Psych 201 Final Chapters 14 & 15
Rhonda, who has just been diagnosed with schizophrenia at the age of 22, has an identical twin sister who does not suffer from the disorder at this point. The likelihood that her sister will develop the disorder is approximately _____ percent
50
The National Co-morbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) study revealed that nearly _____ percent of people surveyed have a lifetime prevalence of any psychological disorder.
50
The founder of psychoanalysis was
Sigmund Freud
Miley is 5'9" and weighs 95 pounds, far under the weight she should be for her height. Few of her clothes fit her because she has lost so much weight recently. But, when she looks in the mirror, she sees an overweight person. Miley is MOST likely suffering from
anorexia nervosa
The antianxiety drugs that increase the levels of the neurotransmitter GABA may become physically addictive if taken over a long period. These drugs are called:
benzodiazepines.
Jeneen is taking a prescription drug that contains the naturally occurring substance lithium. It is MOST likely that she is suffering from:
bipolar disorder
Tina, a third-year student, recently had an appointment with the psychiatrist at the college counseling center;he prescribed for her the psychotropic medication lithium. Tina MOST likely has been diagnosed as suffering from
bipolar disorder
The eating disorder characterized by binges of overeating followed by self-induced purging is called
bulimia nervosa
The pattern of behavior typically associated with antisocial personality disorder is often found in children in the form of
conduct disorder
One of the key features of a personality disorder is its:
consistency over time and situations
The procedure known as "_____" involves the learning of a new conditioned response that is incompatible with a previously learned response.
counter conditioning
The key goal in client-centered therapy is:
development of self-awareness, psychological growth, and self-directed change
The dissociative disorder in which a person has either only a partial ability or a total inability to recall important personal information is called:
dissosciative amnesia
There is a widely held belief that schizophrenia is related to, and may be caused by, excessive activity of the neurotransmitter _____ in the brain
dopamine
An individual with schizoid personality disorder would be MOST likely to exhibit which of the following behaviors?
emotional indifference and social detachment
Aversion conditioning can BEST be characterized as:
generally not very effective
Frank has a problem with alcohol addiction. His therapist thinks the key to resolving his problem is helping him realize that other people also have similar problems and that the support and encouragement offered by others might help him feel less alone. According to the textbook, Frank's therapist MOST likely believes that_____ would be useful.
group therapy
The distinctive difference between bipolar disorder and major depression is the presence of _____ in bipolar disorder.
mania
The characteristic feature of cyclothymic disorder is that the mood swings are
not severe enough to qualify as bipolar disorder or major depression
Dissociative experiences are not always associated with mental disorders; sometimes they can be associated with
particular religious ceremonies
Because of their specialty training, psychiatrists have _____, distinguishing them from other types of therapists.
prescription privileges
Dr. Gray, who has a medical degree, routinely sees each of her patients at least twice a week for intensive psychotherapy; she has also received training in psychoanalysis. Dr. Gray is MOST likely a
psychoanalyst
Short-term dynamic therapies are based on _____ theory
psychoanalytic
The psychological technique that encourages the understanding of one's problems and the identification of troubling emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems is called
psychotherapy
Thirty-year-old Mia tells her therapist that she feels worthless and unattractive because she doesn't have a boyfriend. Her therapist says, "Your way of thinking is unsound, self-sabotaging, and catastrophic." Her therapist is MOST likely a:
rational-emotive behavioral therapist.
Based on what is described in your textbook, which of the following is NOT a criticism of DSM-5 among clinicians?
the removal of homosexuality as a psychological disorder
Which of the following accurately describes interpersonal therapy?
It is highly structured
Which of the following is an accurate statement about DSM-5?
It represents a consensus of mental health professionals and organizations.
Panic disorder that evolves into a destabilizing fear of suffering a panic attack in public is called
agoraphobia
In contrast to Freud's view of the therapeutic relationship, Rogers believed that the therapist should
be non-directive
You incidentally notice a lot of chocolate bar wrappers hidden in the wastebasket in your dorm room. You also notice that your roommate has frequently been vomiting. Your roommate may be suffering from
bulimia nervosa
Which therapy was developed by Carl Rogers as a non-directive approach toward helping a client develop self-awareness and self-acceptance?
client-centered therapy
Aaron Beck developed _____ therapy.
cognitive
Tara has a history of panic disorder, which flared up particularly when it was time to study for big exams.Now, although she's graduated from college, the panic attacks have begun again. Based on what we know about the superiority of different psychotherapies for different disorders, it is likely that Tara would MOST benefit from:
cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Physiologically, the effects of anorexia are similar to the effects of starvation: basal metabolic rates _____, and blood levels of glucose, insulin, and leptin _____
decrease; decrease
When a person says that people are constantly talking about her, that everything is somehow related to her,that people are plotting against her, or that she is extremely powerful, she is exhibiting the range of _____associated with schizophrenia
delusions
Kate is on a community health-care facility committee that has been tasked with determining which of the major forms of psychotherapy is most effective. After she reviews studies that used meta-analysis to assess the results of treatment outcomes, she is MOST likely to conclude that
in general, there is little or no difference in the effectiveness of the different forms of psychotherapy.
Jeremiah received a C on his midterm psychology exam, despite studying long and hard for this test. He has subsequently convinced himself that he is a failure and is depressed and miserable. The activating event is his_____, the belief is his _____, and the consequence is his _____.
midterm grade; idea that he is a failure; misery and depression
Which one of the following can BEST be said about the inclusion of various traditional therapy approaches in group therapy?
most approaches can be used.
Some of the most effective behavioral techniques used to treat such diverse conditions as psychological problems caused by a weight control struggle and autism rely on the principles of:
operant conditioning
Jamal is afraid of elevators as a result of having been stuck in one for 10 hours when he was a child. Using the learning principle of operant conditioning, it is likely that his _____ of avoiding elevators is _____ reinforced by the relief from fear that he experiences when he does not get on an elevator
operant response; negatively
The textbook discusses an approach that deals with a wide array of psychological, medical, and behavioral problems through group processes and interactions, with sessions typically organized and led by nonprofessionals. This approach is called the
self help group approach
The disorder known as taijin kyofusho in Japanese culture shares several features with what is known as"_____" in American culture.
social anxiety disorder
The MOST important contribution to effective psychotherapy is the:
therapeutic relationship
Dissociative fugue, like dissociative amnesia, is considered to be associated with
trauma or stress
