Psych Fund - Chpt. 7 Quiz

True or false? 1) All memory disorders consist of either misremembering or not remembering enough. 2) According to trace decay theory, memories that we don't access can decay over time. 3) It is always best to retain memories for as long as possible. 4) Without rehearsal of new information, we quickly forget much more than we remember.

1) False 2) True 3) False 4) True

Match each term to the corresponding process. 1) storage 2) memory 3) encoding 4) retrieval a) the ability to acquire, retain, & receive information. b) taking the information we perceive & converting it for storage. c) retention of information in the brain for later use. d) accessing information stored in the brain.

1) c 2) a 3) b 4) d

Matching each term to the correct definition. 1) grouping separate stimuli 2) process for storing and rehearsing language 3) set of strategies for encoding information 4) the control center that supports cognitive operations on sensory inputs 5) temporary storage for very recently acquired information 6) process for manipulating shapes and images a) visuo-spatial sketchpad b) working memory c) chunking d) central executive e) short-term memory f) phonological loop

1) c 2) f 3) b 4) d 5) e 6) a

Fill in the blanks to complete the passage about lessons learned from the patient known as H.M. H.M., later revealed to be a man named Henry Molaison, had portions of his ____1____ removed to treat epilepsy. The surgery left his short-term memory and most of the long-term memories that he formed prior to surgery ____2____ ; however, his ability to transfer information from working memory to long-term memory was ____3____. This demonstrated that working memory and long-term memory are ____4____. a) unrelated b) identical c) occipital lobes d) severely imaired e) medial temporal lobes f) intact g) different

1) e 2) f 3) d 4) g

Identify each scenario as en example of either retroactive or proactive interference. 1) Kavita keeps confusing a new employee's name with that of another employee who left the company last year. 2) Carolyn recently changed her computer password and now cannot recall her old password. 3) After binging the latest season of her favorite show, Tanya has trouble remembering events from the first season. 4) Erin took four years of French in high school. On her first exan in her college Italian course, she can only recall French words.

1) proactive 2) retroactive 3) retroactive 4) proactive

Based on Craik and Lockhart's levels-of-processing memory model, place in order how deeply the following information about dogs would be encoded, from the shallowest to the deepest. 1) A person grew up with dogs and owns them to this day. 2) A person can remember all the dog breeds because she knows a song that lists them. 3) A person glances at a magazine and sees a picture of a dog. 4) A person spends the weekend walking and playing with a friend's dog.

3, 2, 4, 1

According to Craik and Lockhart's levels-of-processing model, place the types of encoding in order of how deeply the memories will be encoded, from shallowest to deepest. 1) semantic 2) self-referential 3) visual 4) auditory

3, 4, 1, 2

Which of the following are examples of semantic memory? 1) reciting movie dialog you know by heart 2) walking on the beach while gazing out at the ocean waves 3) explaining the rules for playing a card game 4) repeating driving directions to a restaurant over the phone

CORRECT : 1, 3, 4 INCORRECT : 2

Which scenarios are examples of infantile amnesia? 1) Anahit can't remember anything before her first day of preschool at age 3. 2) When Hernan was 4 years old, he suffered a concussion and forgot about a week's worth of memories. 3) Jose is 3 years old, and she doesn't remember what ate for dinner yesterday. 4) Chantou owned a toy giraffe when she was 2 years old but has no memory of it as an adult.

CORRECT : 1, 4 INCORRECT : 2, 3

Which of the following are examples of encoding specificity impacting memory? 1) state-dependent retrieval 2) self-referential encoding 3) free recall 4) mood-dependent retrieval

CORRECT: 1, 4 INCORRECT: 2, 3

Which of the following features do flashbulb memories possess? 1) Their accuracy is high long after the event. 2) Some have a strong emotional component, while others do not. 3) They change very little over time. 4) People have confidence in their accuracy because they are so vivid.

CORRECT: 4 INCORRECT: 1, 2, 3

True or False: Each time the eye is exposed to a particular stimulus, it produces an identical amount of activity in the brain.

False. Note: The brain is most active when we first experience a stimulus. Later presentations of the same stimulus elicit less activity, because recognizing a familiar stimulus is easier than encoding a new one.

True or False: David is a stage magician who is famous for his close-up card tricks. Learning a new trick involves practicing the same series of hand movements over and over until they are second nature. If David practices for several hours a day, we would expect the brain areas associated with learning these motions to still show heightened activity hours after he finishes practicing.

True. Think: memory consolidation.

Three men are present when a pregnant woman suddenly goes into labor and gives birth in the lobby of a bank. Which of the men is likely to best remember the event afterward? a) Ibrahim, who is taking propranolol to control his blood pressure. b) Jayvon, who had opened a checking account at the branch that same day. c) Danh, who was orn with Urbach-Wiethe syndrome and lacks an amygdala.

b) Jayvon, who had opened a checking account at the branch that same day.

Although most adults are unable to remember events prior to 3 years of age, some report particularly intense memories from earlier in life than that. Whether such memories are genuine or fabricated, however, remains controversial. What hypothesis has been put forward for how some people appear to have such early life memories? a) Weak activity by the amygdala is boosted by the hippocampus in early life. b) When families have intense emotional experiences, they tend to retell the story of those events, and young children come to recall those stories as memories. c) Some people display a reminiscence bump associated with infancy and early life. d) Early-life memories are experience most often by East Asian children due to cultural influences.

b) When families have intense emotional experiences, they tend to retell the story of those events, and young children come to recall those stories as memories.

Which scenario is an example of memory consolidation? a) Jared spends all night reciting a phone number to himself so he won't forget it. b) As a side-effect of medication, June can't remember what happened yesterday, even though she was fine & clear-headed at the time. c) Sergio better remembers the names of clients he met the previous day after a good night's sleep. d) Brady remembers events that happened last year about as clearly as events that happened five years ago.

c) Sergio better remembers the names of clients he met the previous day after a good night's sleep.