PSY 3

Which of the following is NOT a modern method for accurately measuring brain activity/functioning?

Magnetic resonance imaging

Daiyo, a behavioral geneticist, is studying the interaction of heredity and environment. When he looks at monozygotic (identical) twins, what will he probably see in their phenotypes?

Their genotypes will predispose them toward certain traits, but their environments influence whether those traits are expressed in their phenotypes

Korro is walking to school thinking about the lobes of the cerebral cortex. He realizes that each of the lobes are active as he watches where he's going, hears the traffic around him, feels the breeze on his arms, and plans his day. The ______ lobe is responsible for his ability to plan ahead.

frontal

Zhara has suffered damage to her forebrain and now has great difficulty forming new memories. Which subcortical structure of the forebrain has most likely been damaged?

hippocampus

________ is a state of equilibrium, in which biological conditions (such as body temperature) are maintained at optimal levels.

homeostasis

Which one of the following processes does NOT occur to excess neurotransmitters in the synapse?

Collection by scavenger vesicles left over from the neurotransmitter release.

When Opal sees a snake, her breathing becomes more shallow and her heart rate increases. This lifeessential, physiological stress response is initiated in which area of the brain?

Hindbrain

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the case study of Phineas Gage's accident, which led to brain injury?

Injury to the brain causes changes in behavior, and specific brain areas are linked to particular behaviors

Twin boys both have a gene associated with aggressive tendencies. What is the most likely outcome to be observed in their behavior as they grow up?

It is not possible to determine the twins' behaviors based on having this single gene.

Candice wants to create a computer model of the nervous system. She asks her friend Mei what the "basic unit" of the nervous system is so that she can start her model. What should Mei's response be?

The neuron

The ________ is involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories.

amygdala

Elaina has been diagnosed with a small brain tumor. She first went to see her doctor after experiencing symptoms such as feeling very cold, almost fainting, a reduced appetite, and reduced sexual desire. Which of the following structures is her tumor most likely affecting?

hypothalamus

The ________ nervous system is responsible for stimulating digestion and causing the bladder to contract.

parasympathetic

When you receive touch information it is processed in the somatosensory cortex of your brain, which is located in the ___________ lobe.

parietal

Which of the following are the two most basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system

The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration.

sympathetic

The site where communication occurs between neurons is called the

synapse

Studying close relatives allows behavioral geneticists to determine ________.

the relative contributions of genes and environment in a population

In the nervous system, the job of the axons is to ________ electrical impulses within and to other neurons.

transmit action potentials of

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________.

central; peripheral nervous systems

The ________ receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in our ear to control balance, coordination, movement, and fine motor skills.

cerebellum

Lisa has problems sleeping, so she goes to a sleep clinic. At the clinic the researchers measure her brain's electrical activity as she sleeps by using the technique of

electroencephalographs (EEGs).

The motor cortex in the frontal lobe is responsible for processing ________.

motor information to body areas, such as arms, legs, and face

Captain Action Potential is traveling down the Axon Road with his men in order to escape the Cell Body and to join his reinforcements at the Terminal Buttons. Captain Action Potential's journey would go much faster if he used the fatty layer known as the ______ to reach his destination.

myelin sheath

Neurons are able to communicate when

neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic dendrite