Psy

In the context of group decision making, groupthink can be prevented by Select one: a. selecting an impartial leader. b. encouraging group conformity. c. isolating the dissenters of the group. d. excluding outside experts in group discussions.

A

In the context of the theoretical approaches to psychological disorders, which of the following statements is true of the sociocultural approach? Select one: a. It stresses the ways that cultures influence the understanding and treatment of psychological disorders. b. It emphasizes biological processes such as genetics or brain structures and functions. c. It primarily focuses on the brain, genetic factors, and neurotransmitter functioning as the sources of abnormality. d. It emphasizes the contributions of experiences, thoughts, emotions, and personality characteristics in explaining psychological disorders.

A

Rob and Deandra are members of a football team. Their self-esteem is greatly affected by their team's performance. They tend to compare their team with their opponent team in order to improve their self-image. Which of the following theories best explains this scenario? Select one: a. the social identity theory b. the realistic conflict theory c. the social exchange theory d. the self-perception theory

A

Which of the following is true of the sensory processing approach to autism spectrum disorder (ASD)? Select one: a. It focuses on the fact that individuals with ASD process sensory experiences differently from others. b. It suggests that individuals with ASD are more likely to organize their sensory experiences than others. c. It suggests that individuals with ASD are profoundly less interested in social stimuli compared to typically developing people. d. It emphasizes deficits in theory of mind, which refers to people's understanding that other people have subjective experiences that may differ from their own.

A

Which of the following refers to physically or verbally harming another person directly? Select one: a. overt aggression b. relational aggression c. the weapons effect d. the Flynn effect

A

________ means helping another person for personal gain, such as to feel good, or avoid guilt. Select one: a. Egoism b. Altruism c. Ethnocentrism d. Utilitarianism

A

Simone gets a new job and relocates to the country of Bodonia. She realizes that almost all her colleagues belong to Bodonia and have been working in the company for years. At her workplace, she experiences an unjustified negative attitude toward herself. In this scenario, the attitude of Simone's colleagues best illustrates Select one: a. altruism. b. prejudice. c. reciprocity. d. egoism

B

Suzanne wants to lose 20 pounds before her trip to Hawaii. Although she realizes that being thinner will make her feel stronger and healthier, she has a weakness for ice cream. She's not sure that she will be able to give up the short-term pleasure of indulging in an ice-cream cone for dessert in exchange for the long-term benefits of weight loss. Suzanne appears to be in which of the following stages of change? Select one: a. maintenance b. contemplation c. preparation/determination d. action/willpower

B

Unlike implicit racism, explicit racism Select one: a. is measured using the Implicit Associations Test (IAT). b. is a person's conscious and openly shared attitude. c. is thought to predict more spontaneous and less self-conscious actions. d. refers to attitudes that exist on a deep, hidden level.

B

A man who is extremely afraid of flying and would go to any length to avoid flying is most likely experiencing Select one: a. schizophrenia. b. panic d/o c. specific phobia. d. post-traumatic stress disorder.

C

An individual's opinions and beliefs about other people, objects, and ideas, and how the individual feels about the world refers to Select one: a. attributions. b. traits. c. attitudes. d. skills.

C

Derek has been diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Derek's counselor, Mary, believes that Derek's poor relationship with his alcoholic stepfather is a factor that contributed to Derek's psychological disorder. Which of the following theoretical approaches to psychological disorders conforms to Mary's beliefs in this scenario? Select one: a. biological approach b. anthropological approach c. sociocultural approach d. cognitive approach

C

The tendency for the presence of firearms to enhance aggression is known as Select one: a. overt aggression. b. relational aggression. c. the weapons effect. d. the Flynn effect.

C

Which of the following individuals is likely to be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder? Select one: a. a person who shows an excessive attachment to moral codes and is excessively orderly in daily life b. a person who is prone to mood swings, excessive self-criticism, and extreme judgment of others c. a person who lacks empathy for others, is egocentric, and is willing to use others for his own personal gain d. a person who perceives himself as helpless and depends on others for emotional and physical needs

C

________ is a psychological disorder characterized by guiltlessness, law-breaking, exploitation of others, irresponsibility, and deceit. Select one: a. Histrionic personality disorder b. Schizoid personality disorder c. Antisocial personality disorder d. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

C

According to the psychoanalytic approach to psychotherapy, interpretation Select one: a. is the psychoanalytic term for the client's relating to the analyst in ways that reproduce or relive important relationships in the client's life. b. is a psychoanalytic technique that involves encouraging individuals to say aloud whatever comes to mind. c. is a psychoanalytic technique for interpreting a person's dreams. d. is a psychoanalyst's search for symbolic, hidden meanings in what the client says and does during therapy.

D

Am I as popular as Cathy?" This question is an example of gaining self-knowledge through the process of Select one: a. peer review. b. peripheral evaluation. c. peer recognition. d. social comparison.

D

Equity is a strong predictor of relationship satisfaction Select one: a. among men but not among women. b. among women but not among men. c. during both the early and the later stages of a relationship. d. during the early but not the later stages of a relationship.

D

In the context of the sociocultural approach to therapy, a paraprofessional Select one: a. is an individual who has been taught by a professional to provide some mental health services. b. usually has formal mental health training to provide mental health services. c. is highly unlikely to have had the disorder for which an individual is being treated. d. requires a ministerial background and training in psychology.

D

Individuals who have high self-efficacy are least likely to do which of the following? Select one: a. persist in the face of obstacles b. expend effort in coping with stress c. experience less stress in challenging situations d. perceive that they have little control over challenging situations

D

The ________ is the observers' overestimation of the degree to which everybody else thinks or acts the way we do. Select one: a. fundamental attribution error b. self-serving bias c. stereotype threat d. false consensus effect

D

The area of social psychology that explores how people select, interpret, remember, and use social information is called Select one: a. parapsychology. b. clinical psychology. c. social relativity. d. social cognition.

D

The reduction in personal identity and erosion of the sense of personal responsibility when one is part of a group is known as Select one: a. social contagion. b. the self-serving bias. c. the false consensus effect. d. deindividuation.

D