Psych ch. 4-6 chapter review

In his classic study of transcendental meditation, benson found that meditation leads to _________

A relaxation response

Elyse is a college student who has developed a tolerance to heroin and experiences withdrawal symptoms whenever she doesn't have a "fix" at least every eight hours. She feels that she has lost control and has to organize her life around her habit. She would be classified as having ______

A substance use disorder

Control

A substance use disorder is characterized by loss of _________ over the use of the substance

Which of the following are children most likely to "outgrow"

Bed wetting

Five

During a typical eight-hour night, we undergo ______ trips through the different stages of sleep

When clay joined AA on order to stop drinking, he received a pamphlet that described the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. These included ___________

High blood pressure and rapid pulse, restlessness and tremors, and anxiety and weakness

Extinguish

Repeated presentation of a CS (such as a tone) without the UCS (such as meat) will _______ the CR (salivation)

Cocaine

________ is a stimulant that boosts self-confident but also triggers rises in blood pressure and constricts the coronary arteries

Programmed

_________ learning breaks down learning tasks into small steps and reinforces correct performance of each step

Negative

_________ reinforcers increase the probability that operant will occur when they are removes

Hallucinogenic

_________ substances distort perceptions

Unconditioned

A response to an unconditioned stimulus is called a(n) __________ response

Conditioned

A response to a conditioned stimulus is termed a(n) _________ response

Contingency

According to ________ theory, learning occurs because a CS indicates that the UCS is likely to follow

Activation

According to the _________-synthesis model, dreams reflect neural activity

The most popular drug on college campuses is __________

Alcohol

Which of the following statements is correct concerning brain waves and the sleep cycle

High-frequency brains waves are assisted with being awake

Trance

Hypnosis is an altered state of consciousness in which people are suggestible and behave as though they are in a _________

Which of the following is most likely to be prescribed for use with hyperactive children?

Ritalin

Allegra is said to have hypnotic suggestibility. She is likely to _________

Be prone to fantasy

Paradoxical

Because EEG patterns during REM sleep resemle those of the waking state, REM sleep is also called ________ sleep

Abstinence

Biological or physiological symptoms of a substance use disorder include tolerance an(a) _________ syndrome when one discontinues use of the substance

Awareness

Consciousness has several meanings, including sensory awareness, the selective aspect of attention, direct inner ________, personal unity, and the walking state

The notion that animals that are most at risk from predators sleep less is taken from which of the following perspectives?

Evolutionary

Spontaneous

Extinguished responses often show _________ recovery as a function of the passage of time

Fixed-interval

In a _________ schedule, a specific amount of time must elapse since a previous correct response before reinforcement again becomes available

Mantra

In meditation, one focuses on a ______ to alter the normal person-environment relationship

Flooding

In the behavior-therapy method of _______, a client is continuously exposed to a fear-evoking stimulus until the fear response is extinguished

Albert

John B Watson and Rosalie Rayner used conditioning to teach a boy who is known as "little ________" to fear rats

When we say that we are "conscious of" seeing something or hearing a sound, we are referring to consciousness as ________

Sensory awareness