PSY 1005
Which of the following is true regarding the accuracy and reliability of job analysis ?
It can depend on the nature of the descriptions and the source for the job analysis.
Which individual is probably not living in a culture that promotes a collectivist view of the world?
James, who lives in England
According to the _______ theory of emotion, emotional experiences arise from psychological arousal
James-Lange
Which of the following theories of emotion would suggest that polygraphs should be quite accurate at differentiating one emotion from another?
James-Lange theory
Who created the very first modern hospice?
Cicely Saunders
The ______ Concerning Blacks Test is a projective test designed to be culturally relevant to African-Americans, using images that relate to African-American lifestyles.
Contemporized-Themes
Level 4- Self-worth, accomplishment, confidence
Esteem
Rosetta is a master electrician. Often, she is the only woman at the construction site. her male coworkers frequently make sexual comments about her appearance and tape explicit pictures of women up at the worksite. She complains to the site manager, but he tells her to toughen up. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?
hostile environment
The United States is considered a _______ culture.
individualist
field in psychology that applies scientific principles to the study of work and the workplace
industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology
branch of psychology that studies job characteristics, applicant characteristics, and how to match them; also studies employee training and performance appraisal
industrial psychology
Which of the following is an example of an instinctive behavior?
infant rooting for a nipple
Isolation, a lack of job security, work overload, harassment, and bullying are all examples of factors that can lead to _______.
job stress
Which practice is an example of Theory X management
keystroke monitoring
Personality is thought to be _____.
long term, stable and not easily changed
Animal research suggests that in male rats the _______ is critical for the ability to engage in sexual behavior, but not for the motivation to do so
medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus
What is the main idea of the behavioral perspective on personality
Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism
Level 1- Food, water, shelter, warmth
Psychological
Level 2- Safety, employment, assets
Security
Level 5- Inner Fulfillment
Self-Actualization
Which of the following findings was not a result of the Kinsey study?
Sexual desire and sexual ability can be separate functions
Level 3- Family, friendship, intimacy, belonging
Social
Which statement best describes the Hawthorne effect?
The attention of researchers on subjects causes the effect the experimenter is looking for.
Which individual was one of the first psychologists to apply the science of the field to advertising, management, and personal selection?
Walter Dill Scott
Which of the following questions is illegal to ask in a job interview in the United States?
Which state were you born in?
Several influential early psychologists studied issues that today would be categorized as industrial psychology. These individuals included James Cattell, Hugo Munsterberg, and Walter Dill Scott, who were all students of _______.
Wilhelm Wundt
Brianna is 18 months old. She cries frequently, is hard to soothe, and wakes frequently during the night. According to Thomas and Chess, she would be considered ________.
a difficult baby
Amir bites his fingernails when he is nervous or anxious, and he does so without any intention or even recognition that he is doing so. This is an example of _______, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.
a habit
What was the main idea behind Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development
an individual's personality develops throughout the lifespan
According to the Eysenck's theory, people who score high on neuroticism tend to be _______.
anxious
Which of the following items is not a part of KSAs?
aspiration
Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?
authoritative
Jude is a man who is emotionally and sexually attracted to both men and women, although he tends to date only one person at a time and prefers monogamous relationships. Jude is _____.
bisexual
_________ is characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by attempts to compensate for the excessive amount of food that was consumed
bulimia nervosa
The frontal lobes becomes fully developed ________
by 25 years old
Johanna is almost always nasty to people. She talks about others behind their backs, looks for ways to undercut classmates, and intentionally does things to impede other's success. Virtually everyone she knows eventually grows to dislike her, often citing her nastiness as the reason why they don't want to be around her. According to Allport, this negativity seems to be a(n) _________ trait for Johanna.
cardinal
domain of lifespan development that examines learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity
cognitive development
The universal bank of ideas, images, and concepts that have been passed down through the generations from our ancestors refers to _______.
collective unconscious
When development proceeds in a stepwise fashion with periods of growth interrupted by periods where growth is not occurring, we'd say that development is taking a(n) ________ trajectory
discontinuous
view that development takes place in unique stages, which happen at specific times or ages
discontinuous development
The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is responsible for ______.
enforcing federal laws that make it illegal to discriminate in the hiring of employees
Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ______ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
esteem
Jane believes that she got a bad grade on her psychology paper because her professor doesn't like her. Jane most likely has an _______ locus of control.
external
Carl mows the yard of his elderly neighbor each week for $20. What type of motivation is this?
extrinsic
Using scissors to cut out paper shapes is an example of ________
fine motor skills
According to Jean Piaget, in which stage do children begin to use abstract thinking processes
formal operational
What does nature refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate?
genes and biology
What aspect of an office workstation would a human factors psychologist be concerned about?
height of the chair
_______ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics
heritability
Individuals suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder have been shown to have reduced volumes of the ________.
hippocampus
Age-specific approximations of when a certain skill or ability should first occur in normal development are called developmental ________.
milestones
Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or need that direct toward a goal, also called _______.
motivation
The idea that even if something is out of sight, it still exists is called ________
object permanence
Carissa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like her friends then authority figures. What kinds of parenting style is this?
permissive
The Oedipus complex occurs in the ______ stage of psychosexual development
phallic
An early science that tried to correlate personality with measurements of parts of a person's skull is known as _______.
phrenology
The id operates on the _________ principle
pleasure
A personality assessment in which a person responds to ambiguous stimuli, revealing unconscious feelings, impulses, and desires _________.
protective test
Developmental psychologists study the human growth and development across three domains. Which of the following is not one of these domains
psychological
According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors: ________.
psychological and cognitive
process proposed by Freud in which pleasure-seeking urge focus on different erogenous zones of the body as humans move through five stages of life
psychosexual development
process proposed by Erikson in which social tasks are mastered as humans move through eight stages of life from infancy to adulthood
psychosocial development
What is the name of what occurs when a supervisor offers a work-related reward in exchange for a sexual favor?
quid pro quo
According to Carl Rogers, a healthy personality would result from congruence between one's _____self and their ______ self
real; ideal
Which of the following is the time immediately following an orgasm, during which and individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?
refractory period
According to Edwin Locke, job ______ is the state of feeling resulting from appraising one's job experiences, and a more modern definition includes the extent to which a person enjoys their job.
satisfaction
The child uses the parent as a base from which to explore her world in which attachment style?
secure
The concept that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs is known as _______.
selective migration
our thoughts and feelings about ourselves
self-concept
Someone's level of confidence in their own abilities
self-efficacy
_______ is an individual's belief in her capability to complete some task.
self-efficacy
During Jean Piaget's _______ stage, the world is experienced through what we can tale in through our perceptual systems and how we can move our bodies
sensorimotor
What is the most common reason for invoking a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) as a defense against an employer accused of discrimination?
sex
Which is one effect of the team halo effect
teams appear to work better than they do
how a person reacts to the world, including their activity level, starting when they are very young
temperament
According to the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, identical twins, whether raised together or apart have ______ personalities.
very similar
Self-regulation is also known as _______.
will power
Which of the following is the most strongly predictive factor of overall job satisfaction?
work content
Which of the following is the correct order of prenatal development
zygote, embryo, fetus
Who was the first theorist to explore the idea that the way we appraise a situation would influence the type of emotion that we'd experience in response to that event?
Magda Arnold
Max's behavior and self-presentation is relaxed and informational with his friends. When he goes on a job interview he projects professionalism and formality with his attire and language. What would Carl Jung suggest about Max?
Max adopted a professional persona for his job interview
Which personality assessment employs a series of true/false questions?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Victoria has learned that she has metastatic breast cancer and hos only a few months l live. She immediately goes to church and prays that she will "change her ways" and will become a model Christian id God will just heal her illness. Victoria is at the _______ stage of grieving
bargaining
Dr. Korkolos is a surgeon who conducts procedures that modify a patient's gastrointestinal system so that they can only eat or absorb a limited amount of food. Dr. Korkolos's expertise is in _______ surgery.
bariatric
______ is a state of being in which out thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar.
congruence
state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar
congruence
view that development is a cumulative process: gradually improving on existing skills
continuous development
The goal of hospice care is to provide
death with dignity and pain management in a humane and comfortable setting
Which of the following is the order of stages in Kubler-Ross's five stage model of grief?
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance
Empty stomachs contract, causing both hunger pangs and the secretion of chemical messages that travel to the brain to serve as a signal to initiate feeding behavior. This is an example of _______.
how physiological mechanisms serve as the basis for hunger
Ted conducts a study regarding how walking on a treadmill instead of sitting at a desk impacts worker productivity. Ted's study is within the industrial-organizational specialty area of ______ psychology.
human factors
branch of psychology that studies how workers interact with the tools of work and how to design those tools to optimize workers' productivity, safety, and health
human factors psychology
Adolescents (ages 12-18) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. Erik Erikson would argue that during this period adolescents face the ________ task of development
identity vs. confusion
Dr. Smyth conducts research that examines how stress, disease, and disorders can impact individuals in the workplace. She is working in the area of ________ psychology.
occupational health
According to your reading, nearly _______ of the adult population in the United States can be classified as obese
one third
According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ________ stage of her psychosexual development
oral
Which area of I-O psychology measures job satisfaction?
organizational psychology
branch of psychology that studies the interactions between people working in organizations and the effects of those interactions on productivity
organizational psychology