PSY Final Review

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Carl Rogers believed most of our psychological problems are the result of repressed impulses and trauma experienced in childhood, and he believed psychoanalysis would help uncover long-buried feelings.

The name "Carl Rogers" should be changed to the name "Sigmund Freud."

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Hippocrates theorized phlegmatic, the personality trait, was associated with black bile from the kidneys.

The phrase "black bile from the kidneys" should be changed to the phrase "white phlegm from the lungs."

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? It is well established that long (aerobic) but not short (anaerobic) duration exercise is beneficial for both physical and mental health.

The phrase "but not" should be changed to the word "and."

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following statement true? In the general adaptation syndrome, the fight-or-flight reaction describes the body's immediate reaction upon facing a threatening situation or emergency.

The phrase "fight-or-flight" should be changed to the word "alarm."

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Social exchange is people's desire to help others even if the costs outweigh the benefits.

The phrase "social exchange" should be replaced by the word "altruism."

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Asch conducted his prison experiment to demonstrate that social roles have a great deal of influence on individual behavior.

The word "Asch" should be replaced by "Zimbardo."

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In aversion therapy, a therapist seeks to treat clients' fears or anxiety by presenting them with the object or situation that causes their problem, with the idea that they will eventually get used to it.

The word "aversion" should be changed to the word "exposure."

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Hostile aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain.

The word "hostile" should be changed to the word "instrumental."

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Research suggests that there are two dimensions of our temperament that are important parts of our adult personality: interactivity and self-regulation.

The word "interactivity" should be changed to the word "reactivity."

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? In high-stress humans, exercise has been shown to prevent telomere lengthening.

The word "lengthening" should be changed to the word "shortening."

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts What can be changed to make the following sentence true? The physical symptoms of psychophysiological disorders are nonexistent, and they can be produced or exacerbated by psychological factors.

The word "nonexistent" should be changed to the word "real."

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Psychoneuroimmunology evolved from the discovery that there is a connection between the peripheral nervous system and the immune system.

The word "peripheral" should be changed to the word "central."

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? According to Sigmund Freud, unconscious drives influenced by sex and aggression and childhood socialization are the forces that influence our personality.

The word "socialization" should be changed to the word "sexuality."

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Evidence-based practice in psychology is the integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of therapist characteristics, culture, and preferences.

The word "therapist" should be changed to the word "client."

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts Which statement about Sternberg's triangular theory of love is most accurate?

There are three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts Why was Sigmund Freud trained as a medical doctor and not a psychologist?

There was no such thing as a degree in psychology when he received his education.

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts What is a major criticism of both the stimulus- and response-based definitions of stress?

These definitions provide a complete definition of stress.

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts What is the advantage of applying learning approaches to the study of personality?

They can be scientifically tested.

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts What is one reason that more affluent individuals may experience better health?

They tend to believe they can personally control and manage their reaction to life's stressors.

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder is incorrect?

This disorder involves feeling overwhelmed and sad for extended periods of time.

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts Who argued that the notion of mental illness was invented by society (and the mental health establishment) to stigmatize and subjugate people whose behavior violates accepted social and legal norms?

Thomas Szasz

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts Which of the following best exemplifies prosocial behavior?

Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts Dr. Frobish possesses a ________ behavior pattern because she is an intensively driven workaholic, preoccupied with deadlines, and always seems to be in a rush.

Type A

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Noomi seems to live by the "don't sweat the small stuff" concept. She is relaxed, laid-back, and never seems too concerned about meeting deadlines or finishing a to-do list. Noomi has a ________ personality.

Type B

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the resistance stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Tyrique almost falls out of the tree, but he grabs a branch, and now that the danger of falling has passed, he focuses his energy and attention on getting down from the tree safely.

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts How can we use conversion therapy to change someone's sexual orientation?

We cannot change someone's sexual orientation because it is a relatively stable characteristic of a person that cannot be changed.

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is something an advocate for arousal theory might observe?

When we are bored we look for excitement; when we are overexcited we wish for more peace.

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts Who designed the first comprehensive system of constitutional psychology?

William H. Sheldon

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about the male and female experience of stress is true?

Women report experiencing more stress than men.

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts Which question was central to the marshmallow test?

Would you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger reward later?

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts If a person says that actors make effective spokespeople for potato chips because they are above average in attractiveness, which approach is that person using to explain attitude change?

Yale attitude change

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts Which principle underlies the effectiveness of systematic desensitization?

You can't be nervous and relaxed at the same time.

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts Who conducted the Stanford prison experiment?

Zimbardo

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts What was the major flaw in the Stanford prison experiment?

Zimbardo did not use a control group.

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts What is Prader-Willi syndrome?

a genetic disorder that results in persistent feelings of intense hunger and reduced rates of metabolism

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts Amir bites his fingernails. This is an example of ________, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.

a habit

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts According to research, the need for ________ encourages Mr. Blutarski to complete a second PhD., so he can add another accomplishment to his already long list.

achievement

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

active listening

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts Tom believes he is unable to stop gambling because his friends all gamble and are a bad influence; however, he believes that Barnaby is unable to stop gambling because Barnaby is addicted to gambling. This is an example of ________.

actor-observer bias

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Marcy is in a car accident. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

acute

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts In Hans Selye's rat study, rats that were exposed to stressors over a long period of time showed signs of ________.

adrenal enlargement, thymus and lymph node shrinkage, and stomach ulceration

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts According to research, the need for ________ encourages Adam to engage politely with his coworkers.

affiliation

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, when is the most efficient time for Carl to mow the lawn?

after he has received some exciting news

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts Billie is a(n) ________ because he believes people over age 65 should have their driver's license suspended, the elderly use up important social resources, and they occupy jobs that should belong to younger, more capable people.

ageist

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts Lovell is noticeably fidgety and jittery. He can't sit still; he paces, wrings his hands, and pulls at his clothing constantly. Lovell suffers from psychomotor________.

agitation

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts Svetlana admires her boss, Helga. One day Helga forgets her briefcase and Svetlana loses all admiration for Helga. Svetlana thinks that a boss is either always perfect or not worthy of admiration. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

all-or-nothing thinking

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts Kim believed he failed his math class because the test was too hard, passed his psychology class because the professor passed every student in the class, and didn't get the internship because the manager didn't like him. Julian Rotter would say that Kim has ________.

an external locus of control

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts What is the just-world hypothesis?

an ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts Jessica believes that she succeeds in high school because she works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because she practices constantly, and cooks well because she takes cooking classes. Julian Rotter would say that Jessica has ________.

an internal locus of control

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts If parents are too lenient in the ________ stage, the child might become messy, careless, disorganized, and prone to emotional outbursts.

anal

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts Mercy has maintained her body weight far below what is healthy through starvation and constant exercise. Mercy probably suffers from ________.

anorexia

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts ________ is an eating disorder characterized by an individual maintaining body weight that is well below average through starvation and/or excessive exercise.

anorexia nervosa

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts A stressor is likely to be appraised as a threat when someone ________.

anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

antidepressants

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts Ehab is a high school science teacher. He recently received a Teacher of the Year award for his district, but he believes he only received it because no one else bothered to apply for it. He is a popular teacher, but he is convinced the students only pretend to like him so they will get better grades. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

diminished personal accomplishment

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies extrinsically motivated behavior?

babysitting your younger brother in order to receive your parents' approval

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts According to Carl Jung, which of the following best served the goal of self-realization?

balance between extroversion and introversion

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts The ________ complex is the part of the brain with dense connections with a variety of sensory areas of the brain; it is critical for classical conditioning and attaching emotional value to memory.

basolateral

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts The ________ complex and the central ________ are both part of the amygdala.

basolateral; nucleus

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts Karen Horney suggested ways in which people typically cope with day-to-day problems. According to Horney, these strategies could ________ if used rigidly and compulsively.

become neurotic strategies

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or dissociated, from one's core sense of self

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

behavior

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

behavior therapy

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing a social anxiety disorder?

behavioral inhibition

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts Behavior is a product of both the situation and the person. Which of the following is an example of a situation that might influence behavior?

being in a crowd of bystanders when you witness someone fainting

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a stressor?

being in car accident

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________.

being outside the home alone

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts The concept of perceived control refers to ________.

beliefs about the capacity to influence and shape outcomes in our lives

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts Cognitive processes refer to all characteristics previously learned: ________.

beliefs and expectations

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts ________ is stress-reduction technique whereby electronic equipment measuring a person's involuntary (neuromuscular and autonomic) activity helps him gain a level of voluntary control over these processes.

biofeedback

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts The ________ perspective suggests that psychological disorders result largely from faulty physical processes, and the ________perspective emphasizes the importance of factors such as stress and thoughts as well as environmental factors in the development of psychological disorders.

biological; psychological

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts The hierarchy of needs is the spectrum of needs ranging from basic ________ needs to ________ needs to self-actualization.

biological; social

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.

biomedical

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts Jude is a man who is emotionally and sexually attracted to both men and women. Jude is ________.

bisexual

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts ________ individuals experience emotional and erotic attractions to both same-sexed individuals and opposite-sexed individuals.

bisexual

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-White person wants assistance. This is an example of ________.

discrimination

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "A person diagnosed with a specific anxiety experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear about a particular object or situation."

change the word "anxiety" to the word "phobia"

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? The components of cognition are physiological arousal, psychological appraisal, and subjective experience.

change the word "cognition" to the word "emotion"

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "For centuries, psychological disorders were viewed from a natural perspective: attributed to a force beyond scientific understanding."

change the word "natural" to the word "supernatural"

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The psychological perspective views disorders as linked to biological phenomena, such as genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities."

change the word "psychological" to the word "biological"

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors: physiological and social.

change the word "social" to the word "cognitive"

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is the best example of a habit?

chewing on your hair to relieve stress

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts Which group is play therapy often used to treat?

children

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts According to Galen, the ________ person is passionate, ambitious, and bold.

choleric

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts Addiction is often viewed as a(an) ________ disease.

chronic

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia. This is an example of a(n) ________ stressor.

chronic

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the ________.

client says whatever comes to mind at the moment

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts The amount of time spent in therapy depends on the needs of the client and the ________.

client's personal goals

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts What is the emphasis in humanistic therapy?

client's present and future

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Humanistic therapy is also called ________ therapy.

client-centered

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Which of the following clearly influenced Sigmund Freud's theory of development?

climate of sexual repression

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

cognitive

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor. He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________.

cognitive dissonance

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive therapy

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is ________.

cognitive-behavioral therapy

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts The ________ refers to the common psychological tendencies that have been passed down from one generation to the next.

collective unconscious

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts Rhona and Jerome share each other's thoughts and feelings and are prepared to support each other, but they do not feel physical attraction. Their love is called ________.

companionate

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts Motivation describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal. In the following sentence, what is the motivation? Sheila wants to complete a marathon so she buys new running shoes and spends every day timing how long it takes her to run the high school track.

completing a marathon

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts Identify the obsession in the following sentence. "Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands."

concern over germs

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts A psychological disorder is a ________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts The Milgram experiment required the participation of a(n) ________ to play the part of the person being shocked because the experiment would be invalidated if the participant realized the electric shock treatment was faked.

confederate

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so?

confidentiality

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a ________.

confirmation bias

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts ________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar.

congruence

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other, and agree to support each other. Their love is called ________.

consummate

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings and emotions it produces?

coping

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts Exposure therapy is a ________ technique.

counterconditioning

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts Aversive conditioning is a ________.

counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________.

daily hassle

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts A high-stress job, overcrowding, and long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologists conceptualize stress as a ________.

demanding or threatening event or situation

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?

denial

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts Jerry allows others to take over and run his life. He is submissive and clings to those around him. He cannot make decisions without advice and reassurance from others, probably because he lacks self-confidence. He finds it impossible to do things on his own, and he feels uncomfortable and helpless when he is alone. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jerry's personality?

dependent personality disorder

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts Doug is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Doug found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

depersonalization

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts Anti-anxiety agents work by ________.

depressing central nervous system activity

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts Which of the following do not contribute to tension headaches?

depression

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts What is the main idea of drive theory?

deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts The ________ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events.

diathesis-stress

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts Exhibiting a personality that ________ is a common characteristic of all personality disorders.

differs markedly from the expectations of one's culture

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________.

diffusion of responsibility

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts What symptom of schizophrenia is illustrated by the following example? So bees with knees have fleas and fleas jump, I jump like a jack, Jack the Giant Killer. Giants kill and transform things and something happened, but we can't hear because our eyes are like flies that flew away.

disorganized thinking

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing a(n) ________.

dissociative fugue

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder.

dissociative identity

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Body dysmorphia is a ________.

distorted body image

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts ________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer a positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating.

distress

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts People who reach the ________ level of stress feel burned out; they are fatigued, exhausted, and their performance begins to decline.

distress

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts Jade hears a rattle. When she turns around she sees a rattlesnake inches from her leg. Her pupils dilate, her heart pounds, and she begins to sweat. This response is called the ________ response.

fight-or-flight

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts ________ is a state of intense engagement in an activity; it is usually experienced while participating in creative work and leisure endeavors.

flow

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts Paolo is a writer and when he sits down in front of his computer he can write for hours, forgetting to eat and ignoring his phone because he is intensely engaged in writing. While he is writing, Paolo is experiencing ________.

flow

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts Which type of persuasion involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

foot-in-the-door

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ________.

forces the heart to pump harder, which puts more physical strain on the heart

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

free association

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts Kara gets an F on her social psychology exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she likes to bully him, not because she had a bad day. Lee is making a ________.

fundamental attribution error

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts ________ dysphoria is a diagnostic category in DSM-5 for individuals who do not identify with the cultural expectations associated with their biological sex.

gender

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts Amy is a woman who feels emotional and sexual attraction for other women but not towards men. Amy is ________.

homosexual

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts What triggers the secondary appraisal of a stressor?

how a threat is perceived

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts Empty stomachs contract, causing both hunger pangs and the secretion of chemical messages that travel to the brain to serve as a signal to initiate feeding behavior. This is an example of ________.

how physiological mechanisms serve as the basis for hunger

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts As the "third force" in psychology, ________ is touted as a reaction both to the pessimistic determinism of psychoanalysis and to the behaviorists' view of humans passively reacting to the environment.

humanism

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

humanistic therapy

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive.

id

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a projective test ________.

in which people are presented with ambiguous images

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias.

in-group

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts Over the past few years, research suggests that stress levels in the United States have ________.

increased

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts The ________ approach to the study of personality came about in reaction to the dominance of Western approaches to the study of personality in non-Western settings.

indigenous

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of instinct?

infant rooting for a nipple

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts A(an) ________ complex refers to the feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society.

inferiority

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts Which of the following best defines the Asch effect?

influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts People view the Environmental Protection Agency as competent and believe they know correct information regarding what individuals should do to protect the environment, so they possess ________ social influence when it comes to enforcing a group norm of recycling.

informational

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts Which type of social influence involves conformity to a group norm prompted by the belief that the group is competent and has the correct information?

informational

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The stress model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with stress."

insert the word "diathesis-" before the first appearance of the word "stress"

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts An infant sucking is a good example of a(n) ________.

instinct

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts Nicole wants a cookie. Heather has a cookie. Nicole pushes Heather and takes her cookie. Nicole doesn't intend to hurt Heather, Nicole just wants the cookie. This is an example of ________.

instrumental aggression

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs.

intake

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's eighth stage of psychosocial development, in which an individual assesses and makes sense of her life and the meaning of her contributions?

integrity vs. despair

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation.

intrinsic

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Some studies show that ________ motivation may not be entirely vulnerable to the effects of extrinsic reinforcements; in fact, reinforcements such as verbal praise might actually increase ________ motivation.

intrinsic

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts ________ motivation is based on internal feelings rather than external rewards.

intrinsic

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts Ingrid is energized by being alone, speaks slowly and softly, and avoids attention. Carl Jung would call her a(an) ________.

introvert

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe?

involuntary

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts Taylor is a social worker. He is overworked, his caseload is overwhelming, and he no longer believes that what he does on a day-to-day basis has any real impact or improves anyone's life. Taylor is probably suffering from ________.

job burnout

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts Factory worker, supermarket cashier, and short-order cook are all examples of occupations with high levels of ________.

job strain

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts Grace is talking with her wife, Myanna. Myanna starts crying, and Grace immediately assumes that Myanna wants a divorce. What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

jumping to conclusions

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts The ________ hypothesis is the ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve.

just-world

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of avolition?

lack of motivation to bathe yourself

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?

lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts During which period are sexual feelings dormant as children focus on other pursuits, such as school, friendships, hobbies, and sports?

latency

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts Ocean Therapy involves group discussion and ________.

learning how to surf

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts The satiety hormone is called ________.

leptin

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Research shows that receiving some sort of extrinsic reinforcement for engaging in behaviors that we enjoy leads to those behaviors ________.

no longer providing that same enjoyment

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts Suppose you hate reality shows, but you pretend to like them in order to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by your friends, who all love reality television. This is an example of ________ social influence.

normative

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts Greg is 5 feet three inches tall and weighs 260 pounds. Greg is ________.

obese

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts Lydia is often described as having a positive outlook on life. She assumes the best of people and situations. Lydia exemplifies ________.

optimism

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts According to Sigmund Freud, an adult who smokes, drinks, overeats, or bites her nails is fixated in the ________ stage of her psychosexual development.

oral

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?

orbitofrontal cortex

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts Identify the compulsion in the following example. Demarco can't stop thinking about his book collection, which includes hundreds of first editions. He wants it to be in a particular order. He spends hours every day organizing his books alphabetically by author, then by color, then by size.

organizing the books

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts Self-efficacy is ________.

our level of confidence in our own abilities

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of actor-observer bias?

Akbar believes he is unable to stop gambling because his friends all gamble and are a bad influence, yet Tim is unable to stop gambling because he is addicted to gambling.

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Which of the following theorists is not neo-Freudian?

Albert Bandura

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts Who developed social-cognitive theory?

Albert Bandura

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts Who said, "The intensity and chronicity of human stress is governed largely by perceived control over the demands of one's life"?

Albert Bandura

Unanswered Question 79 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is true about neurodevelopmental disorders?

All neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in early childhood.

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts What was the main idea behind Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?

An individual's personality develops throughout the lifespan.

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a way that anorexia nervosa is different from bulimia nervosa?

Anorexia is associated with starvation, and bulimia is associated with binge eating.

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about the relationship between stress and performance is true?

As stress levels increase from low to moderate, performance also increases.

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts The ________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment.

Asch

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts Henry is juror number four in a murder trial. He believes the accused is guilty, but when the jurors vote it becomes clear he is the only one that thinks this way. Henry votes not guilty along with the other jurors despite what he sees as evidence clearly indicating guilt. This is an example of the ________ effect.

Asch

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts What is the major flaw in the Asch conformity study?

Asch ignored the importance of several factors influencing conformity—including race, class, and gender.

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a stimulus-based definition of stress?

Caroline experiences stress because she is home alone and hears unusual noises outside.

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the overjustification effect?

Children enjoy playing with toys until they are told they will get paid to play with toys. They may still play with toys to get paid, but they view it differently because they are getting paid.

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Which of the following makes it more likely that a child will be bullied?

Children who are different from others are more likely to be bullied.

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts The ________ Concerning Blacks Test is a projective test designed to be culturally relevant to African-Americans, using images that relate to African-American culture.

Contemporized-Themes

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a reason that depression is associated with heart disease?

Depression may increase the likelihood of living an unhealthy lifestyle, which increases the risk of heart disease.

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts Which statement about Sternberg's triangular theory of love is incorrect?

Different aspects of love are hierarchical. For example, companionate love is much better and longer lasting than consummate love.

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts ________ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors.

Dispositionism

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts Who led the reform efforts for mental health care in the United States?

Dorothea Dix

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts Which of the following explains why most psychiatric hospitals emphasize short-term care?

Due to the very high cost of psychiatric hospitalization, insurance coverage often limits the length of time one can be hospitalized.

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts What does research show regarding race and ethnic differences in those who receive mental health services?

Ethnic minorities tend to utilize mental health services less frequently than White, middle-class Americans.

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of a flashback?

Eugene was in a motorcycle accident. When he hears a sudden loud noise he relives the accident and feels as if it is happening all over again.

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts The traits openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism are key components of the ________.

Five Factor Model

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify?

Freudian slip

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts Who developed biofeedback as a technique to treat combat stress?

Gary Schwartz

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?

Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of flight of ideas?

Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly.

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts Which statement about groupthink is correct?

Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus.

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts Who defined stress as, "the response of the body to any demand, whether it is caused by, or results in, pleasant or unpleasant conditions"?

Hans Selye

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts Who believed that our personality traits are influenced by our genetic inheritance?

Hans and Sybil Eysenck

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts Which principle underlies cognitive therapy?

How you think determines how you feel.

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?

Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts Nawaz and his boyfriend break up. Nawaz makes an internal attribution for this outcome. Complete the sentence to show an internal attribution that Nawaz could make. My boyfriend broke up with me because ________.

I am unlovable.

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts What was the primary finding of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart?

Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have very similar personalities.

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis?

In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts What is the main point of the textbook discussion of Milgram's obedience study?

Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person.

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of homeostasis?

Ingesting too much alcohol leads to vomiting.

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?

It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem.

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder?

It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors.

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts What is a common criticism of Kinsey's sex research?

It is riddled with sampling and statistical errors.

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts What is a major criticism of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

It is subjective.

Unanswered Question 58 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about psychoanalysis is false?

It was the dominant form of therapy in the 19th century.

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts What does set point theory suggest about the probable results of bariatric surgery?

It will not result in long term weight loss because the body will resist change and seek its initial set point.

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts Who identified psychological disorders as a harmful dysfunction?

Jerome C. Wakefield

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts Who proposed the locus of control concept?

Julian Rotter

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts Who suggested that men have womb envy because they cannot give birth?

Karen Horney

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a way that the Kinsey research differed from the Masters and Johnson research?

Kinsey collected data with personal interviews; Masters and Johnson recorded measurements of physiological variables.

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts Lana is late for dinner with her parents. They don't care, but she thinks this is a catastrophe—an inaccurate view of the situation that leads her to feel bad about herself. In this example, what represents the cognitive distortion?

Lana thinking that being late for dinner is a catastrophe

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts Which example best exemplifies homophily?

Latara and Vaughn are the same race and attend the same church. They met in their psychology class, a subject they both major in. They begin to date.

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the exhaustion stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

Latricia has been lost in the woods for days. After such a long period of anxiety and fear, Latricia collapses by a tree.

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias?

Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Max's behavior and self-presentation is relaxed and informal with his friends. When he goes on a job interview he projects professionalism and formality with his attire and language. What would Carl Jung suggest about Max?

Max adopted a professional persona for his job interview.

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Who was the social psychology professor at Yale who designed an obedience study in order to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis?

Milgram

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts What is a major problem with the original Milgram study?

Milgram lied to his respondents, making his study borderline unethical.

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts The ________ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile.

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts What do studies show about the relationship between stress and memory?

Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of educational material.

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.

Unanswered Question 43 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about motivation is incorrect?

Motivation never changes.

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts Carl Jung's view of extroverted and introverted types serves as a basis of the ________.

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of self-efficacy?

Naomi believes she can successfully complete law school.

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts What is the main difference between Sigmund Freud and the neo-Freudians?

Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex.

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts What does research suggest about the comparative effectiveness of psychotherapeutic techniques?

No studies have found one psychotherapeutic approach more effective than another.

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism?

Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts According to research, how does the public view children and teens with mental health disorders?

Over 1,300 U.S. adults believe children with depression are prone to violence.

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?

Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

Unanswered Question 8 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding social exchange theory?

People are dissatisfied if their social exchanges create more costs than benefits unless the relationship is an example of consummate love.

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts What is the main point of the quizmaster study?

People will overlook obvious situational influences on behavior.

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts What did a 2006 special report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) suggest about the amount of mental illness in the criminal justice system?

People with mental illnesses are overrepresented in probation and parole populations.

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is false of dissociative disorders?

People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts Which statement about social psychology is most accurate?

People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social situations

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts How are the principles of reciprocal determinism present in observational learning?

Personal factors determine which behaviors in the environment a person chooses to imitate.

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts What is the main idea of the behavioral perspective on personality?

Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism.

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of histrionic personality disorder?

Phoebe feels uncomfortable when she is not the center of attention, and she has alienated friends by demanding excessive amounts of their attention.

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of paranoid personality disorder?

Rafe is extremely suspicious of the people around him and mistrusts them for no identifiable reason.

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory?

Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed.

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts The ________ Inkblot Test employs a series of symmetrical inkblot cards that are presented to a client by a psychologist in an effort to reveal the person's unconscious desires, fears, and struggles.

Rorschach

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Who developed the first comprehensive theory of personality?

Sigmund Freud

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts Who developed psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training?

Simon bites his mother

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts Which of the following describes the Yerkes-Dodson law?

Simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, yet complex tasks are performed best when arousal levels are low.

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts Is anger suppression or anger expression a more effective approach for coping with racism?

Some research shows anger suppression is more effective while other research shows anger expression is more effective.

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of schizotypal personality disorder?

Stella laughed when her dog died and cried while watching a funny movie.

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts How can a study that involves exposing people to live viruses demonstrate a link between stress and impaired immune function?

Stress weakens the immune system, so people with high stress levels should be more likely to get sick.

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts The ________ uses images and storytelling that relate to Hispanic culture.

TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not a reason that ADHD may be overdiagnosed?

The amount of ADHD in the population has increased tenfold since it was first identified.

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about the basolateral complex is incorrect?

The amygdala is part of the basolateral complex.

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts Which of the following describes how the cognitive-mediational theory is different from the facial feedback hypothesis?

The cognitive-mediational theory suggests that our emotions are determined by our appraisal of the stimulus while the facial feedback hypothesis does not.

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a negative effect of extended cortisol release caused by chronic or prolonged stress?

The immune system is weakened.

Unanswered Question 11 0 / 1 pts Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this?

overgeneralization

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts Tesla crafts imitation dream catchers in her spare time. Her father constantly encourages her to sell them on eBay. When she finally agrees to sell them, she notices that while she still enjoys making the dream catchers, she no longer does it for fun—she does it to make money. This is an example of the ________ effect.

overjustification

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts ________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.

paranoid

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts An archetype is a ________.

pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts Which type of persuasion involves an indirect route that relies on association of peripheral cues to associate positivity with a message?

peripheral route

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts When it comes to social psychology, a script is a ________.

person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts Carl Jung referred to the ________ as the mask we adopt.

persona

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts Immanuel Kant used the terms persistent, steadfast, and calm to describe a ________ person.

phlegmatic

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________.

phobia

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts Food, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

physiological

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact.

physiological

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors: ________.

physiological and cognitive

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts Which therapeutic process involves the use of toys?

play therapy

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

play therapy

Unanswered Question 2 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide?

popular music that promotes suicide

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________.

positive outlook and positive expectations

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives?

positive psychology

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was ________.

possessed by demons

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts Which of the following are good examples of the security level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

safety and employment

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts ________are mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as wearing bland, neutral clothes to avoid drawing attention to oneself.

safety behaviors

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of ________.

social support

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts What is a social role?

socially defined pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails. What kind of delusion is this?

somatic

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts Fatima generalizes that all men are irresponsible players, cheaters, and liars. When it comes to men, Fatima may be applying ________: negative beliefs about individuals based solely on their membership in a group.

stereotypes

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts The use of ________ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.

stimulants

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts For Burt, who has claustrophobia, a small dark room creates a small amount of fear, a stairwell creates a bit more fear, and an elevator creates the most fear. Burt's therapist induces deep relaxation and asks him to imagine a small dark room. Gradually, they will work up to having Burt imagine being in an elevator. What aspect of exposure therapy is this?

stimulus hierarchy

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts What kind of family therapy involves the therapist guiding the therapy session and developing treatment plans for each family member's specific problem?

strategic

Unanswered Question 56 0 / 1 pts A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ________.

stressor

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts Carl Rogers called his therapeutic orientation client-centered therapy because he thought the term "patient" ________.

suggested the person seeking help was sick and looking for a cure

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts Which of the following was one of Alfred Adler's main contributions to personality theory?

suggesting that our birth order shapes our personality

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts ________ involves thoughts of death by suicide, thinking about or planning suicide, or making a suicide attempt.

suicidal ideation

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

systematic desensitization

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism?

teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the self-fulfilling prophecy?

telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could learn to read with a bit of extra effort

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ________.

that applies to women who experience an episode of major depression either during pregnancy or in the four weeks following childbirth

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts ________ have over 85% of the l,669 federally designated mental health professional shortage areas.

rural areas

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts Eli seeks attention, acts first while thinking later, and prefers verbal communication. Carl Jung would describe him as a(an) ________.

extrovert

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe the ________.

facial feedback hypothesis

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts Which of the following are examples of the social level in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

family and friendship

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts Roger and Joan have passion in their relationship, and they agree they will support each other. But when it comes to sharing their thoughts, they lack intimacy. Their love is called ________.

fatuous

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not an example of suicidal ideation?

fearing you will die

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts The facial ________ hypothesis states that facial expressions are capable of influencing our emotions.

feedback

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), in 2008, ________ of adults received treatment for a mental health issue.

13.4%

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, ________ of U.S. adults experienced mental illness in 2012.

19%

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts When did the term stress enter scientific literature?

1930s

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Antipsychotic medicines were first introduced in ________.

1954

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts Statistics show that ________ of homeless adults living in shelters experience mental illness.

26%

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path.

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts Which of the following examples accurately reflects the Yerkes-Dodson law?

A low level of arousal will lead to optimal performance when disarming a bomb.

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts Why do so many people believe there is a link between autism and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine?

A prestigious medical journal published a paper, which was later retracted, that identified a link.

Unanswered Question 71 0 / 1 pts Which of the following statements about drive theory is incorrect?

According to drive theory, we are driven to develop new physiological needs in order to motivate our own behavior.

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a way that the James-Lange theory of emotion differs from the Schachter-Singer theory of emotion?

According to the James-Lange theory, emotions arise from physiological arousal; according to the Schachter-Singer theory, emotions include a cognitive factor and a physiological factor.

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Adderall

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts Because we have developed certain response tendencies, ________ believed that we demonstrate consistent behavior patterns.

B. F. Skinner

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of a secondary appraisal of a stressor?

Berkley believes she can end an argument with her wife by apologizing or buying her wife a gift. She decides apologizing is more effective.

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not something the theories of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow have in common?

Both theories focus on the personality formed in infancy.

Unanswered Question 36 0 / 1 pts How is homosexuality similar to bisexuality?

Both types of sexuality involve loving another person.

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a good example of a response-based definition of stress?

Bruce experiences stress because his heart rate increased when he noticed Jack had a knife.

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts Who developed client-centered therapy?

Carl Rogers

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts ________ refers to prejudice and discrimination against individuals based solely on their same-sex orientation.

homophobia

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts From an early age, Kwaku got into trouble constantly. He continually violates the rights of others and he often lies, fights, and has problems with the law. Generally, he is impulsive and fails to think ahead. He is frequently deceitful and manipulative in order to get the things he wants, and he never regrets his misdeeds or considers the feelings of those he has harmed. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Kwaku's personality?

antisocial personality disorder

Unanswered Question 27 0 / 1 pts ________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.

anxiety

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts A panic disorder is a type of ________disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks.

anxiety

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts Which mental disorder is least likely to be treated in children 8-15 years old?

anxiety disorder

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts In Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, behavior refers to ________.

anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________.

appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Many cultures have stories about a hero who goes on a quest, such as Hercules, King Arthur, and Gilgamesh. What would Carl Jung say this exemplified?

archetype

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not a way we tend to think of personality? Our personalities ________.

are mutable

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts Professor Morooka works 60 hours a week for 9 months of the year. During this time he longs for a break. When he finally gets a break, he misses the sense of accomplishment he feels when he is working. ________ theory suggests that this is because there is an optimal level of arousal that we all try to maintain.

arousal

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts A(n) ________ attack is often triggered by environmental factors, such as air pollution, allergens, cigarette smoke, airway infections, cold air or a sudden change in temperature, and exercise.

asthma

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts Alma has a serious disease in which the airways of her respiratory system become obstructed, leading to great difficulty expelling air from the lungs. Which disease does Alma have?

asthma

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts ________ were the first institutions created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders.

asylums

Unanswered Question 64 0 / 1 pts Which of the following exemplifies intrinsically motivated behavior?

attending a mosque because you believe it is the right thing to do

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts In the following sentence, identify the intrinsic motivation. Leela, age 16, attends free lectures at the community college because she loves to learn, she visits her grandmother to hear about her mother's childhood, and she cooks dinner and cleans the house once a week to earn her allowance.

attending free lectures because she loves to learn

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________.

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts A(n) ________ is the evaluation of or feelings toward a person, idea, or object that are typically positive or negative.

attitude

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts ________ can increase the risk of obesity and diabetes as well as elevate cholesterol levels; it can also cause constipation, dry mouth, blurred vision, drowsiness, and dizziness.

atypical antipsychotics

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts Which childhood disorder is characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests?

autism spectrum disorder

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts Rheumatoid arthritis is considered a(n) ________ disease because it involves the body mistaking its own healthy cells for invaders and repeatedly attacking them.

autoimmune

Unanswered Question 72 0 / 1 pts What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's second stage of psychosexual development, in which a sense of independence in many tasks develops?

autonomy vs. shame/doubt

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails?

aversive conditioning

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality?

avoidant personality disorder

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts Mae notices that her daughter, Natalie, is extremely preoccupied with the freckles on her nose. Mae can barely see the freckles, but Natalie spends hours in front of the mirror and recently declared that her nose is deformed and she is ugly. She spent her entire weekend applying products to eliminate the freckles, and she recently announced her plans to save money for plastic surgery. Mae believes her daughter may have a ________ disorder.

body dysmorphic

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts Hans Selye's definition of stress is considered a response-based definition because it conceptualizes stress chiefly in terms of the ________.

body's physiological reaction to any demand that is placed on it

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

borderline personality disorder

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts What often happened to patients in the early years of using electroshock therapy?

broke their backs

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts Anasophia binges on chocolates, then induces vomiting, and then swallows laxatives. Anasophia probably suffers from ________ nervosa.

bulimia

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts The ________ is demonstrated by the attack on Kitty Genovese.

bystander effect

Unanswered Question 35 0 / 1 pts The belief that you ________ is an example of a delusion.

can perform miracles

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Etiology is another word for ________.

causes

Unanswered Question 80 0 / 1 pts Which type of persuasion involves logic-driven arguments using data and facts to convince people of an argument's worthiness?

central route

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________.

challenge; threat

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Prader-Willi syndrome is a set of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive behaviors and communication and social problems.

change the name "Prader-Willi syndrome" to the name "Autism Spectrum Disorder"

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? According to the Schachter-Singer law, simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, and complex tasks are performed best when arousal is low.

change the phrase "Schachter-Singer" to the phrase "Yerkes-Dodson"

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "Acrophobia is characterized by intense fear, anxiety, and avoidance of situations in which it might be difficult to escape or receive help if one experiences symptoms of a panic attack."

change the word "acrophobia" to the word "agoraphobia"

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts Thalia suffers from insomnia. She tries everything, and she finally develops the habit of counting backward when she wants to sleep but cannot. Thalia finds that she falls asleep much easier once she starts counting backward, so she continues to do so. ________ theory suggests that she continues this habit because it results in homeostasis.

drive

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts The ________ personality is anxious, self-conscious, artistic, thoughtful, quiet, and private.

ectomorph

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts ECT stands for ________.

electroconvulsive therapy

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts The culture display rule is one of the culturally specific standards that govern the types and frequencies of ________ that are acceptable.

emotion

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts Oleksiy is an adjunct professor in the Department of Fine Arts. He applied for a full-time job recently, which he did not get. He tries to put this situation in a positive light, reminding himself that he will have more time to produce artwork if he is not working a full-time job. He also reminds himself that some of his friends from grad school can't find work related to art in any way. Which type of coping approach is Oleksiy using?

emotion focused

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts A(n) ________ is a subjective state of being that we often describe as our feelings. A(n) ________ refers to a prolonged, less intense, affective state that does not occur in response to something we experience.

emotion; mood

Unanswered Question 60 0 / 1 pts The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal level. These topics include ________.

emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition

Unanswered Question 69 0 / 1 pts Mark and Rosa commit to support each other, but they have no real physical passion and do not share their thoughts and feelings. Their love is called ________.

empty

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________?

episodic

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

esteem

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts ________ is the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.

eustress

Unanswered Question 24 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders?

excessive, persistent fear and anxiety

Unanswered Question 22 0 / 1 pts Anna is a school counselor. She hates going to work and wants to lock the door and cry whenever a student comes to her for help. She just doesn't feel like she has anything left to give. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify?

exhaustion

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts Which of the following factors does not strongly predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder?

experiencing trauma in isolation

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts A(an) ________ locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an ________ locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes.

external; internal

Unanswered Question 37 0 / 1 pts Luis works part-time after school to earn money so he can afford a secondhand motorcycle. Luis is working because of ________ motivation.

extrinsic

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts ________ motivation arises from external factors or rewards.

extrinsic

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts Hans and Sybil Eysenck viewed people as having two specific personality dimensions: ________.

extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________.

generalized anxiety disorder

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's seventh stage of psychosocial development, in which individuals contribute to society and focus on being a part of a family?

generativity vs. stagnation

Unanswered Question 78 0 / 1 pts In the ________ stage, there is a sexual reawakening as the incestuous urges resurface. The young person redirects these urges to other, more socially acceptable partners (who often resemble the other-sex parent).

genital

Unanswered Question 49 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion?

getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts How can parents help their children achieve high congruence?

giving them unconditional love

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts Breach of confidentiality is a greater risk in ________ therapy.

group

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts ________ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group.

group polarization

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts Social psychology is a field that studies both interpersonal and intrapersonal behavior. Which of the following is an example of interpersonal behavior?

group processes

Unanswered Question 50 0 / 1 pts Which treatment modality involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician?

group therapy

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts What is modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus?

groupthink

Unanswered Question 57 0 / 1 pts According to the American Psychological Association (APA), three factors work together to produce successful treatment. Which of the following is not one of the three factors?

having a psychologist or therapist of the same sex

Unanswered Question 40 0 / 1 pts Based on the discussion in your text, which of the following strategies would effectively reduce prejudice between groups?

having groups meet under equal terms and cooperate on a task

Unanswered Question 41 0 / 1 pts A ________ psychologist might investigate why people continue to smoke or eat high fat and processed food despite knowing the potential adverse health implications of such behaviors.

health

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts The Center for Investigating Healthy Minds conducts rigorous academic research on ________.

healthy aspects of the mind, such as kindness, forgiveness, compassion, and mindfulness

Unanswered Question 38 0 / 1 pts What is the goal of humanistic therapy?

helping people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts ________ describes a proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics.

heritability

Unanswered Question 25 0 / 1 pts Tammy has a positive view of challenges: She views them as tasks to be mastered. She develops a deep interest in and a strong commitment to becoming a good teacher. When she doesn't pass her first teaching praxis, she quickly recovers and works to overcome the setback. Albert Bandura would say Tammy has ________.

high self-efficacy

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Drive theory states that deviations from ________ create physiological needs that result in psychological drive states that direct behavior to meet the need.

homeostasis

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts Sweating and shivering are responses created due to internal temperature fluctuations, and they are designed to bring the body back into ________.

homeostasis

Unanswered Question 31 0 / 1 pts Angela transfers to a new high school for gifted children and has trouble making friends. She expected this and plans to change it by joining more after school clubs and sitting next to different people at lunch. She believes she has effective options for dealing with the stressor of having no friends; therefore, she experiences ________.

less stress than someone who has no effective options

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts Dan avoids applying to college because he doubts he can succeed. He is working a retail job, but he tends to focus on the things he does wrong. In fact, he has almost no confidence in his abilities, and when he experiences a setback at work he is ready to quit. Albert Bandura would say Dan has ________.

low self-efficacy

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts In the following sentence, identify the extrinsic motivation. Kit, who lives with her father, maintains a 3.5 grade average in order to keep her phone, visits her mother every weekend because she wants to, and joins the high school basketball team because she enjoys the sport.

maintaining a 3.5 grade average

Unanswered Question 62 0 / 1 pts Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

mania

Unanswered Question 77 0 / 1 pts Antipsychotic drugs, such as Haldol, are used to treat all of the following except ________.

manic episodes

Unanswered Question 30 0 / 1 pts The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ________.

meditation

Unanswered Question 67 0 / 1 pts A person's ________ rate is the amount of energy she expends in a given period of time.

metabolic

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts Research shows that ________; performance tends to suffer ________.

moderate arousal is generally best; when arousal is very high or very low

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts What is groupthink?

modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal, also called ________.

motivation

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts ________ is wants or needs that direct behavior toward some goal.

motivation

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts When Marcos is unhappy, he is mean to other children; he calls them names and behaves aggressively toward them. He often manipulates his peers into doing what he wants. What coping strategy is Marcos using?

moving against people

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts When Fay feels anxious, she retreats to her closet with a flashlight, using the closet as a private hideaway. What coping strategy is Fay using?

moving away from people

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts When Imogene feels anxiety, she clings to her mother and father for affection and reassurance. What coping strategy is Imogene using?

moving toward people

Unanswered Question 42 0 / 1 pts Karen Horney described three coping styles when dealing with anxiety. Which of the following is not one of them?

moving with people

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan's personality?

narcissistic personality disorder

Unanswered Question 61 0 / 1 pts What kind of symptoms involves reflecting noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?

negative

Unanswered Question 70 0 / 1 pts Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

posttraumatic stress

Unanswered Question 32 0 / 1 pts Keegan is a police officer. She was recently placed on administrative leave because she was shot during an armed robbery. Since the shooting, she can't stop thinking about how it felt to be shot, she is often angry with her husband, she jumps when she hears a loud noise, and she takes a 15 minute detour when driving home to avoid the neighborhood where it happened. Keegan probably suffers from ________.

posttraumatic stress disorder

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts Which type of appraisal involves judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail?

primary

Unanswered Question 75 0 / 1 pts Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress: He immediately uses the Internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate non-essentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using?

problem focused

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts Deinstitutionalization refers to the ________.

process of closing large asylums

Unanswered Question 16 0 / 1 pts Dr. Grimes conducts a ________ by requesting that his patient respond to ambiguous stimuli, thus revealing hidden feelings, impulses, and desires.

projective test

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill?

psychiatric hospitals

Unanswered Question 18 0 / 1 pts A school counselor leads a support group for children whose parents have AIDS. The counselor focuses on defining AIDS, discussing treatment and side effects of treatment, and how the children can develop coping mechanisms. This exemplifies ________.

psycho-educational treatment

Unanswered Question 54 0 / 1 pts Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

psychodynamic psychotherapy

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder.

psychotic

Unanswered Question 68 0 / 1 pts Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________.

race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Unanswered Question 21 0 / 1 pts Ashaela is Black, and she is attending a college with a predominately White population. She is the only Black student in several of her classes; last week in her psychology class, another student muttered a racist slur as she passed Ashaela's desk. Ashaela is attempting to cope by talking to her parents about her heritage and joining the Black Student Union on campus. This exemplifies the ________ strategy for coping with racism.

racial identity

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not part of Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory?

reaction formation

Unanswered Question 39 0 / 1 pts Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has ________.

reciprocity

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts When it comes to relationships, we expect to share thoughts, feelings, and ideas in a mutual exchange called ________.

reciprocity

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is the time immediately following an orgasm during which an individual is incapable of experiencing another orgasm?

refractory period

Unanswered Question 17 0 / 1 pts After Mike does not get the job he interviewed for, he moves back in with his parents and spends his days playing video games. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify?

regression

Unanswered Question 73 0 / 1 pts Repeated drug use and/or alcohol use after a period of improvement from substance abuse is called ________.

relapse

Unanswered Question 6 0 / 1 pts What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Unanswered Question 15 0 / 1 pts Joffrey talks and moves slowly. When asked a question, he answers slowly in monotone monosyllables, if he answers at all. Joffrey is experiencing psychomotor________.

retardation

Unanswered Question 19 0 / 1 pts Which demographic category reported the least amount of stress during 1983, 2006, and 2009?

retired people

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts Diane and Bruce share their intimate thoughts and emotions and are physically attracted to each other, but their love does not contain any expectations beyond that. Their love is called ________.

romantic

Unanswered Question 13 0 / 1 pts In California, undocumented migrants are often blamed for high unemployment in the state, although statistics show that high unemployment is not related to the number of illegal migrants. In this example, illegal migrants are victims of ________: the act of blaming an out-group when the in-group experiences frustration or is blocked from obtaining a goal.

scapegoating

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts Veena's thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with?

schizophrenia

Unanswered Question 7 0 / 1 pts Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?

schizophrenia

Unanswered Question 44 0 / 1 pts Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during midwinter. What kind of depression does Alexis have?

seasonal pattern

Unanswered Question 76 0 / 1 pts ________ is a subtype of depression in which a person experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder only during a particular time of year.

seasonal pattern

Unanswered Question 47 0 / 1 pts Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent groupthink from occurring?

seeking outside opinions on group decisions

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts The concept of ________ suggests that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs.

selective migration

Unanswered Question 14 0 / 1 pts According to Abraham Maslow, the highest need is ________.

self-actualization

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts If you believe you will win the hot dog eating competition, then you have a sense of ________, and you are more likely to enter the hot dog eating competition.

self-efficacy

Unanswered Question 5 0 / 1 pts Following an outcome, ________ are those attributions that enable us to see ourselves in favorable light.

self-serving bias

Unanswered Question 65 0 / 1 pts Penny gets an acting job on Friday that she attributes to her good acting. She doesn't get the next acting job; therefore, she blames the casting director for not wanting to hire a woman. This is an example of ________.

self-serving bias

Unanswered Question 46 0 / 1 pts Which theory asserts that each individual has an ideal body weight that is resistant to change?

set point

Unanswered Question 59 0 / 1 pts Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________.

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

Unanswered Question 63 0 / 1 pts Dale thinks that women shouldn't work outside the home and vows never to hire a woman at his bank. Dale's attitudes and planned course of action are ________.

sexist

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts The ________ response cycle includes four phases including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

sexual

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts Researchers who studied people injured in the 9/11 attacks found that the injured later suffered from ________. These results demonstrate how stress is linked to the development and progression of a variety of physical illnesses and diseases.

significantly elevated rates of heart disease

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts Anna thinks that Bill is rude to her because she had to seat him in a noisy, crowded area of the restaurant. Anna takes a ________ view of Bill.

situationist

Unanswered Question 55 0 / 1 pts David attempts to minimize the costs of his relationship with Daniel while maximizing benefits. He enjoys Daniel's company, but he tries to avoid helping him move. This is an example of the ________ theory.

social exchange

Unanswered Question 51 0 / 1 pts Travis is part of a group playing tug-of-war. He knows that his team is stronger, so he doesn't try as hard as he could. Travis is engaged in ________.

social loafing

Unanswered Question 3 0 / 1 pts Who was Stanley Milgram?

social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

Unanswered Question 1 0 / 1 pts What is the main point of the Stanford prison experiment?

social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

Unanswered Question 4 0 / 1 pts Advice, guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and financial help are all examples of ________.

social support

Unanswered Question 26 0 / 1 pts A recent study compared the vaccination histories of 256 children with autism spectrum disorder with that of 752 control children across three time periods during their first two years of life. Researchers found that ________.

the quantity of immunogens from vaccines received during the first two years of life were not at all related to the development of autism spectrum disorder

Unanswered Question 48 0 / 1 pts In Carl Jung's view, the task of integrating unconscious archetypal aspects of the self is part of ________ in the second half of life.

the self-realization process

Unanswered Question 52 0 / 1 pts Transgender hormone therapy is ________.

the use of hormones to make one's body look more like the opposite-sex

Unanswered Question 33 0 / 1 pts Janeka does poorly on her psychology final, so she picks on her mother's ability to cook. A frustration aggression theorist might explain this by focusing on ________.

the way Janeka's frustration with her exam led her to be aggressive toward her mother

Unanswered Question 66 0 / 1 pts What principle underlies cognitive-behavioral therapy?

thoughts affect behavior

Unanswered Question 10 0 / 1 pts A stressor would be appraised as a ________ if someone anticipates that it could lead to some kind of harm, loss, or other negative consequence; however, if someone believes that it carries the potential for gain or personal growth, it would be appraised as a ________.

threat; challenge

Unanswered Question 45 0 / 1 pts Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.

token economy

Unanswered Question 12 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is an example of eustress?

training for a marathon

Unanswered Question 74 0 / 1 pts ________ theorists attempt to explain our personality by identifying our stable characteristics and ways of behaving.

trait

Unanswered Question 53 0 / 1 pts Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

unconditional positive regard

Unanswered Question 23 0 / 1 pts Lexi cannot control her impulses to pull out her hair. Her friend Paul suggests that she see a therapist and Lexi agrees. She gets a referral from her primary care physician for a therapist and begins seeing Dr. Clark four times a month. What kind of treatment does this describe?

voluntary

Unanswered Question 28 0 / 1 pts Motivation describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal. What is the motivation in the following sentence? Giorgio works part-time at a diner so he can afford to attend culinary school because he wants to become a chef, even though he is in debt.

wanting to become a chef

Unanswered Question 20 0 / 1 pts Which of the following is not one of the three aspects of job burnout?

wanting to quit

Unanswered Question 34 0 / 1 pts Due to Dominique' s obsessive-compulsive disorder, she may ________.

wash her hands every 10 minutes throughout the day.

Unanswered Question 9 0 / 1 pts How long does psychoanalysis typically take?

years

Unanswered Question 29 0 / 1 pts In Hippocrates theory of personality, what bodily humor was associated with choleric temperament?

yellow bile from the liver