PSY 420: Chapter 18- Health Psychology

ABCs of relapse prevention

A component of substance abuse relapse prevention involving an examination by the client and the health psychologist of the events that occur before (Antecedents) and after (Consequences) consuming the substance (Behavior)

Patient-Centered Medical Home (PCMH)

A model of primary care that provides comprehensive and timely care to patients, while emphasizing teamwork and patient involvement.

Values affirmation

A relatively new clinical approach in health psychology in which clients are encouraged to clarify and affirm, often in writing, their own personal values, which often contrast with their unhealthy behaviors

ABCDS of weight loss

Activity increase Behavior change Cognitive change Dietary change Social support

problem-focused coping

Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor. It emphasizes proactive, constructive attempts to take action about a stressful situation

6 months; 35%

Chronic pain- pain that last ______ _____ if longer, affects up to ___% of the population

General Adaptation Syndrome

Hans Selye's concept of the body's adaptive response to stress in three phases—alarm, resistance, exhaustion.

using relaxation training and cognitive techniques to help the patient think differently about the unpleasantness of the situation.

Health psychologists can help patients cope with medical procedures by using relaxation training and cognitive techniques to help the patient think differently about the unpleasantness of the situation. using cognitive-behavioral interventions to help the patient preemptively catastrophize possible negative outcomes. distracting the patient from learning about the medical procedure maximizing child patients' separation anxiety so they quickly reattach to their parents following surgery.

applying the operant technique of positive punishment to inconsistent patients.

Health psychologists can increase compliance with medical regimens by doing all of the following EXCEPT applying the operant technique of positive punishment to inconsistent patients. serving as liaisons between the medical provider and the patient. thoroughly educating the patient on the proposed treatment. aiding the patient in bolstering his or her social support systems.

fight or flight response

In 1932, Walter Cannon described the _____-__-_____ ________ ( when an organism perceives a threat, the body rapidly mobilizes the energy reserves via the sympathetic nervous system and endocrine system to either fight or flee)

biofeedback

One technique that health psychologists use employ in pain management is ______ _______ (to achieve control over the body via educating patients about bodily processes of which the are typically unaware.

75-90%; 6x

Researchers estimate that ____%- _____% of all visits to health care providers result from stress- related disorders and that those who are stressed are ___X more likely to be hospitalized for a physical ailment than those who are not.

withdrawal

Rolland experiences negative symptoms, including headaches and irritability, when he does not consume alcohol. A health psychologist evaluating Rolland would describe this symptom as _____. dependence abuse tolerance withdrawal

social support

Some argue that ______ _____ is the single most vital resource against stress

occurs in response to a perceived threat.

The fight-or-flight response occurs during the third stage of general adaptation syndrome. occurs in response to a perceived threat. probably hindered a more expedient evolution of primitive humans. was first described by Hamermesh and Lee in 2007.

Stress

The first applications of the field of health psychology dealt solely with the topic of __________

biofeedback

The purpose of _____ is to achieve control over the body via educating patients about bodily processes of which they are typically unaware. Technology is used to convert some physiological functions into sights or sounds the patient can monitor. detoxification the ABCDS system biofeedback cognitive psychotherapy

Belief change

Which of the following is NOT a component of the ABCDS approach to weight loss? Group of answer choicesActivity increaseDietary changeSocial supportBelief change

Social support is the perception that one has relationships that can provide support in a time of crisis.

Which of the following statements about social support is TRUE? Social support in the form of friendships enhances physical health, but social support in the forms of family relationships and romantic relationships weakens physical health. Social support is the perception that one has relationships that can provide support in a time of crisis. Social support has no documented connection to psychological health or physical health. Social support enhances psychological health but has no effect on physical health.

An individual's subjective perception of stress has little impact on his ability to cope.

Which of the following statements about stress and coping is NOT true? Researchers propose there may be a disease-prone personality that predisposes people to stress-related illnesses. Both nature and nurture factors contribute to how well someone is able to cope with stress. An individual's subjective perception of stress has little impact on his ability to cope. Problem-focused coping emphasizes proactive, constructive attempts to take action about a stressful situation.

Smoking

_____ is currently the single greatest cause of preventable death in the United States. Chronic fatigue Smoking Obesity Stress

Relaxation training

_____ represent(s) an economical and relatively quick alternative to biofeedback for pain management. Detoxification The ABCDS system Transdermal patches Relaxation training

hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis

a body system involved in stress responses and controls the release of our body's stress hormone, cortisol.

Disease-prone personality

a personality type associated with poor health; marked by persistent negative emotions, including anxiety, depression, and hostility

relaxation training

a treatment procedure that teaches clients to relax at will so they can calm themselves in stressful situations

emotion-focused coping

attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to one's stress reaction

Chronic stress

stress associated with long-term problems that are beyond a person's control

Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI)

the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health

health psychology

the subfield of psychology concerned with ways psychological factors influence the causes and treatment of physical illness and the maintenance of health