Psych 120 test 3

The medical model if mental illness suggests that:

Abnormal behavior is symptomatic of an underlying disease that can be cured with the appropriate therapy

An external factor that has the capacity to motivate gosl-directed behavior is called:

An incentive

Last month, Sam wrecked his parents new suv . The parents decided the accident occurred because Sam is not a good driver. This illustrates:

An internal attribution

Drugs that are used to reduce the severity of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia are called:

Antipsychotic drugs

When people overestimate the influence of internal, personal factors and underestimate the role of external, situational factors in interpreting another person's behavior, they:

Are making the fundamental attribution error

Electroconvulsive shock therapy (ECT) is used:

As a last resort, when drugs and other therapies have failed

When people show the actor-observer effect, they:

Attribute their own behavior to external factors but the behavior of others to internal factors

Freud suggested that the portion of the personality that seeks immediate gratification of innate urges is:

The id

When cattell used mathematical analysis to identify basic personality traits, he identified a total of:

16 source traits

When using the DSM to diagnose a psychological disorder:

A person's medical history is considered to be important

The process through which individuals are induced to act in ways that are consistent with expectations held by others is called:

A self-fulfilling prophecy

Biologically based treatments for reducing or eliminating the symptoms of psychological disorders are known as:

Biomedical therapies

The terms "unconditional al positive regard" and "empathy" are most closely associated with:

Client-centered therapy

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a person who scores high on the neuroticism dimension of the Big Five model of personality?

Cooperative

Any behavior that prevents an individual from functioning well in typical daily activities would be considered

Dysfunctional

The term for a psychological event involving a physiological and expressive reaction, along with a subjective experience is:

Emotion

You make an appointment to see a therapist and, as you are waiting, you notice that a lot of the books on the therapist's shelves deal with the work of Sigmund Freud. You might expect that this therapist will:

Emphasize the need to bring unconscious conflicts into concious awareness

Anxiety disorders are a class of disorders characterized by:

Excessive apprehension that impairs normal functioning

Insanity is a legal term used in situations where individuals who commit crimes:

Fail to appreciate or understand that certain actions are legally or morally wrong

One example of intrinsic motivation would be reading a newly released novel:

For your own enjoyment and pleasure

Schizophrenic disorders are a class of disorders characterized by:

Fundamental disturbances in thought processes, emotion, or behavior

Arnold is extremely talkative and sociable. He likes to have fun, and he is very affectionate. Based on the Big Five model of personality, Arnold would probably score:

High in extroversion

Prejudice involves:

Holding a negative attitude toward members of a group

The process through which the body maintains it's steady-state of equilibrium is called:

Homeostasis

The term for the set of factors that initiate and direct behavior, usually toward some goal is:

Motivation

The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that:

Muscles in the face deliver signals to the brain that are interpreted as subjective emotional states

One of the problems associated with diagnostic labels for psychological disorders is the labels:

Often bias our perceptions of the individual

Several times over the past month, San went to the hospital because he thought he was having a heart attack. His heart would race, he suddenly would be extremely anxious, and he could hardly breathe. If the diagnosis wasn't heart attack, it probably was:

Panic disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves:

Persistent and uncontrollable thoughts, accompanied by the compelling need to perform repetitive acts

The distinguishing pattern of psychological characteristics that differentiate us from others and leads us to act consistently across situations is called:

Personality

The order of human needs, from the most basic to the least basic needs, in maslow's hierarchy of needs is:

Physiological, safety, love and belongingness, esteem, self-actualization

Somatic symptom disorders involve:

Psychological problems that focus on the physical body

In the covariation model of attribution, three types of information are used in making decisions. Which of the following is not one of them?

Reliability

Unconsciously motivated attempts to subvert or hinder psychoanalysis are called:

Resistance

Peter is usually reserved and quiet, but when he goes to a football game he screams at the officials when they make a call he dislikes. Allport would say that Peter's aggressiveness is an example of:

Secondary trait

The study of how people use processes such as perception, memory, thought, and emotion to help make sense of other people as themselves is:

Social cognition

General knowledge structures about social experiences or people are called:

Social schema

Cros-cultural studies of personality traits are most commonly interpreted to support:

The big five approach

The two-factor theory of emotion States that:

The cognitive interpretation or appraisal of physiological reactions drives the subjective experience of emotion

Freud suggested that the portion of the personality that seeks appropriate outlets for basic needs while adhering to social constraints is:

The ego

The term diagnostic labeling effects refers to:

The fact labeling may increase the likelihood a person will act in an abnormal way

By lesion into (destroying) part of the brain of a laboratory rat a scientist has caused the rat to eat continuously and balloon to several times it's normal weight. Which part of the brain has the scientist lesioned?

The hypothalamus

Attitudes have three components. Which of the following is NOT ONE of the components?

The internal component

Which of the following is the most powerful determinant of a first impression ?

The physical attractiveness of the person

An advantage of projective personality tests is that:

They help people open up and talk about themselves

Formal systems for assessing how people differ, particularly in their predispositions to respond in certain ways across situations, are called:

Trait theories

Resistance refers to:

Unconsciously motivated attempts to subvert or hinder psychoanalysis

Instincts refer to

Unlearned, characteristic patterns of responding that are controlled by specific triggering stimuli

Systematic desensitization is designed to remove:

Unwanted negative associations using classical conditioning techniques

The basic aim of behavioral therapies is to:

Use the basic principles of learning to solve psychological problems