Project Management Final Exam

ability to increase a workers pay and benefits

money

T/F An organization's information technology project selection process should guide the strategic plan

False

T/F In a Gantt chart, the thick black bars represent milestones achieved in a project

False

T/F It is necessary that IT project managers have prior technical experience in creating and managing IT products.

False

T/F The tasks in a WBS must be developed as a sequential list of steps.

False

ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions

Reliability

____ is the tendency for project scope to keep getting bigger and bigger

Scope Creep

Which statement best describes outsourcing?

An organization's acquisition of goods and services from an outside source

Which of the following questions reflects the strategic goals of project portfolio management?

Are we investing in the right areas?

legitimate hierarchical right to issue orders

Authority

What process is used to generate ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization?

Benchmarking

Which Technique involves network diagramming and is used primarily to predict total project duration?

Critical Path Analysis

What does DMAIC stand for in six sigma?

Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control

Soles is a footwear company which has recently set up its store in Ambrosia. To manufacture its products, Soles incurs a range of different costs. Which would be an example of an indirect cost?

Electricity used to run its factories

Knowing and managing one's emotions, empathizing with others, and maintaining satisfying relationships are the key factors in _____.

Emotional Intelligence

In project schedule management, which process involves estimating the number of work periods that are needed to complete individual activities?

Estimating activity durations

Extrinsic motivation causes people to participate in an activity for their own enjoyment.

False

Initiating and closing tasks are usually the longest and require the most amount of resources and time.

False

Intangible costs can be easily measured in monetary terms.

False

Integration testing involves testing of each individual component to ensure that it is as defect-free as possible.

False

It is important for project managers to focus on indirect costs because they can be easily controlled.

False

It is much more expensive to make major changes to a project during the earlier phases.

False

Managing the triple constraint primarily involves making trade-offs between resources and quality.

False

T/F Agile methods are used when deliverables have a low degree of change.

False

T/F opponents of a project do not belong to the category of stakeholders

False

T/f When deciding what projects to invest in or continue, one should include sunk costs

False

The nature of hardware development projects is more diverse than software-oriented projects.

False

The scope of a project is clear and specific from the start

False

system's special characteristics that appeal to users

Features

What are the 5 stages of the Truckman model of team development

Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning

In Rizzati Corp, vice presidents in departments such as engineering, manufacturing, IT, and human resources report directly to the chief executive officer and undertake their tasks independently of each other. The staffs of these departments have specialized skills in their respective disciplines. Which type of organizational structure does Rizatti Corp have?

Functional

degree to which a system performs its intended function

Functionality

Which provide a standard format for displaying project schedule information by listing project activities and their corresponding start and finish dates in a calendar format?

Gantt charts

Which of the following is true of the project life cycle?

In the early phases of a project life cycle, resource needs are usually lowest.

Project __________ management involves coordinating all of the other project management knowledge areas throughout a project's life cycle. (One word)

Integration

occurs between unit and system testing to test functionally grouped components

Integration Testing

Which is true about the agile method?

It uses several iterations or deliveries of software instead of waiting until the end of the project to provide a product.

ease of performing maintenance on a product

Maintainability

In a _____ organizational structure, personnel often report to both a functional manager and one or more project managers. (The correct answer is one word.)

Matrix

Which technique is used for creating a WBS where branches are drawn radiating from a core idea to structured thoughts and ideas instead of writing down tasks in a list or immediately trying to create a structure for tasks?

Mind mapping

Which chart helps users identify the vital few contributors that account for most quality problems in a system?

Pareto

addresses how well a product or service performs the customer's intended use

Performance

Creating the WBS is a sub process associated with which process in project scope management?

Planning

Which characteristic highlights a difference between projects and operations?

Projects are temporary endeavors whereas an organization's operations are ongoing in nature.

"Totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs" is a definition of ____________.

Quality

_____ are people involved in or affected by project activities and include the project sponsor, project team, support staff, customers, users, suppliers, and even opponents to the project. (Correct answer is one word)

Stakeholders

screens and reports the system generate

System outputs

A(n) __________ is a framework for describing the phases of developing information systems.

Systems development life cycle

_____________ addresses the business, technological, and organizational issues associated with creating, maintaining, and modifying a system.

Systems management

In a project schedule, the variable that has the least amount of flexibility is _____.

Time

A dependency pertains to the sequencing of project activities or tasks.

True

A sprint review is a meeting in which the team demonstrates to the product owner what it has completed during the sprint.

True

An activity is an element of work that has an expected duration, cost, and resource requirements.

True

An organization that uses a project organizational structure earns their revenue primarily from performing projects for other groups under contract.

True

Estimates should become more accurate as time progresses.

True

If an important supplier goes out of business, management reserves can be set aside to cover the resulting costs.

True

Many organizations provide different guidelines and templates for developing WBSs.

True

Mind mapping allows people to write and even draw pictures of ideas in a nonlinear format.

True

One of the main reasons why project management is challenging is because of the factor of uncertainty.

True

Payback period is the amount of time it will take to recoup, in the form of net cash inflows, the total dollars invested in a project.

True

Project managers are ultimately responsible for quality management on their projects.

True

T/F Project managers in matrix organizations have staff from various functional areas working on their projects

True

T/F Project managers must take adequate time to identify, understand, and manage relationships with all project stakeholders?

True

T/F Project scope management includes the processes involved in defining and controlling what is or is not included in a project.

True

T/F The executing process group generally requires the most resources

True

T/F using a systems approach is critical to successful project management

True

The main purpose of the WBS is to define all of the work required to complete a project.

True

tests each individual component (often a program) to ensure it is as defect-free as possible

Unit Testing

is an independent test performed by end users prior to accepting the delivered system

User Acceptance Testing

Which systems development life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined?

Waterfall Life Cycle

Which document contains a deliverable-oriented grouping of the work involved in a project that defines the total scope of the project?

Work breakdown structure

ability to influence a worker's later work assignments

Assignment

Ability to improve a workers position

promotion

Projects must operate in a broad organizational environment, and project managers need to consider projects within the greater organizational context. Which approach describes the holistic view of carrying out projects within the context of the organization?

systems thinking

What is the first step in the planning process?

tie the information technology strategic plan to the organization's overall strategic plan

Which systems development life cycle model assumes that requirements will remain stable after they are defined?

waterfall life cycle

ability to assign work that capitalizes on a workers enjoyment of doing a particular task

work challenge

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

(level 1) Physiological Needs, (level 2) Safety and Security, (level 3) Relationships, Love and Affection, (level 4) Self Esteem, (level 5) Self Actualization

What is the maximum amount of work effort the instructor advised that you try require?

20

Thamhain and Wilemon identified ___ ways to have influence on projects:

9

Which of the following best describes a kill point in the project life cycle?

A review of the status of a project at each phase of development to determine if it should be continued, redirected, or terminated

The Three main outputs of quality Control

Acceptance decisions, Rework, and Process Adjustments

Ability to authorize others' use of discretionary funds

budget

Which term refers to a product or service, such as a technical report, a training session, a piece of hardware, or a segment of software code, produced or provided as part of a project?

deliverable

Newtech Inc. hires John for the position of a software programmer to work on their new project. Salary paid to John by Newtech Inc. would be an example of which type of costs?

direct

What is the majority of time on a project is usually spent on?

execution

perceived special knowledge that others deem important

expertise

ability to establish friendly personal relationships between the project manager and others

friendship

What does the process of controlling costs primarily involve?

managing changes to the project budget

Which term is used for a significant event on a project that normally has no duration?

milestone

ability to cause a punishment

penalty