(PSYC)Ch. 9 Human Sexuality

The U.S. Supreme Court case in 1973 that legalized abortion was ________.

Roe v. Wade

________ are hospital-like facilities with basic medical care equipment, that feature a home-like setting and have, as their primary focus, a natural, family- centered approach to the birth process.

Birthing centers

________ involves the insertion of a small tube through the cervix and into the uterus to obtain a placental tissue sample.

Chorionic villus sampling

The obstetrician and professor at Edinburgh University who discovered the use of chloroform during the birth process is ________.

Dr. James Young Simpson

These two hormones play an important role in ovulation:

FSH and LH

________ involves the placement of a mixture of egg and sperm directly into the fallopian tube.

Gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT)

Approximately ________ legal abortions occur in the United States each year.

1 million

Infertility problems affect about ________ couples of reproductive age.

10%

Infertility is due to a male sperm factor (e.g., low number, poor quality, or low mobility) ________ of the time.

25%

Kathryn is among the ________ of pregnant women who elect to have a C-section, even though it is determined NOT to be medically necessary.

25%

In ________ a single sperm cell from the man is injected using a microscopic needle, directly into each harvested egg from the woman. The resulting zygote is then transferred after a few days into the woman's uterus.

ICSI

In an attempt to get pregnant, Jasmine had a procedure that involved inserting a small tube through her cervix and injecting sperm directly into her uterus. This reproductive technology is known as ________.

IUI

Karen is going through puberty. Her mother explains that her ovaries contain approximately ________ oocytes.

400,000

In the U.S., nearly ________ of all pregnancies are unplanned.

50%

The combined pregnancy rate for all ART methods is approaching ________ for women under the age of 35.

50%

Most doctors and midwives recommend waiting at least ________ after birth to have intercourse.

6 weeks

Matt and Monica have been trying to get pregnant for two years. No wonder it is so difficult! They just found out that the average couple is fertile for only about ________ each month.

6-7 days

Sperm cells that are beginning to develop in a man's testicles today will not be ready to be ejaculated and able to fertilize an ovum for approximately ________ days.

68-72

Nearly ________ of all surgical abortion in the United States occur within the first trimester of pregnancy.

90%

When Patrick was born, the doctor performed a widely used assessment on him immediately after he was delivered called the ________.

APGAR score

________ refers to an earlier method of childbirth pain control that used a combination of two injectable drugs: morphine and scopolamine.

Twilight sleep

________ involves the fertilization of eggs by sperm, in vitro, with the fertilized eggs being transferred back to the female's fallopian tube.

Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)

The term quickening refers to when

a mother begins to feel fetal movement

The most common pain relief medications in use today are ________.

all of the above

Although Molly's first baby was born head-first, in her second delivery, her baby was born feet- or bottom-first. This is called ________.

breech birth

Married couple Tim and Tia are biologically capable of conceiving, but feel more comfortable and content to live lives that do not include parenting. They prefer to be called ________.

child-free

A woman would be in second stage labor when ________.

contractions involve the muscles of the abdomen as well as the uterus

This chemical is linked to the beginning of childbirth and is thought to signal the uterus to begin contractions:

corticotrophin-releasing hormone

Increasing age is associated with ________ fertility, especially in women.

decreasing

The abortion procedure used in the second trimester is called ________.

dilation and evacuation

Sybil is clearly in stage one labor. Her midwife knows this because it is characterized by ________.

dilation of the cervix

Miriam chose to have a medical abortion, which means a(n) ________.

drug or drugs administered to terminate a pregnancy

At the end of the eight weeks following implantation, the embryo becomes known as a(n) ________.

fetus

Louise Brown is best known as the ________.

first test tube baby

The earliest methods of medical pain control for childbirth required the mother to be deeply sedated, a state known as ________.

general anesthesia

Immediately upon fertilization, a hormone called ________ begins to be released; pregnancy tests measure the level of this hormone in a woman's urine to determine pregnancy.

hCG

Which fertility testing method would require the use of an X-ray?

hysterosalpingogram

In an effort to become pregnant after many years of trying, more and more couples are turning to ________, which involves the removal of mature eggs from a female's ovary and fertilizing them with sperm in a laboratory before surgically implanting them in the woman's uterus.

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

All of the following are true about postpartum depression except that it ________.

is brought on about ambivalence about the new baby

Barry and Barbara confide to their family members that their baby is a "test tube baby," which means that ________.

it was fertilized outside its mother's body

Sandra had been struggling with infertility. Her doctor recommended she have a(n) ________, which would allow her doctor to have a direct, internal look at the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus.

laparoscopy

All of the following are true about legal abortions, except that they ________.

lead to depression in most women

During the ________ phase, the growth of new follicles in the ovaries is suppressed and the lining of the uterus thickens in preparation to receive a fertilized egg.

luteal

Miranda got her first period at age 13. She discovers that the term used to describe a girl's first menstrual period is ________.

menarche

If Cindy is like most women, she will experience ________ after the termination of an unwanted pregnancy

no mental health problems

The most common cause of miscarriage involves ________.

one or more serious genetic fetal abnormalities

About 20% of infertility is due to ________in women.

ovarian problems

Women, on average, release one egg each month, a process called ________.

ovulation

An episiotomy is a surgical incision in a woman's ________.

perineum

In stage three labor, the ________ is expelled from the uterus with the umbilical cord attached.

placenta

The problem of infertility related to sperm cells may include all of the following except ________.

poor sleeping habits

Sexual intercourse during pregnancy ________.

poses no risk to the developing fetus or to the mother

Marty is reading a book about puberty and male reproduction. He learns that the sperm cells develop in the ________.

seminiferous tubules

Marsha attended Lamaze classes during her first pregnancy. The Lamaze method teaches women preparing for childbirth ________.

special breathing exercises and relaxation techniques

Carrie was distraught when she miscarried, but found herself even more upset when her doctor told her that another name for a miscarriage is ________.

spontaneous abortion

Any substance ingested by a pregnant woman that can cause a fetal abnormality is called a ________.

teratogen

Another name for ectopic pregnancies is ________, because they often occur there.

tubal pregnancies

At the time a fertilized ovum enters the uterus, it is called a(n) ________.

zygote

What is the correct sequence of events that follow fertilization of an egg?

zygote, blastocyst, embryo, fetus