PSY350 Ch 6 Quiz

_____ children land in the disliked category often and never appear in the preferred list. They also stand out amongst their classmates in a negative way.

Rejected

Rhashan, a three-year-old, is continually testing his abilities in the wider world. Josh, a second grader, is learning that he has to work for what he wants. Pick Erikson's psychosocial stages for each boy.

Rhashan = industry; Josh = initiative

_____ is the ability to observe one's abilities and actions from an outside frame of reference and to reflect on one's inner state.

Self-awareness

Zola, a new third-grade teacher, wants her male and female students to play together and have best friends of the opposite sex. Zola needs to understand that:

boys and girls may play together but usually stick to their own gender for best friends.

Children who bully others, get bullied, and then bully others again are:

bully-victims.

Children with _____ act on their immediate emotions and behave aggressively.

externalizing tendencies

Disruptive and aggressive behavior in children may indicate:

externalizing tendencies.

Which emotion BEST predicts acting altruistically?

feeling sympathy

Children who are incredibly anxious, timid, and frightened:

have internalizing tendencies.

This is aggressive behavior that is repeatedly carried out via electronic media and is potentially more harmful than traditional bullying.

cyberbullying

Effective interventions to reduce bullying center on:

making bullying a socially unacceptable activity.

This type of aggression occurs in response to being hurt, threatened, or deprived.

reactive

Collaborative pretend play involves _____, and develops around age _____.

two children fantasizing together; 4

Shame, or the feeling of being personally humiliated, makes one want to:

withdraw from others.

Fostering school self-efficacy involves praising children for:

working hard.

When asked why Jorge likes his friend Victor, he replies, "because we both love playing with swords." These boys are probably _____ children because they describe their friendships in terms of _____ qualities.

younger; external

To find out if a child has high self-esteem, what question would one ask?

"Are you succeeding in the areas of life you really care about?"

Why does self-esteem decline during elementary school?

Children can realistically compare their abilities to their peers.

Which statement about shame is false?

It brings a person closer to others.

Lara sees a highway crash and feels incredibly frightened. Tonia feels terrible for the people who were hurt and rushes to help. Pick the label for each girl's response.

Lara = empathy; Tonia = sympathy

_____ children are frequently named in the most-liked category and never appear in the disliked group. They also stand out as being really liked by everyone.

Popular

Which statement is true about popular children as they move into middle school?

Popular middle-school children may not be well liked.

George feels that everyone is out to get him. George has a(n):

hostile attributional bias.

Children who are excessively timid, self-conscious, and depressed may have _____ tendencies.

internalizing

Children who believe that they are powerless to affect their fate and thus give up on tasks without trying have developed:

learned helplessness.

Children with internalizing tendencies are more likely to develop:

learned helplessness.

People who feel sympathy rather than empathy for others are _____ likely to help people in need because _____.

more; empathy can cause anxiety and the desire to run away

When a person feels guilty, that person is motivated to:

reconnect with others.