Psy 2444 Unit 1 SO

Identify the 4 things that behavior is not and why they fail the behavior test

1. Generalities: They don't describe something that can be observed 2. Attitudes: they refer to a state of mind or a vast collection of tasks and behaviors 3. States: State is a condition that results from a behavior (putting on glasses results in having glasses on 4. Values: Values are a group of behaviors defined by their impact on the observer

List the 10 steps in the PM process

1. Select the performance problem 2. State the problem behaviorally 3. measure the problem 4. graph the data 5. analyze the performance 6. develop an intervention plan 7. Perform a systems check 8. Implement the plan 9. Continue monitoring data 10. Evaluate the impact

When should we focus on results?

1. performers are skilled in the behavior 2. Behavior and results are obviously related 3. Results are improving

What are the two main analysis/assessment frameworks within OBM?

Behavioral Systems Analysis (BSA) and Performance Management (PM)

What are the 5 circumstances when you should focus on behavior?

1. when current performance is a long way from final result 2. when link between behavior and result is not obvious 3. when the result is long delayed 4. when the relevant behaviors are social sensitive 5. when poor results are due to circumstances outside of the performers control

Define human behavior (for most purposes)

Any observable, measurable activity by a person

What is the difference between behavior classes and behavior chains?

Behavior classes are different behaviors that all produce the same result. Behavior chains are behaviors that happen in sequence to get to one final result

What is the difference between behavior and results?

Behaviors are the actions that we can see someone doing (writing or typing) and results are what is produced from that behavior (an essay or report)

Summarize the argument Gilbert made regarding pinpointing? Why is important to pinpoint results first?

Gilbert asserts that we only engage in behaviors because of the results. The consequences of our actions are what guide our actions

Why is it important to pinpoint both behaviors and results?

If we pinpoint only results we could end up reinforcing the wrong behavior, or if we pinpoint only the behavior we could end up reinforcing a behavior that has little meaningful change in the results

What is the best way to change someone's feelings or thoughts?

It is easier to change a behavior that would create differents thoughts or feelings

What is the Dead Man's test?

It is used to help determine if something qualifies as a behavior. If it is something that can be done by a dead man then it is (usually) not a behavior

What does NORMS stand for?

Not an interpretation Observable Reliable Measurable Specific

How do Bailey & Austin define Performance Management?

Performance Management is a complex process of analyzing human behavior in the workplace and subsequently implementing changes to the work environment that are designed to improve some aspect of productivity

What is performance?

Performance consists of a situation, one or more behaviors, tasks, and results, which are combined to produce a specific accomplishment

What is the one simple rule Daniels and Bailey give for pinpointing?

Pinpoint both behaviors and results, but always pinpoint and measure results first

Reproduce the figure that shows how PM, BSA, OBM, and ABA all relate to Behavior Analysis

Starting from most broad to most specific (each field is a subfield of the one prior) Behavior Analysis/ ABA/ OBM/ BSA/ PM

Define OBM including the goal of OBM

The application of behavior analysis principles to change the behavior of individuals in the workplace

Define ABA

The application of the principles of behavior, discovered and refined by basic experimental procedures, to change socially significant behavior

What are the two types of pinpoints?

The behaviors of the performer and the results produced by the behavior

What are the two challenges of pinpointing behaviors?

The first is seperating behaviors and nonbehaviors. The second is determining whether or not the selected behavior will create the desired outcome

What is pinpointing?

The process of being specific about what people do

Why is it important that pinpoints be under the performers control?

This way we know we are only holding them accountable for behaviors and results that are directly under their control and within their responsibility

What do labels such as bad attitude, extrovert personality, or high level of motivation consist of? What 2 issues can arise from using vague terms like these to describe performance?

Vague labels like these actually consist of many behaviors. This can lead to labeling and stereotyping. When asked to improve it may be hard to narrow down which behaviors are significant.

In businesss, why so we usually pinpoint classes of behavior rather than individual behaviors?

We are looking at classes of behaviors because multiple different behaviors can produce the results that we are interested in