psych 110 test 3

In a disorder called _____, the person suffers from repetitive, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors that the individual feels driven to perform.

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Jeffrey is so preoccupied by his fear of germs that he always keeps his car and apartment windows sealed tightly, and refuses to allow anyone into his apartment. He carries his own silverware, which he uses when he eats away from home, and washes his hands every time he touches anything that has been touched by someone else. Jeffrey would most likely be diagnosed with:

obsessive-compulsive disorder.

The most common symptoms of a _____ are a pounding heart, rapid breathing, breathlessness, and a choking sensation. The person may also sweat, tremble, and experience light-headedness, chills, or hot flashes. Accompanying the intense, escalating surge of physical arousal are feelings of terror and the belief that one is about to die, go crazy, or completely lose control.

panic attack

The psychological disorder that is characterized by impaired functioning because of severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes is called:

schizophrenia.

Wilma lives in the northwest part of the country. Every autumn and winter, as daylight hours get shorter and the weather gets wet and cloudy, she experiences more intense symptoms of depression. Wilma most likely suffers from:

seasonal affective disorder.

perspective emphasizes learning and conscious cognitive process including the importance of beliefs about self, goal setting, and self-regulations

social cognitive

One finding of the National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) is that the median age of onset in years for any disorder was:

14

DSM-5 is a book that describes more than _____ specific psychological disorders.

260

_____ emphasized the interaction among behavior, conscious cognitive processes, and social experiences in his personality theory called _____.

Albert Bandura; social cognitive theory

In the last three days, Doug has become progressively more energetic and euphoric. He has been sleeping no more than an hour or two a night, but he seems to have unlimited energy. Doug is inappropriately self-confident as he veers from one grandiose idea to another in his plans to become rich and famous. Doug appears to be experiencing:

a manic episode.

The textbook defines _____ as a persistent and irrational fear of something, usually a specific object or situation, that does not necessarily interfere with the ability to function in daily life.

a phobia

What type of personality test involves the interpreting of an ambiguous image and is used to assess unconscious motives and conflicts?

a projective test

A person with _____ personality disorder is also referred to as a psychopath.

antisocial

An unpleasant emotional state that involves feelings of worry, dread, apprehension, and tension, along with heightened physical arousal, is called:

anxiety

an anxiety disorder that is characterized by constant, excessive, and unjustified anxiety about a wide range of issues and circumstances

generalized anxiety disorder

what factor has been linked to the development of schizophrenia?

having a father who was 50 years old or older when the person was conceived

Trait theorists have analyzed and grouped large numbers of _____ traits in order to identify a smaller number of _____.

surface traits; source traits

is the child's unconscious sexual desire for the opposite-sex parent.

the Oedipus complex

According to _____ model of personality, personality can be defined in terms of five basic dimensions.

the five-factor

what are the three levels of awareness in Freud's theory?

the preconscious the conscious the unconscious

The dividing line between normal and abnormal behavior is often determined by

the social or cultural context in which a particular behavior occurs.

Humanistic psychology is a view of personality that emphasizes:

the study of psychologically healthy people.

The main strength of projective tests is that:

they provide qualitative information about an individual that can be helpful in psychotherapy.

relatively stable, enduring predisposition to behave in a certain way.

trait

Which medication is commonly used to help control the symptoms of bipolar disorder?

lithium

what is not a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder?

multiple personalities

Two self-report inventories that were originally designed to assess the personality characteristics of normal populations are:

-the California Personality Inventory (CPI) -the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF).

erratic, unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image, and desperate efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment.

Borderline personality disorder

Research has investigated whether people with mental disorders are significantly more violent and dangerous than other groups of people. What was the basic finding of that research?

People who have a severe mental disorder in which they are delusional or hallucinating have a slightly higher level of violent behavior than people who do not have a mental disorder.

_____ is an eating disorder in which a normal-weight person engages in binge eating and then purges the excessive food consumption by self-induced vomiting or by the misuse of laxatives or enemas.

bulimia nervosa

In the disorder called dissociative identity disorder, the "alters," or distinct personalities:

can be of different ages and gender.

According to the _____ of panic disorder, people with panic disorder are not only oversensitive to physical sensations, they also tend to misinterpret and exaggerate the meaning of their experience, and may be victims of their own illogical thinking.

catastrophic cognitions theory

When a person is driven to perform repetitive behaviors in a particular sequence or pattern, he or she is said to be experiencing a(n):

compulsion.

A falsely held belief that persists despite evidence contrary to the belief is formally called a:

delusion.

After not seeing Rita for almost a week, a neighbor went to check on her. He discovered that Rita had barricaded all the doors and windows in her apartment because she believed that "terrorist forces" were going to attack her and her three cats. Rita appears to be suffering from:

delusions of persecution.

Use of cocaine or amphetamines causes:

increased dopamine activity in the brain, which can produce schizophrenia-like symptoms.

According to Hans Eysenck, personality can be best described in terms of which basic trait dimensions?

introversion/extraversion stability/neuroticism low psychoticism/high psychoticism

an individual's unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving.

personality

attempt to explain how and why people are similar and different.

personality theories

Jose is a ninth-grader who dreams of becoming a major-league baseball player. Because of his _____, Jose will probably practice longer and harder than the other players on his high school softball team.

possible self

A long-lasting disorder that develops in response to being exposed to a severe and often life-threatening trauma is called disorder.

posttraumatic stress

The two basic types of personality tests are:

projective tests and self-report inventories.

The term _____ refers to the scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.

psychopathology

According to psychoanalyst Karen Horney, males often envy the capacity of women to bear children, which she termed:

womb envy