PS100 Vocab 3

In order to have a "full" shell, most atoms 'want' to have _______ electrons in their outermost shell or subshell.

8

How does the mass of a proton compare to the mass of a neutron?

About the same

The energy required for a reaction to take place is known as the:

Activation energy

How to determine # of protons using periodic table

Atomic number

How to determine # of electrons using periodic table

Atomic number but only in a neutral atom

Which ion would Ca most likely form?

Ca2+

T/F: Dispersion forces, polar forces and hydrogen bonding are all types of bonds that hold atoms together to make molecules and compounds.

False

T/F: If a molecular material is solid at room temperature, the high melting and boiling temperatures indicate there must be polar forces holding the molecules together.

False

Which nuclear process HAS BEEN HARNESSED FOR COMMERCIAL ELECTRICITY GENERATION: fusion or fission?

Fission

Which nuclear process INVOLVES BREAKING UP LARGER NUCLEI INTO SMALLER ONES: fusion or fission?

Fission

For which nuclear process is FUEL RELATIVELY PLENTIFUL ON EARTH: fusion or fission?

Fusion

Which nuclear process COMBINES SMALL NUCLEI TO MAKE LARGER ONES: fusion or fission?

Fusion

Which nuclear process OCCURS ON THE SUN: fusion or fission?

Fusion

Which nuclear process is the PRIMARY PROCESS IN MOST NUCLEAR WEAPONS: fusion or fission?

Fusion

The most ordered energy

GPE or MKE

Most ordered to least ordered energy

GPE, MKE EPE NPE CPE Thermal

Properties of metals

Good electrical conductors Shiny Malleable Easily form alloys

Two atoms that have the same atomic numbers but different atomic mass numbers are called:

Isotopes

How to determine # of neutrons using periodic table

Mass number - atomic number

An element is a substance made up of atoms that all have the same number of ______________________________

Protons

Ionic Bond

The bond between a metal and a non-metal

Metallic Bond

The bond between two metal atoms

Covalent Bond

The bond between two non-metal atoms

How does the mass of a proton compare to the mass of an electron?

The mass of the proton is MUCH LARGER than the mass of the electron

Half-life

The time it takes for half of all the nuclei to decay.

The least ordered energy

Thermal energy

Properties of salts

Transparent Ionic bonds Combination of metal and nonmetal atoms

T/F: Polar molecules dissolve easily in water.

True

Which elements form diatomic gases?

hydrogen (H) oxygen (O) nitrogen (N) fluorine (F) chlorine (Cl) bromine (Br) iodine (I)