psych test #4 perception

If a 100-Hz tone had to be increased to 110-Hz for a subject to just notice the difference, you would predict that a 1000-Hz tone would have to be increased to

1100 to be noticed

the optic disc is

where the optic nerve exits the retina

the blind spot in the eye is

where the opticnerve exits the back of the eye

Subliminal means

below threshold

When Celeste was playing her stereo at 40 decibels and she turned it up to 44 decibels, she could notice that it was louder. Based on this information you could predict that if Celeste has her stereo playing at 80 decibels, her jsut noticeable difference for loudness would be

8 decibels, twice as much as it was at 40 decibles

Sensory adaptation refers to

a decline in sensitivity after prolonged stimulation

Evelyn turned teh thermostat up from 68 degrees to 70 degrees; however, she doesn't think it feels any warmer and she wants to turn iit up even higher. Her roommate thinks that it is now too hot, and she wants to turn the thermostat back down. Apparently Evelyn has

a larger just noticable difference for temperature than her roommate does

Technically, your absolute threshold is the point which you can detect

a stimulus 50% of the time

a the musical he attended over the weekend, Andrew noticed that whenever the red and green spotlights overlapped, they seemed to change to a yellow spotilight. This can be explained using the principles of

additive color mixing`

Sensory adaptation can explain all of the following except a. getting used to the smell of the perfume you are wearing b. hearing your name spoken in a noisy room c. feeling comfortable in a cold swimming pool after being in for a few minutes d. getting used to the touch of your clothes on your skin

b. hearing your name spoken in a noisy room

the lens in the eye

bends entering light rays and focuses them onto the retina

if the human eye was not responsive to differences in the amplitude of light waves we would not be able to detect differences in

brightness

overall, it appears that we percieve

changing stimuli better than constant ones

The wavelength of light mainly affects our perception of

color

if the human eye was not responsive to differences in the wavelength of light, we would not be able to percieve differences in

color

in the bright sunlight, the pupil of the eye is

constricted

in dim light, the pupil of the eye is

dilated, producing an image that is not as sharp

"Parallel processing" in the visual pathways suggests that separate neural channels

extract different information from visual inputs

William was having his hearing tested, and a number of the tones that were presented were so faint he was not able to detect them. There faint sounds would

fall below William's absolute threshold for sound

In the signal-detection method, if a subject detects a stimulus when no stimulus is actually present, this would be a

false alarm

cells in the visual cortex that respond selectively to specific features of complex stimuli are called

feature detectors

hering's opponent-process theory suggests that receptors are linked antagonistically in pairs. His opposed pairs were

green-red; yellow-blue; black-white

imagine that biologists have discovered an animal that has eyes very similar to the human eyes, but that the only receptor cells in the retina are rods; there are no cones. Based on what is known about human vision you might expect that this animal would

have no color vision

the structure that controls the size of the pupil is the

iris

Juanita was drinking some warm punch and she thought tshe could jsut detect a faint taste of nutmeg in the punch. However when she took another sip the taste wasn't there. On the third sip she could jsut make out the taste of nutmeg again. It is very likely that the amount of nutmeg in the punch was

just at her absolute threshold for taste

as people age the lens of the eye loses its ability to accomadate, and it tends to remain flat, instead of becoming fat and round. This suggests that as people age they will

lose their ability to focus on objects that are close

the primary visual cortex is located in the

occicpital lobe

according to one theory of color vision, colors are signlaed in pairs by neurons that fire faster to one color and slower to another color. This theory is known as the

opponent process theory

the amount of light entering the eye is regulated by changes in the size of the

pupil

eric has been wearing green welding goggles for the past 30 minutes. Based on the opponent process theory of color vision, when Eric takes off the green goggles he should expect that objects will appear to be

red

Jacob has been working at his computer for the past 2 hours, and the hum that he found to be annoying when he started no longer bothers him. The change in Jacob's sensitivity to the noise from the computer illustrates the process know as

sensory adaptation

If one is subjected to prolonged stimulation, eventually

sensory adaption will occur

while finger painting, Chris mixed yellow and blue paint and ended up with green, this is an example of

subtractive color mixing

our perception of the brightness of a color is affected mainly by

the amplitude of light waves

Courtney wears glasses to correct the far-sightedness in her left eye. If she were not wearnig her glasses

the lens would focus images behind the retina in her left eye

If a subject is presented with a series of pairs of light bulbs of different wattages and is asked whether the members of each pair differ in brightness, what is being measured?

the subjec's just noticable difference for brightness

Television sets are able to recreate the entire visible spectrum by additively mixing 3 primary colors. This process is similar to the view of human color vision called

trichromatic theory

if you projwct a red, a green, and a blue light into space, the point at which the 3 lights cross will lead to the perception of

white light

denise was momentarily blinded when a paparazzi snapped her pic using a blue flash. Following the flash, she saw spots for several minutes. Based on the opponent process theory of color vision, the sppots that Denise saw would be

yellow