PSY 210 Unit 2 Exam

Authoritative

parents who set limits, enforce rules, and listen receptively to their children are exhibiting the ? pattern of parenting

child-centered

most developmentalists advocate ? Preschool programs

Pragmatics

this is not an example of a control process

Relational

three girls spread a rumor that seven year old Brenda is a bedwetter who still uses a pacifier. This is an example of ? aggression

Instruction

lev vygotsky viewed ? Is being crucial to children's development of skills and knowledge

There are multiple intelligences

Howard Gardner proposed that

antipathy

A feeling of dislike or even hatred for another person is called

Thinking about thinking

Metacognition is

Oral health practices

Physical activity can benefit children in all of the following ways except by improving

Decreases

A child's appetite ? between the ages of two and six

Authoritarian

A parenting style categorized by high parent to child communication, low warmth, and high expectations of maturity is

Theory of mind

A persons understanding of the thoughts of other people is called

To advance thought

According to Vygotsky, within the context of cognition, language is a tool:

Potential for learning a skill or body of knowledge

Aptitude tests are designed to measure ones

Social comparison

Assessing one's abilities, achievements, social status, and other attributes by measuring them against one's peers, is called

onlooker

At preschool, four your old Mark rarely joins his peers at play. Instead, he tends to carefully observe his classmates as they transition from one play Center to the next. According to Mildred Porton, Mark is engaged in ? play

Jeans may have a stronger effect on talents than familiar environment

Brad is an Adopt a child who lives with three siblings, all biological children of his adoptive parents. Brad's math skills are far better than those of his adoptive parents or his adoptive siblings. This provides evidence that

Left side of his brain

Bruce suffered a brain injury as a result of an automobile accident. His abilities to speak and to process language or severely affected. His injury was to the:

Are repeated

Bullying differs from ordinary aggression because of bullying attacks

Piaget; Vygotsky

Child centered programs are often influenced by the theories of ? And ?

Middle childhood

Children between the ages of six and 11 are within the developmental stage referred to as

Self-concept

Children's ideas about their intelligence, personality, abilities, gender, and ethnic background form there

Effortful control

Deliberately modifying one's impulses and emotions is referred to as

Functions of a family

Developing self-respect, nurturing friendships with peers, and encouraging learning are three of the

Industry versus Inferiority

Erik Erikson's fourth stage of psychosocial development is called

the legal and genetic relationships of people in a household

Family structure refers to

The super ego

Freud's term for the formation of a conscience that internalizes parental morals is

As hostile and ready to take advantage of them

How do abuse children come to view other people?

Reaction time

How long it takes to respond to a stimulus is referred to as

Permissive

Indulgent parents are also called

Believe that what has been done cannot be undone

Irreversibility refers to the preoperational child's tendency to _____.

sugar

Is a major problem that contributes to nutritional deficiencies, obesity, and tooth decay

Personal play

Is not one of the types of play identified by Mildred Parton

Seeking pleasure and avoiding punishment

Lawrence Colberg's concept of preconventional morality involves

academics

Most teacher directed preschool programs stress:

Intelligence quotient

One's mental age divided by ones chronological age and multiplied by 100 results in ones

Both externalizing and internalizing problems

Parental pressure for children to excel may be related to

Rough and tumble

Play that mimics aggression through wrestling, chasing, or grabbing, but it's not intended to harm, is called ? play

Allows children to think in symbols

Pre-operational intelligence

Bullying

Rick hits or kicks Edwin on the playground nearly every day. Rick is using ? Aggression against Edwin

Is mostly extrinsic

Sky frequently plays the piano whenever her family has guests because she enjoys the praise and attention that she receives. When alone, however, sky rarely plays the piano. Skies motivation

Selective attention

The ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others is referred to as

Vera, who is disliked because she tells others they are stupid

The best example of an aggressive rejected child is

Resilient

The child who weathers severe family problems, even abuse, and yet emerges from those experiences unscathed is said to be

The reason why an answer was chosen

The crucial element in Lawrence Colberg's assessment of moral stages is

Psychopathology

The field that uses insights into typical development to understand and remediate developmental disorders is developmental

Centration

The focus on one aspect of the situation and simultaneously exclude all other aspects is called

Expectations for maturity

The four dimensions of a parenting style described by Diana Baumrind are warmth, discipline, communication, and

Computers

The information processing theory was inspired by the knowledge of how ? Function

the corpus callosum

The long band of nerve fibers that connects the brain hemispheres is

Comorbidity

The presence of two or more unrelated disease conditions at the same time in the same person is referred to as

Myelination

The process through which axons become coated with a fatty substance that speeds up the transmission of nerve impulses is called

May change over time

The quality of resilience is dynamic, which means that it

Lateralization

The specialization of the functioning of the two halves of the brain is called

Disability does not change year-by-year

This is not a general principle of developmental psychopathology

Self-concept

Tim, age 5, describes himself as a good soccer player with black hair who laughs a lot. Tim's description demonstrates his developing

It is done to help another without any benefit for oneself

What is the hallmark of prosocial behavior?

Parentification

When children act as adults and try to take care of everyone, it is called

Concrete Thinking

Which factor is related to children noticing material possessions during middle childhood?

Harmony and stability

Which family function is especially crucial in middle childhood?

Step parent families

Which family structure is most likely to change both residence and community?

Dyslexia

Which learning disorder is characterized by unusual difficulty with reading?

Interacts with a mentor to accomplish a task

according to Vygotsky, guided participation requires that a child

concrete situations (real, tangible, visible)

according to jean piaget, A child between the ages of six and 11 can apply logical principles to

Logic

according to jean piaget, children gain the ability to use ? during middle childhood

The zone of proximal development

according to vygotsky's theory, Skills that a child can accomplish with assistance but cannot yet perform independently are part of

Prefrontal cortex

immaturity of the ? Makes young children impulsive

Pushing a child out of the way to falling latter

is an example of secondary prevention

Base

knowledge ? Is a body of knowledge in a particular area that makes it easier to master new information in that area

Sidedness

lateralization is also called:

May lead to problems for the bullies and their victims

over time, the consequences of bullying

Assume their language always follows the rules they already know

overregularization occurs because children

Influenced by

research indicates that achievement in middle childhood is ? Teacher and parent expectations

Popular

stacey is always friendly. When someone tells her secret she does not tell other friends. She also is helpful and cooperates with others to get class projects done. Other students like working with Stacey. Stacey could be defined as a ? child

Bilingual education

strategy in which school subjects are taught in both the learners original language and the second (majority) language is

Using electronica media

today's children spend more time ? than playing outdoors

fast-mapping

when children hear a new word in a familiar context, they can simply add the word to the General category without fully understanding the word. This is called

Behavioral theory

which theory focuses on how children learn acceptable behaviors for their gender?

Tertiary

which type of injury prevention begins after an injury and is done to limit the damage caused by the injury?

Called private speech

while working on a coloring worksheet, five year old Alma can be heard whispering, "Color this one blue. Stay in the lines. Oh, yellow would be pretty." According to Vygotsky, Alma's utterances are