing

D. Executing

In which of the following stages are you more likely to find status reports, many changes, and the creation of forecasts? A. Conceptualizing B. Defining C. Planning D. Executing E. Closing

C. Work breakdown structure

Jose is looking at a document that outlines the specific tasks and subtasks required to complete the writing of a technical support manual. The method that was probably used to develop the document is most likely A. Responsibility matrix B. Organization breakdown structure C. Work breakdown structure D. Priority matrix E. Work package

A. Personality

Organizational culture is best explained as organizational A. Personality B. Hierarchy C. Reporting relationships D. Background E. Management style

E. Dedicated team

Projectitis is most likely to occur in the __________ organization structure. A. Functional B. Balanced matrix C. Weak matrix D. Strong matrix E. Dedicated team

E. All of the above are valid reasons

Reasons why estimating time and cost are important include all of the following except: A. To schedule work B. To determine how long the project should take and cost C. To develop cash flow needs D. To determine how well the project is progressing E. All of the above are valid reasons

E. Minus 10% to plus 30%

The accuracy of bottom-up estimates will typically be in the range of A. Minus 50% to plus 50% B. Minus 0% to plus 75% C. Minus 20% to plus 60% D. Minus 35% to plus 35% E. Minus 10% to plus 30%

C. Minus 20% to plus 60%

The accuracy of top-down estimates will typically be in the range of A. Minus 50% to plus 50% B. Minus 0% to plus 75% C. Minus 20% to plus 60% D. Minus 35% to plus 35% E. Minus 10% to plus 30%

C. Estimating

The process of forecasting or approximating the time and cost of completing project deliverables is called A. Budgeting B. Predicting C. Estimating D. Planning E. Guesstimating

A. What task has to be done?

The project manager has the responsibility to answer which of the following questions? A. What task has to be done? B. Who will do the task? C. How will the task be done? D. How well has the functional input been integrated? E. Why will the task be done?

C. Limits and exclusions

The project scope statement indicates that the client is responsible for training the people who will be using the equipment and that the project team will train the client's trainers. This is an example of: A. Project objectives B. Deliverables C. Limits and exclusions D. Technical requirements E. Milestones

A. Functional

The project structure that is ranked as least effective is _________ organization. A. Functional B. Balanced matrix C. Weak matrix D. Strong matrix E. Dedicated team

C. Establish project priorities

The second step in the defining of a project would be to A. Analyze the strategic plan B. Analyze the current budget plan C. Establish project priorities D. Select team members E. Define the major objectives to meet the customer's needs

B. Scope creep

The tendency for the project deliverables to expand over time—usually by changing requirements, specifications, and priorities—is called: A. Scope erosion B. Scope creep C. Project bloat D. Scope enhancement E. Project add-ons

A. Concept

Top-down estimates are most likely to occur during the ______ phase. A. Concept B. Planning C. Execution D. Delivery E. All of these are equally likely

D. Production of automobile tires

Which of the following activities is not considered a project? A. Developing a new software program B. Designing a space station C. Preparing the site for the Olympic Games D. Production of automobile tires E. Developing a new advertising program

B. Possesses in-depth technical knowledge

Which of the following characteristics is not typical of a project manager? A. Managing a temporary activity B. Possesses in-depth technical knowledge C. Managing a non-repetitive activity D. Manages independently of the formal organization E. Provides a direct link to the customer

A. Conceptualizing

Which of the following choices is not one of the stages of a project life cycle? A. Conceptualizing B. Defining C. Planning D. Executing E. Closing

B. Functional and dedicated project teams

Which of the following combinations represents the extremes of project organization? A. Strong matrix and balanced matrix organizations B. Functional and dedicated project teams C. Project and balanced matrix organizations D. Project and strong matrix organizations E. Strong matrix and functional organizations

B. People

Which of the following constraints is not typically found in managing projects? A. Time B. People C. Cost D. Performance E. Both B and D are not typical constraints

C. Fixed price contract

Which of the following is a good condition for bottom-up estimating? A. Strategic decision making B. Internal, small project C. Fixed price contract D. High uncertainty E. Both C and D are good conditions for bottom-up estimating

C. Development of project team members

A good project management system provides for defining the interface between the project team and the organization in all the following areas except A. Authority B. Allocation of resources C. Development of project team members D. Integration of the project into the organization E. All of these are provided

A. Past experience

A good starting point for developing time and cost estimates is A. Past experience B. Work packages C. Task analysis D. Time and motion studies E. Work breakdown structure

D. Changes in project scope

A manager getting further into a project and obtaining a better understanding of what needs to be done to accomplish a project is an example of: A. Hidden interaction costs B. Things going wrong on a project C. Normal conditions not applying D. Changes in project scope E. None of these are correct

A. PMI

A professional organization for project management specialists is the A. PMI B. AMA C. MIS D. IPM E. PMBOK

E. Dedicated team

A project team that operates with a full-time project manager as a separate unit from the rest of the organization is structured as a ________ organization. A. Functional B. Balanced matrix C. Weak matrix D. Strong matrix E. Dedicated team

A. Functional

Bill is working on a project involving the upgrading of a management information system. The project is being managed by the information systems department with coordination with other departments occurring through normal channels. He is working in a _________ organization. A. Functional B. Balanced matrix C. Weak matrix D. Strong matrix E. Project

D. Executing

In which of the following stages is a major portion of the physical and mental project work performed? A. Conceptualizing B. Defining C. Planning D. Executing E. Closing

A. Padding estimates

Janet is forecasting how much money her department needs to support a new project. She estimates that two people and $25,000 in expenses will cover her needs. Because management typically insists on reducing forecasts by 20 percent, she increases her estimates to allow for that reduction. Which of the following factors is illustrated in this situation? A. Padding estimates B. Planning horizon C. Project structure D. People E. Organization culture

B. Define the project scope

Linda has just been assigned a project to develop a new advertising campaign for an established product. Her first step should be to A. Establish project priorities B. Define the project scope C. Verify the budget available D. Assign team members to work on the project E. Determine the required completion date

D. Poorly defined scope or mission

Research shows the most frequently mentioned barrier to project success is A. Not enough budget resources B. Poor performance by team members C. Weak project leadership D. Poorly defined scope or mission E. Political in-fighting

C. About three times as much

The cost to prepare bottom-up estimates will typically run how much more than the costs to prepare the top-down estimates? A. About the same B. About twice as much C. About three times as much D. About four times as much E. About five times as much

B. Define the project scope

The first step in creating the necessary information to manage a project is to A. Establish project priorities B. Define the project scope C. Verify the budget available D. Assign team members to work on the project E. Determine the required completion date

E. Define the overall objective to meet the customer's needs

The first step of project scope definition is to A. Analyze the strategic plan B. Analyze the current budget plan C. Meet with team members D. Select team members E. Define the overall objective to meet the customer's needs

E. The project

The highest element in the hierarchical breakdown of the WBS is A. A work package B. Sub deliverables C. A cost account D. Major deliverables E. The project

B. A work package

The lowest element in the hierarchical breakdown of the WBS is A. A deliverable B. A work package C. A cost account D. A lowest sub deliverable E. An object

C. Work breakdown structure

The method used to collect information to use through all phases of the project life cycle is called A. Responsibility matrix B. Organization breakdown structure C. Work breakdown structure D. Priority matrix E. Work package

E. Dedicated team

The project structure that is ranked as most effective for developing new products is ______ organization. A. Functional B. Balanced matrix C. Weak matrix D. Strong matrix E. Dedicated team

E. A, B, and C are all included

Typical kinds of costs found in a project include A. Direct costs B. Project overhead costs C. General and administrative costs D. Only A and B are included E. A, B, and C are all included

E. A, B, and C are all correct

Which of the following is a disadvantage of functional project management organization? A. Lack of motivation of project team members B. Longer project duration C. Lack of focus on the project D. Both B and C are correct E. A, B, and C are all correct

D. Internal, small project

Which of the following is a good condition for top-down estimating? A. Cost and time important B. Fixed price contract C. Customer wants details D. Internal, small project E. All of these are good conditions for top-down estimating

A. Maximum flexibility in the use of staff

Which of the following is an advantage of a functional project management organization? A. Maximum flexibility in the use of staff B. Good integration across functional units C. Shorter project duration D. Strong motivation of project team members E. All of these are advantages

C. Overhead

Which of the following is least likely to be included in a work package? A. Materials B. Labor C. Overhead D. Duration E. Responsibilities

D. Only for internal use

Which of the following is not considered to be a characteristic of a project? A. An established objective B. A clear beginning and end C. Complex tasks D. Only for internal use E. Never been done before

A. Profit

Which of the following is not one of the basic classifications of project priorities? A. Profit B. Cost C. Time D. Performance E. All of these are basic classifications

D. Profit

Which of the following is not one of the factors that need to be considered to improve quality of estimates for project times and costs? A. Planning horizon B. People C. Padding estimates D. Profit E. Project structure

D. Work breakdown structure

Which of the following is not one of the items that would appear on a project scope checklist? A. Deliverables B. Technical requirements C. Objectives D. Work breakdown structure E. Reviews with customer

E. A, B, and C are all considered direct costs

Which of the following would be considered a direct project cost? A. Labor B. Materials C. Equipment D. Both A and B are direct costs E. A, B, and C are all considered direct costs

A. The functional manager

Who is responsible for determining how tasks will be done in a matrix project management structure? A. The functional manager B. The project manager C. Both are responsible D. This is no pattern of who takes responsibility E. None of these are true

B. The project manager

Who is responsible for determining what tasks have to be done in a matrix project management structure? A. The functional manager B. The project manager C. Both are responsible D. This is no pattern of who takes responsibility E. None of these are true

D. Bottom-up

______ estimates are most likely to use low cost, efficient methods. A. Apportion B. Ratio C. Top-down D. Bottom-up E. All of these are equally likely

B. Matrix

_________ organization is a hybrid form in which a horizontal project management structure is overlaid in the normal functional hierarchy. A. Functional B. Matrix C. Project D. Balanced E. A, B, and C are all correct