Psych 1-4

Which of the following values would indicate the "strongest" correlation?

-.72

3) Kim knows she needs to go take summer courses, but worries about leaving her new boyfriend for three months. She wonders, will "absence make the heart go stronger" be true, or is "out of sight, out of mind" more applicable? This is an example of ________.

A) the unscientific nature of conventional wisdom

Which of the following individuals is MOST likely to experience information overload?

A person who is talking on a cell phone while driving a car

If you would like for your student government to pass a bill putting more lights along major walkways, how could you use ease of retrieval to persuade them?

Ask them to think of 2 instances in which the lack of lighting made them or someone they know feel fearful while walking on campus after dark

4) One reason that social scientists put their faith in the scientific method is that the scientific method ________.

E) produces more conclusive evidence than other methods

________ involves using praise of important others as a way to encourage them to like us and approve of us.

Ingratiation

Does correlation imply causation?

NO

________ is the area of psychology that studies the interplay between brain events and thought, emotion and behavior.

Social neuroscience

Suppose we are trying to discern whether an individual is lying based on his or her verbal and nonverbal information and cues. Which of the following statements BEST describes how well we will be able to judge whether this individual is lying

We will probably pay more attention to her or his verbal cues and, in doing so, will have difficulty determining any deception.

Kim is an American but spent much of her childhood in Japan. She is fluent in both English and Japanese. We might reasonably expect her response to the question "Who am I?" to differ depending on the language (Japanese or English) of the question because ________.

a particular language might activate different self-concepts for bilingual people

People's personal identities, and their various social identities, require them to be different people in different contexts. This results in________.

a potentially variable but coherent self-definition

A multicultural perspective is recognized as increasingly important to research in social psychology because ________.

a variety of cultural factors such as race or ethnicity, sexual orientation, or disability help determine self-identity

The extent to which different people react to a given situation in the same general way is known as ________.

consensus

2) Social Psychology embraces ________ as core scientific values.

accuracy, objectivity, skepticism, and open-mindedness

The process by which individuals seek to understand why others behave as they do is known as ________.

attribution

When I consider the extent to which this person reacts in the same way to this same stimulus on other occasions, I am basing my attribution on ________.

consistency

The frequency with which a given event or pattern occurs in the population is its ________.

base rate

The ways we think about other people and the things we remember about them may have an effect on our behavior. These thoughts and memories are examples of ________.

cognitive processes

Social psychologists seek to find basic principles that will explain social behavior; however, both _____differences and _____ social world make this challenging.

cultural; a rapidly changing

Retrieval of information from memory is involved in social thought. When tested to see what information is more readily available from memory, individuals are more likely to respond with ________.

depending on the situation, either schema-incongruent or schema-congruent

The extent to which a person's reaction to a particular event differs from their reaction to similar other events is an indication of ________.

distinctiveness

Sally comes to class, avidly looking forward to her professor's lecture on social psychology. Her professor (we will call him Dr. DiBello) is wearing a Philadelphia Eagles jersey. Sally will most likely ________.

encode this as memorable information that is inconsistent with her professor schema

People tend to become more irritable and aggressive when the weather is hot and humid. This fact is an example of the effects of ________ on social behavior.

environmental variables

Introspection is an effective means of understanding ourselves when the ________.

focus is on a conscious decision-making process

Research indicates that if we think about our future possible selves we can be inspired to

forego current activities that do not help us to achieve an improved future self.

Chris describes himself as liberal when thinking of himself as an American, but conservative when compared to other college students. These are ________ comparisons.

intragroup

Based on his estimate of how long it would take him to complete his mid-term essay, Armando told his instructor he would turn in the paper on Tuesday, but was late turning it in, causing his instructor to deduct a letter grade from the paper. Next time Armando makes such a promise based on a plan, he will likely ________.

make the same planning error and be late again

Schemas affect our use of stored memories by ________.

making it easier to retrieve information that is consistent with the schema

11) The observation of behavior as it occurs in natural settings is known as ________.

naturalistic observation

When making judgments that involve emotions or feelings, we tend to rely on ________.

the ease with which we can recall relevant information

An increased availability of information due to exposure to specific stimuli is known as ________.

priming

Suppose you are telling your friend about a woman you just met. You tell your friend that this person seemed very compassionate and was interested in helping others; however, you couldn't recall whether she said she was a nurse or a businesswoman. On the basis of the ________ heuristic, your friend would probably think that she is a ________.

representativeness; nurse

In meeting a new roommate, David stresses his studious qualities, an aspect of himself he wishes others to agree with, while being willing to underplay other potentially important aspects of himself. David is practicing a ________ approach in presenting himself to others.

self-verification

When we think of ourselves as members of specific social groups, we are thinking of our ________.

social identity

The process whereby we seek to know and understand others is called ________, and frequently makes use of ________.

social perception; nonverbal communication

1) The branch of psychology that seeks to understand the nature and causes of individual behavior and thought in social situations is ________.

social psychology

We are MOST likely to believe that the behaviors of others are suggestive of their ________ when it is seen to ________.

stable traits; be socially undesirable

Our tendency to believe that our own behavior reflects external causes and that other people's behavior reflects internal causes is known as ________.

the actor-observer effect

The term "cognitive load" refers to ________.

the amount of mental effort we are expending at a given time

When making judgments that involve factual information, we tend to rely on ________.

the amount of relevant information we can recall

The tendency to use a particular number or value as a starting point to which changes are made is known as ________.

the anchoring and adjustment heuristic

Research indicates that people's online identities often reflect

the ideal self

A self-fulfilling prophecy is ________.

the process by which schemas sometimes influence the social world in ways to make the world consistent with the schema

Certain facial expressions are recognized as representing ________ underlying emotions in ________ different cultures.

the same basic; many

Suppose a company asked its workers "Now that you have received a raise, how satisfied are you with your job?" and found out that 87% indicated they were "very satisfied" or "satisfied." A major concern of this study would likely be ________.

the way the question was asked

Heuristics exert a strong influence on our thinking in large measure because ________.

they reduce the mental effort needed to make judgments and decisions

We tend to adjust our attributions to take account for situational constraints on our own behavior ________.

to a greater extent than we take account of situational constraints on others' behavior

All of the following describe characteristics of a microexpression EXCEPT they ________.

usually do not reveal a person's true feelings

One evening, after seeing a(n) ________ at the Cineplex, you are on your way home. You drive into a store parking lot, where another driver grabs a parking place you had spotted and were waiting for. You perceive the behavior as very ________.

violent movie; aggressive

Suppose that we might expect to receive prejudice or disapproval for some aspect of ourselves. We may "play down" or subvert that aspect to the extent that ________.

we can hide it, and we are willing to hide it