PSY 381 Chapter 11
What is thought to be the cause of vaginismus, the involuntary contraction of vaginal muscles?
conditioning of a fear response
Eduardo has a troublesome foot fetish. In therapy, he imagines a shoe and then immediately imagines an aversive stimulus. The behavioral approach being used is:
covert sensitization.
A man has been taught to masturbate almost to orgasm, and then to insert his penis for intercourse. He is being treated for:
delayed ejaculation.
What is the most common male sexual dysfunction?
early ejaculation
If, during intercourse, a woman repeatedly stimulates her male partner to the point when he almost reaches orgasm at which point the stimulation is stopped, he is probably being treated for:
early ejaculation.
A normal healthy man experiences:
erections during REM sleep.
Research has revealed that a woman's lack of orgasm can sometimes be linked to all the following EXCEPT:
female inadequacies.
LaTisha experiences little sexual response to erotic cues and physical stimulation. She is MOST likely experiencing:
female sexual interest/arousal disorder.
What is the term for the use of and attraction to inanimate objects as a preferred method of achieving sexual excitement?
fetishism
If Ransom has hypoactive sexual desire disorder, he experiences all of these EXCEPT:
finding sexual activity repulsive.
In a very crowded department store during the Christmas rush, a woman suddenly feels a stranger rubbing his genital area against her thigh. He continues until the crowd begins to break up, and then he moves away. The MOST likely diagnosis for this man is:
frotteurism.
Transgender people who experience extreme distress over the incongruence of their gender identity and/or find themselves impaired by it in their social relationships, at work, or at school have:
gender dysphoria.
If a woman is 90 years old and healthy, what is the chance, expressed as a percentage, that she still masturbates at least occasionally?
greater than 20 percent
Which disorder is NOT listed in DSM-5 but might be in future DSM editions, following additional study?
hypersexuality
An exhibitionist exposes himself to another person. Which response from the victim would be LEAST satisfying to the exhibitionist?
ignoring the exhibitionist
Which of these is NOT a symptom of female sexual interest/arousal disorder?
inadequate lubrication during sexual activity
Female sexual interest/arousal disorder differs from male hypoactive sexual desire disorder MOST notably in that it:
includes difficulties in both the desire and arousal stages of the sexual response cycle.
In the United States, over the past several decades, the typical duration of sexual intercourse has:
increased, as has the distress of those suffering from early ejaculation.
Symptoms of vaginismus always include:
involuntary contraction of vaginal muscles.
Dominic has never been able to achieve or maintain an erection for sexual intercourse, which means he would MOST likely be diagnosed with _____ erectile dysfunction.
lifelong
What does the process of covert sensitization for fetishism involve?
mentally pairing a fetish object with an aversive stimulus
Individuals who have a strong sense that their gender identity is different from their birth anatomy are known as:
transgender.
Cross-dressing is another term for:
transvestic disorder
All of the following are current trends in sex therapy EXCEPT:
treating only those without other serious psychological problems.
Which theoretical orientation is MOST helpful in understanding the origin of gender identity disorder?
the biological orientation
In females, the labia swells during which phase of the sexual response cycle?
the desire phase
In males, the penis becomes erect during which phase of the sexual response cycle?
the excitement phase
Most sex therapists are uneasy about the recent reliance on drug treatments for sexual disorders because:
the integrated approach to therapy might be ignored.
Jonas has a sexual dysfunction. Which phase of the sexual response cycle would he NOT experience difficulty with?
the resolution phase
The term sensate focus refers to the technique in which:
the sexual relationship is rebuilt, concentrating on pleasure.
Charlotte has low sexual desire. Her therapist thinks her reduced sex drive could have a sociocultural cause. Which of these would not be a possible explanation?
the use of pain medication
What is the primary source of sexual excitement for sexual sadists?
the victim's suffering
Which of these would a qualified sex therapist be LEAST likely to say to a client?
"Focus on your performance as if you were a spectator."
Priscilla is twenty-three years old and usually has a fairly high sex drive. Recently, she has experienced an unexpected drop in sex drive, although she doesn't have any new medical problems. What would be an important question to ask her before recommending psychotherapy?
"Have you recently started taking birth control pills?"
According to DSM-5, the cut-off point for diagnosing early ejaculation is within _____ of initiating sexual activity.
1 minute
According to surveys, how many transgender people in the United States have reported that they have been harassed or attacked at school, at work, or in their communities as a result of being transgender?
80 to 90 percent
What is the MOST common outcome of gender dysphoria in childhood?
It disappears by adolescence or adulthood.
Which finding would argue AGAINST the idea that low sexual desire in women is caused by societal treatment of women?
A sexually restrictive history is equally common among women with and without low sexual desire.
How does Viagra work?
It increases blood flow into the penis.
Akshay has been experiencing erectile disorder. His therapist thinks the disorder has a sociocultural cause. What could be the cause of Akshay's erectile disorder?
Loss of a job
Theoretically, why do SSRIs help treat early ejaculation?
SSRIs reduce arousal and orgasm and help men delay ejaculation.
Seraphina is able to orgasm from masturbation or manual stimulation, but she cannot reach orgasm during sexual intercourse. Which is TRUE about Seraphina?
She has no sexual disorder.
Bailey is sexually assertive and comfortable with masturbation. Which is TRUE about Bailey?
She will likely have orgasms more regularly.
Which of these is the MOST accurate conclusion regarding the use of Viagra and related drugs to treat erectile disorders?
The drugs work approximately 75 percent of the time and are often given without first assessing what is causing the original problem.
Generally speaking, what are the outcomes of gender reassignment surgery?
The outcomes are positive.
Which thought would likely be MOST arousing to a voyeur in the act of secretly watching a couple have sex?
The people would be humiliated if they knew I was watching.
Why are people who go to strip clubs generally NOT considered to be voyeurs?
The performers are consenting to being seen by the audience.
Linda had normal sexual functioning for many years. However, over time she began to have trouble becoming aroused, no matter what the situation. This type of dysfunction would be called:
acquired and generalized.
Why do people object to Viagra and similar drugs being voluntarily covered by health insurance companies but why do they fail to object to birth control pills not being covered unless mandated by law?
The reason may be the sexual double standard; sex is considered okay for men but not for women.
Why might some clinicians favor removing gender dysphoria from the DSM?
They believe the stigma of being transgender is what leads to distress.
The study of sexuality that led to a revolution in the treatment of sexual dysfunction was done by:
William Masters and Virginia Johnson.
Xavier has erectile disorder and asks his physician why this is happening to him. His physician is likely to tell him that most cases of erectile disorder are caused by:
a combination of psychosocial and physical causes.
During which period of life does frotteurism typically develop?
adolescence
During which period of life does pedophilia typically develop?
adolescence
According to Masters and Johnson, performance anxiety may result in a man:
adopting a spectator role during sexual activity.
In order to identify when in a sexual encounter anxiety about sex first arose, Joonhee is imagining sexual scenes. What therapeutic technique is Joonhee engaging in?
affectual awareness
Which does NOT belong with the others?
aversion therapy
Individuals whose gender identity matches their assigned gender are called:
cisgender.
While inflicting pain, perhaps unintentionally, on an animal or a person, a teenager may become sexually aroused and later turn out to be a sadist. The theory that BEST describes this example of the development of sadism is:
cognitive-behavioral.
Compared with erectile disorder, early ejaculation is:
common among men of all ages.
SSRIs successfully treat paraphilias, MOST likely because of the similarity of the paraphilias to:
compulsive-like disorders.
Exhibitionists engage in that type of behavior because they:
desire a shock reaction from their victim.
"It's all right to have sex with children as long as they agree." This is an example of the _____ often experienced by pedophiles.
distorted thinking
Erectile dysfunction occurs during the _____ phase of sexual arousal.
excitement
People experiencing dyspareunia:
experience pain during sex.
According to DSM-5, someone who initiates sexual contact with children is:
experiencing a paraphilia regardless of how troubled the individual may be.
Parents who want to decrease the likelihood that their young daughters will experience orgasmic disorder as adults should:
expose their daughters to positive attitudes about sex.
When people with gender dysphoria take hormones, it is in an attempt to:
facilitate their living as the other gender.
Women with female sexual interest/arousal disorder have difficulty with:
maintaining proper lubrication.
Autoerotic asphyxia is a fatal side effect associated with:
masochistic practice.
An orgasm is a release of sexual tension through:
muscle contraction.
The idea that both partners share the accountability for sexual dysfunction is known as:
mutual responsibility.
Some individuals experience a normal interest in sex but choose not to engage in sexual relations. Such people would be diagnosed with:
no sexual dysfunction.
Those MOST at risk of becoming a victim of a pedophile are:
prepubescent girls.
Blake and Campbell are in sex therapy. Currently, they are working to eliminate the spectator role. What will the therapist likely advise them to do?
refrain from having intercourse and focus on other body pleasuring instead
A technique used to treat pedophiles is to have them identify the situations that trigger pedophilic fantasies and then learn to avoid the situations or cope with them more effectively. This technique is called:
relapse-prevention training.
A person who has paraphilia:
responds sexually to a socially inappropriate object or situation.
From a psychological perspective, early ejaculation is usually the result of:
sexual inexperience.
A person with _____ is repeatedly and intensely sexually aroused by the act of being humiliated, beaten, or made to suffer.
sexual masochism disorder
The MOST common fetish is:
shoes.
DSM-5 recommends a diagnosis of paraphilia only when associated behaviors, fantasies, or urges last at least:
six months.
To be classified as having male hypoactive sexual desire disorder, a man would have a reduced interest in sex and engage in little sexual activity, with these conditions lasting:
six months.
Which hormone can cause decreased sexual desire when present in low but not high levels?
testosterone
In treating erectile disorder, the tease technique involves:
stimulating the penis but stopping stimulation once erection occurs.
Which is NOT a treatment for female orgasmic disorder?
using the squeeze technique
A woman who is inserting dilators into her vagina in a nondemand manner is probably being treated for:
vaginismus.
What is the MOST common biological cause of erectile failure in men?
vascular problems
What age group is the largest group of sexters?
young adults