Psych 1010 Study Guide

Ade is training his dog, Nutmeg, to bark when there is a knock on the door. He already knows that squeaking a mouse toy will make Nutmeg bark. So, he decides to squeak the mouse and knock on the door at the same time to condition Nutmeg to bark. What is the conditioned response in this case?

Nutmeg's bark

Habituation refers to:

a gradual reduction in a response to a repeated stimulus.

Learning typically involves:

a long-lasting change in the state of the learner.

Once _____ has occurred, the conditioned stimulus will reliably elicit the conditioned response.

acquisition

The initial pairing of a conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) in classical conditioning represents the _____ phase of learning.

acquisition

The _____ is the primary brain structure responsible for conditioning based on fearful or anxiety-inducing stimuli. Please type the correct answer in the following input field, and then select the submit answer button or press the enter key when finished.

amygdala

The school of psychology MOST associated with learning is: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

behaviorism.

The _____ approach to psychology ignored the influence of cognition. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

behaviorist

Advertisers often use pictures of attractive people with their products, with the expectation that people will respond positively to the product. They believe that this reaction will occur based on: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

classical conditioning.

In classical conditioning, stimuli that are initially neutral:

come to elicit the conditioned response.

In the study with Little Albert, the rat became the _____ stimulus. Please type the correct answer in the following input field, and then select the submit answer button or press the enter key when finished.

conditioned

Jonas, a veteran of the war in Iraq, suffers from PTSD. Now, back home in a quiet California neighborhood, he jumps when he hears a firecracker or a car backfire. In Pavlov's terms, these sounds are BEST thought of as _____ stimuli. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

conditioned

In classical conditioning, a(n) _____ elicits a(n) _____ because of its association with an unconditioned stimulus.

conditioned stimulus; conditioned response

The concept of biological preparedness suggests that conditioning has a(n) _____ origin in that certain associations will be more easily learned if they help the organism's survival.

evolutionary

Without _____, there would be no learning.

experience

In Ivan Pavlov's famous studies, the _____ was the unconditioned stimulus, and the _____ was the unconditioned response. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

food; salivation

The gradual reduction in a response to a repeated stimulus is called _____. Please type the correct answer in the following input field, and then select the submit answer button or press the enter key when finished.

habituation

The gradual reduction in a response to a repeated stimulus is called:

habituation.

In classical conditioning, acquisition refers to the: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

initial pairing of a conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus.

Newton ordered pizza from a national pizza chain and became very ill immediately after eating the pizza. Years later, Newton still feels queasy when he sees an advertisement for the pizza chain or drives by one of its establishments. Newton has developed a(n): Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

learned food aversion.

Behaviorism is the school of psychology MOST associated with:

learning.

The last time Leona went camping, she found a snake in her tent. She is deathly afraid of snakes. Now she becomes nervous every time she thinks about camping or watches a movie or television show that involves camping. The conditioned response in this case is:

nervousness.

Extinction could have been used to eliminate Little Albert's fear of a rat by:

repeatedly presenting the rat without the loud noise.

In _____, the presentation of a stimulus increases the response to a later stimulus. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

sensitization

In _____, the presentation of a stimulus increases the response to a later stimulus. Please type the correct answer in the following input field, and then select the submit answer button or press the enter key when finished.

sensitization

Fabian ordered chicken from a national chicken chain restaurant and became very ill immediately after eating it. Years later, Fabian still feels queasy when he sees an advertisement for the chicken chain or drives by one of its establishments. In this example, the unconditioned stimulus is the:

the bacteria that caused the illness.

In learned food aversion, spoiled or poisoned food is a powerful: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

unconditioned stimulus.

In the study with Little Albert, the loud noise was the _____, and the rat became the _____. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

unconditioned stimulus; conditioned stimulus