PSYC 270 Chapter 9 Quiz (Mindtap)

In the phenomenon known as ________ control of pain, the pain behaviors manifested by an individual are determined by social consequences.

Operant

The field of ________ is considered a subfield of behavioral medicine and focuses on the various mental factors that are important for the establishment and maintenance of physical and psychological health.

Health Psychology

The study of psychological influences on the neurological responding of the human immune response is called

psychoneuroimmunology

Regarding the age ranges for the risk of HIV/AIDS, which of the following statements is accurate? a. For men, the highest risk is during their late 20s and early 30s. b. The age range for risk is younger for men than for women. c. The age ranges for risk are the same for both males and females. d. For women, the highest risk is between 22 and 26.

For men, the highest risk is during their late 20s and early 30s.

The effects of stress on susceptibility to infections in the human body is mediated through the ________ system.

Immune

According to the principles of health psychology, which of the following would be the most appropriate goal regarding lung cancer?

Learning about and avoiding high-risk behaviors that can lead to cancer in the first place

Which of the following individuals is experiencing vascular pain? a. Mallary, who has suffered from ongoing back pain for years and who regularly visits a chiropractor for treatments b. Lori, who experiences regular headaches because of enlarged blood vessels c. Justin, who overdid his workout at the gym yesterday and now has terribly sore muscles d. Louis, who suffers from ongoing pain in his ankle ever since breaking it several years ago

Lori, who experiences regular headaches because of enlarged blood vessels

Sue has been dealing with chronic pain ever since she was involved in a car accident several months ago. According to research presented in your textbook by Compas and colleagues (2006), all but which of the following are likely to contribute to Sue experiencing higher levels of both anxiety and somatic complaints? a. Maintaining an optimistic attitude b. Avoiding treatment c. Using denial to cope d. Using wishful thinking to manage

Maintaining an optimistic attitude

In response to sustained stress, the body goes through several stages that together constitute the general adaptation syndrome (GAS), a concept proposed by researcher Hans Selye. The second stage of the GAS is

Resistance

Martin has been informed that he is HIV positive, although he has not yet developed AIDS. He lives in the part of the world where between 15% and 28% of the adult population is HIV positive, accounting for two-thirds of such cases worldwide. Where does Martin live?

Southern Africa

Which of the following is an example of a person demonstrating a "pain behavior"? a. Stanley does not go skiing with his son anymore because it is too painful for his knees. b. Barbara is engaging in physical therapy to regain strength in her arm after surgery despite the fact that the daily exercises are quite painful. c. Marcus regularly takes the medication his physician prescribed to deal with the pain caused by chronic kidney stones. d. After developing a case of shingles, Marcia is suffering with very intense levels of pain.

Stanley does not go skiing with his son anymore because it is too painful for his knees

Drew is voluntarily taking part in a study where experimenters cause him pain by injecting saltwater into is jaw. After the pain is established he is then given a pill to help reduce the pain. Little does he know, however, that the pill is a placebo. Which of the following outcomes would be consistent with the findings described in your chapter? a. Drew will not experience any pain reduction because placebos have been found to be relatively ineffective treatments. b. The endogenous opioid system in Drew's brain will be activated and he will experience a reduction in pain. c. Drew will actually experience more pain, because the introduction of a "treatment" will cause him to think that the pain is more severe than it is. d. Drew will only experience a reduction in pain if he is told that it is a placebo.

The endogenous opioid system in Drew's brain will be activated and he will experience a reduction in pain.

In an important study of cancer sufferers conducted by David Spiegel at Stanford University, which of the following outcomes was observed?

The group receiving therapy lived, on average, twice as long as the control group

As your textbook states, the single most effective prevention strategy when it comes to dealing with HIV and AIDS is

changing high-risk behaviors.

Damon has been suffering from ________ for some time. His physician recommends a program of treatment developed by Michael Sharpe that includes increasing activity, regulating periods of rest, and breathing exercises, along with other interventions.

chronic fatigue syndrome

In the mid-19th century, symptoms of fatigue, vague aches and pains, low-grade fever, and lack of energy were attributed to a disorder called neurasthenia, which literally translated to "________."

lack of nerve strength

In the 1970s, Herbert Benson developed a brief relaxation procedure that involved focusing on a specific mantra. His work was a stripped down version of ________.

transcendental meditation

Which of the following is an incorrect match of medical condition and its definition? a. Angina: chest pain caused by partial obstruction of the arteries b. Myocardial infarction: death of heart tissue due to a completely clogged artery c. Arteriosclerosis: obstruction caused by buildup of plaque in the arteries d. Ischemia: deficiency of blood to a body part caused by narrowing of the arteries

Arteriosclerosis: obstruction caused by buildup of plaque in the arteries

Why is it necessary for people who have received certain types of organ transplants to take medications to suppress their own immune system response?

Because the immune system would regard the transplanted organ as a foreign invader and would attack it as it would a virus or a bacterium.

Research has shown that excessive secretion of the stress hormone ________ can result in cell death in the hippocampal region of the brain in response to chronic stress.

Cortisol