psy hw exam 3 pt2

Damage to the hypothalamus may produce dramatic changes in

eating

One difference between the male and female sexual response is that during the resolution phase, males

enter a refractory phase in which they are unable to have another orgasm.

The main class of female sex hormones, produced principally by the ovaries. is known as _____.

estrogens

The _____ approach to motivation emphasizes ways in which our behavior is shaped by our species' shared history.

evolutionary

The _______ approach to motivation emphasizes the role of species-specific instincts in directing behavior.

evolutionary

the _______ stage of the human sexual response is the first stage, characterized by engorgement of blood vessels and increased blood flow to the genitals.

excitement

What is the correct order of the stages of the human sexual response pattern?

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

The Schachter--Singer two-factor theory of emotion suggests that emotion is the result of the interpretation of nonspecific arousal based on which of the following?

external cues

The idea that facial expressions can influence emotions as well as reflect them is known as the _____ hypothesis.

facial feedback

A person's sexual orientation is defined by whom he or she has engaged in sexual activity with.

false

Most psychologists agree that the polygraph is an effective method of lie detection.

false

People can be talked into changing their sexual orientation.

false

The weight set point is partly determined by the amount of _______ stored in the body

fat

Stomach contractions play an important role in the biology of

hunger

Several brain structures play a role in sexual behavior, but the _____ in the brain is the center for sexual motivation.

hypothalamus

The lateral _______ is the part of brain that is significantly involved in regulating hunger.

hypothalamus

Which of the following are characteristics of the excitement phase of the human sexual response pattern?

increased blood flow to the genitals engorgement of blood vessels lubrication of the vagina in females

Research on the role of genetics in obesity has found that

obesity has a significant genetic component.

During the third phase of the human sexual response pattern, _______ occurs. This is characterized by an explosive release of neuromuscular tension and intense feelings of pleasure.

orgasm

The basic premise of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is that _____.

people must satisfy lower-level needs before they can focus on higher-level needs

According to Maslow, the most basic need is _____.

physiological

Men typically first achieve complete erections during the _______ phase of the human sexual response cycle.

plateau

The capacity to thrive during difficult times and cope successfully with adversity is known as

resilience

Stereotyped patterns of expectations for how people should behave sexually are called sexual

scripts

As in the concept of weight, there may be a happiness _______ point, and our happiness may fluctuate around this.

set

When looking at the biology of weight, the _______ point is partly determined by the amount of fat stored in the body.

set

The direction of someone's erotic interests is called their _____.

sexual orientation

A _____ is a pattern of expectations for how people should behave sexually.

sexual script

Genetic research shows that happiness is _____ heritable.

significantly but not entirely

Which of these are measured by a polygraph test?

skin conductance level heart rate breathing

The decision about whether to have sex with a person is often based on our perception of the individual with whom we are having sex, their perception of us, and the meaning and consequences of the sexual activity. What is this is an example of?

the cognitive aspect of sexual behavior

Many emotions are expressed the same way in all cultures.

true

Resilient individuals tend to use positive emotions to reverse the stress of negative feelings.

true

The _____ theory of emotion says that emotion is affected by both physiological arousal and our interpretation of the situation.

two-factor

Which statements about the accuracy of polygraphs are correct? (Select all that apply.)

Results can be flawed because people may be aroused for reasons other than lying. The results can be affected by drugs in the person's body.

In a study by Schachter and Singer (1962), participants who were aroused as a result of receiving an injection of epinephrine did which of the following?

-Rated themselves as happy when they were with a happy person -Were not influenced by the emotions of others as long as they had been told the injection would make them feel jittery -Rated themselves as angry when they were with an angry person

An early sex research pioneer, Alfred Kinsey, gathered data from anyone willing to talk to him. Why was using this interview technique and collecting data in this way a problem?

His sample was essentially self-selected and not representative.

One important factor in the sensation of _____ is the change in the glucose levels in the blood.

Hunger

Motivation for sexual behavior is centered in the _______ in the brain.

Hypothalamus

While hiking with friends, you notice the trail is coming close to a cliff. You're not sure if you should feel nervous, so you look at your friends' faces. They look scared, so you begin to feel scared. What theory of emotion does this support?

two-factor

Which of the following play an important role in the biology of hunger?

blood chemistry stomach contractions

The polygraph test attempts to detect lies by

comparing a person's heart rate and breathing when answering various questions.

Which of these are characteristic of the plateau phase of the human response cycle?

complete erection of the penis lubrication of the vagina

Sex education programs that emphasize contraceptive knowledge _____ the rates of adolescent pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections.

decrease

How do display rules affect the universally expressed emotions of happiness, sadness, fear, and anger? (Choose every correct answer.)

-The way the emotions are expressed in a culture may strongly depend on the social situation. -The display of some of the emotions may be discouraged in some cultures but not others.

_______ are the class of sex hormones, such as testosterone, that are predominant in males.

Androgens

Our bodies have a hormone that signals the brain and tells it that it is time to stop eating. What is this hormone called?

Cholecystokinin

Which hormone helps start the digestion of food, travels to the brain through the bloodstream, and signals us to stop eating?

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

_____ rules are sociocultural standards that determine when, where, and how emotions should be expressed.

Display

_______ are the main class of female sex hormones, produced principally by the ovaries.

Estrogens

The facial feedback hypothesis says which of the following?

Facial expressions can affect emotions.

What happens to the sensation of hunger as blood glucose levels rise?

It declines

Which of the following are true of the orgasm phase of the human sexual response cycle?

It includes an explosive discharge of neuromuscular tension. It involves intensely pleasant feelings.

Which of the following are true of the resolution phase?

It occurs after orgasm. Blood vessels return to their baseline state.

Which of the following are true of Kinsey and his interview techniques? (Select all that apply.)

Kinsey used an interview technique in which he talked to whomever volunteered. Kinsey was a pioneer in sexual research.

Which of these are findings of research on eating behavior?

People frequently ignore stomach cues when deciding how much to eat. Larger portion sizes are associated with increased food intake.

Which statement about sexual orientation is most accurate?

There is no credible research showing sexual orientation to be something that can be voluntarily changed.

the _______ -only approach to sex education emphasizes that sexual behavior should be reserved for marriage.

abstinence

The class of sex hormones such as testosterone that are predominant in males are known as

androgens

A gene that controls the production of _____ appears to be implicated in human obesity.

laptin

Michael always craves cake at birthday parties, even though he rarely thinks about cake otherwise. This is an example of a(n)

learned association

Scientists believe that problems regulating _____ may be implicated in human obesity.

leptin

Research on facial expressions of emotion has shown that

many emotions are expressed the same way in all cultures.

In general, _____ are more aroused by visual stimuli, whereas _____ are more aroused by touch.

men; women