PSY 140 Chapter 8

Cultural influences play a large role in determining

incentive values.

Maslow referred to the need to fulfill one's own unique potential as the need for

self-actualization.

Women are generally better than men at recognizing

happy faces*

Which of the following always happens when homeostasis is disturbed?

A need is created.

Which of the following is the best definition of drive?

A state of bodily tension that arises from an unmet need

LaDonna experiences a state of biological tension because she is hungry. Her hunger motivates her to stop at the local deli after class. Which theory best explains LaDonna's choice to go to the deli?

Drive theory

In the development of sexual orientation, which of the following is TRUE?

Genetic factors play no role in the development of sexual orientation.**

Harrison has heard many myths from his friends concerning sexual orientation. One of his friends shared a tidbit that is true, however. What is this?

Homosexuality is not about sexual behavior, but about patterns of sexual attraction.

In a research study, participants were asked to rate the "funniness" of a cartoon while either just looking at it or holding a pencil with their teeth. Those who rated the cartoon while holding a pencil with their teeth rated the cartoon as funnier. Because the facial muscles used for a smile are similar to those required to hold a pencil in one's mouth, the results of this experiment support the ____ of emotion.

James-Lange theory

The hierarchy of needs model of human motivation was developed by

Maslow

Regarding Maslow's theory of motivation, which of the following statements is NOT true?

Maslow's theory has been criticized for focusing too much on psychosocial needs and not enough on biological needs.

Regarding research on gender differences in emotion, which of the following is NOT true?

Men tend to be better than women at expressing their feelings in facial expressions.*

Which of the following scenarios provides evidence for the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion?

Viktor is swimming in the ocean when he feels something brush against his legs in the water. He feels a sensation of panic at the same time as his heart starts to pound.*

Regarding the regulation of hunger and appetite, which of the following statements is NOT true?

When a person is hungry, eating typically results in homeostasis of blood sugar levels.*

Donald has a higher need for arousal than the average person. In psychological terms, Donald would be described as

a sensation seeker.

Jamie says he often gets "hot under the collar" even for the slightest of provocations. Cognitive theorists would probably suggest that his anger is prompted by

angering thoughts he experiences in these situations.

The desire to steer clear of failure is called

avoidance motivation.

Dr. Diaz is a researcher studying the behavioral expression of emotions. Her research program would likely involve any of the following EXCEPT

body postures.***

The set point theory of obesity suggests that

body weight is regulated around a genetically predetermined level.

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that emotions

come after bodily reactions.*

Neveah has a good ability to recognize emotions in herself and in others. She is also able to effectively manage her emotions. Neveah appears to have high levels of

emotional intelligence.

The amygdala's role is

evaluating stimuli for threat potential***

We can think of motivation as a process that

explains why we act.*

Carl works hard to get As on his report card because his mother rewards him with 25 dollars for each A. Carl's behavior is being influenced by

extrinsic motivation.

Your text makes all of the following suggestions for dealing with anger EXCEPT

increase your expectations of others.**

The male sex hormone testosterone

increases sexual interest in males and females.*

In motivation theories, psychosocial needs are also known as

interpersonal needs.

Chris sings in a volunteer community chorus because he enjoys the feeling he gets when he masters a complicated piece of music. His behavior reflects a(n)

intrinsic motive.

The need for achievement differs from the need for sex because achievement motivation

is a need for esteem rather than a physiological need.

Each of the following factors plays a major role in obesity EXCEPT

laziness *

Sandra has a strong need to have social relationships. Psychologists use the term _____ to describe Sandra's needs.

need for love and belongingness

Being intrinsically motivated means that you are seeking

personal satisfaction.

Jerome is a sensation seeker. Based only on that characteristic, Jerome is likely to pursue all of the following activities EXCEPT

picnicking with family.

In drive theory, biological drives are also known as

primary drives.

Emotional intelligence is best defined as the ability to

recognize emotions and manage your own emotions.