Psychiatric - Chp 16

A client in an inpatient setting has a delusion that there are a multitude of noxious gases in circulation that have the potential to poison him and that these are undetectable. Which of the nurse's following responses is most therapeutic? a) "I can assure you that you are actually very safe here." b) "There are actually no poison gases in the atmosphere that we don't know about." c) "If we detect a poison gas here, I promise that you'll be the first to know." d) "Why do you think that you keep insisting on this belief?"

a) "I can assure you that you are actually very safe here."

A schizophrenic client is exhibiting emotional withdrawal and poor eye contact. The mental health nurse knows that these symptoms are suggestive of which neurotransmitter imbalance? a) Decreased dopamine b) Increased histamine c) Decreased serotonin d) Increased GABA

a) Decreased dopamine

A client with schizoaffective disorder is prescribed an atypical antipsychotic agent. The nurse understands that this drug is effective in controlling the psychotic symptoms as well as helping with which of the following? a) Reducing the risk for extrapyramidal effects b) Stabilizing the client's mood symptoms c) Eliminating the need for electroconvulsive therapy d) Limiting the amount of weight gained by the client

b) Stabilizing the client's mood symptoms

A client has been taking neuroleptic medications for many years as a treatment for schizophrenia. The client is exhibiting tongue protrusion, facial grimacing, and excessive blinking. These manifestations are characteristic of ... a) Dystonia b) Tardive dyskinesia c) Akathisia d) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

b) Tardive dyskinesia

The client who hesitates 30 seconds before responding to any question is described as having a) blunted affect b) latency of response c) paranoid delusions d) poverty of speech

b) latency of response

When teaching a class of nursing students about brief psychotic disorder, the instructor explains that the episode lasts for at least one day but less than which time frame? a) 1 week b) 1 year c) 6 months d) 1 month

d) 1 month

Clients receiving clozapine (Clozaril) must get white blood cell counts drawn every ... a) Year b) 3 months c) 6 months d) Week for the first 6 months

d) Week for the first 6 months

A client in the psychiatric unit of the hospital has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, paranoid type. He has approached the nurse in the hallway of the hospital and is elaborating in great detail about his delusions of persecution involving secret societies, the Vatican, and the mafia. How should the nurse respond to the client's expression of his delusions? a) "That sounds very stressful for you. Would you like to join me and the others in the lounge?" b) "What can I do to help you get away from these people that want to get you?" c) "Remember that none of this is real and that no one at all is trying to harm you." d) "Do you think that your delusions might be causing you to think this way?"

a) "That sounds very stressful for you. Would you like to join me and the others in the lounge?"

A client diagnosed with schizophrenia has been prescribed clozapine (Clozaril). Which of the following is a potentially fatal side effect of this medication? a) Agranulocytosis b) Tardive dyskinesia c) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome d) Dystonia

a) Agranulocytosis

When assuming the management of the care of a delusional client, the nurse's priority intervention is to a) Assure the client that he or she is safe in this milieu b) Acknowledge that there may be some truth in the delusion c) Identify what triggers the delusion d) Encourage the client to talk about the reasoning behind his or her delusion

a) Assure the client that he or she is safe in this milieu

Which of the following medications is used to control the extrapyramidal effects associated with antipsychotic medications? a) Benzotropine (Cogentin) b) Thioridazine (Mellaril) c) Haloperidol (Haldol) d) Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

a) Benzotropine (Cogentin)

The psychiatric nurse recognizes that a client's cultural background can contribute to the misdiagnosis of schizophrenia primarily because ... a) Clinicians diagnose culturally accepted beliefs as psychotic thinking b) Clinicians often lack knowledge of cultural psychiatric beliefs c) Clients fail to communicate effectively as a result of language barriers d) Clients are often educationally disadvantaged

a) Clinicians diagnose culturally accepted beliefs as psychotic thinking

A mental health nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with catatonic schizophrenia. Based on the diagnosis, the nurse may expect which of the following clinical manifestations? a) Echolalia b) Uninhibited behavior c) Flat affect d) Auditory hallucinations

a) Echolalia

During a client interview, a client diagnosed with delusional disorder states, "I know my wife is being unfaithful to me with her colleague from work. I've found hotel room receipts. I've even followed her and her colleague." The nurse interprets the client's statements as suggesting which type of delusion? a) Jealous b) Unspecified c) Grandiose d) Mixed

a) Jealous

The nurse is developing a plan for group therapy sessions for several adult clients with schizophrenia. Which of the following goals is best for this group? a) Members will demonstrate better social skills. b) Members will gain insight into unconscious factors that contribute to their illness. c) Members will explore situations that trigger hostility and anger. d) Members will learn to manage delusional thinking.

a) Members will demonstrate better social skills.

A client diagnosed with schizophrenia tells the nurse, "I hear the voice of Elvis." Which of the following is the most therapeutic response by the nurse? a) "You shouldn't focus on Elvis' voice." b) "I don't hear the voice, but I know you hear what sounds like a voice." c) "Don't worry about the voice as long as it doesn't belong to anyone real." d) "Elvis has been dead for years."

b) "I don't hear the voice, but I know you hear what sounds like a voice."

After teaching a client with schizoaffective disorder about the condition and treatment, the nurse determines that the education was successful when the client states which of the following? a) "I should go to sleep at night when I feel tired." b) "I need to eat properly so that I can control my weight." c) "I can vary my routines from day to day without problems." d) "I can stop my medication when I start to feel better."

b) "I need to eat properly so that I can control my weight."

A client with a persecutory delusion has been explaining to the nurse the specifics of the conspiracy against her. She pauses and says, "I get the feeling that you don't actually believe that what I'm telling you is true." How should the nurse respond? a) "The conspiracy that you're explaining to me is actually a delusion." b) "No, I don't believe that what you're explaining is actually happening." c) "What's important to me is that it's real for you." d) "What makes you think that I don't believe you?"

b) "No, I don't believe that what you're explaining is actually happening."

A client is diagnosed with schizophreniform disorder. The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record and finds that his symptoms have been present for at least ... a) 1 year b) 1 month c) 6 months d) 1 week

b) 1 month

A 55-year-old man was admitted to the psychiatric unit after an incident in a department store in which he accused a sales clerk of following him around the store and stealing his keys. He was subdued by the police after destroying a window display because voices had told him that it was evil. As the nurse approached the client, he says, "You're all out to get me, and you're one of them. They're Rostoputians and grog babies here." This demonstrates what? a) Echolalia and echopraxia b) Suspiciousness and neologisms c) Loose associations and flight of ideas d) Illusions and loss of ego boundaries

b) Suspiciousness and neologisms

Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for a client having auditory hallucinations? a) Encourage the client to spend quiet time alone until hallucinations cease. b) Tell the client to talk back to the voices and tell them to go away. c) Encourage the client to discuss the content of the hallucinations with staff as they occur. d) Ask the client to keep a journal about what the voices tell him and to bring the journal to therapy sessions.

b) Tell the client to talk back to the voices and tell them to go away.

Which of the following assessment findings in a client who is suspected of having a delusional disorder would be suggestive of a diagnosis of schizophrenia? a) The client responds to group psychotherapy. b) The client experiences frequent and sustained hallucinations. c) The client's beliefs are considered delusional but nonbizarre. d) The client does not have insight into his or her delusions.

b) The client experiences frequent and sustained hallucinations.

The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client taking clozapine (Clozaril). Which of the following is essential to include? a) caution the client not to be outdoors in the sunshine without protective clothing. b) remind the client to go to the lab to have blood drawn for a white blood cell count. c) instruct the client about dietary restrictions d) give the client a chart to record a daily pulse rate.

b) remind the client to go to the lab to have blood drawn for a white blood cell count.

Which of the following statements would indicate that family teaching about schizophrenia had been effective? a) "If our son takes his medication property, he won't have another psychotic episode." b) "I guess we'll have to face the fact that our daughter will eventually be institutionalized." c) "It's a relief to find out that we did not cause our son's schizophrenia." d) "It is a shame our daughter will never be able to have children."

c) "It's a relief to find out that we did not cause our son's schizophrenia."

The nurse working with a client who is newly diagnosed with schizophrenia would include which of the following in the client's education? a) "Schizophrenia is curable if the correct medication and dosages are achieved." b) "Schizophrenia is caused by pathology in the cerebellum, and there are medications that are helpful in this area." c) "Schizophrenia is an illness that involves neurotransmitters, most particularly the dopamine system." d) "Schizophrenia has been found to be nonresponsive to medications, and we will work mostly on helping you with daily activities."

c) "Schizophrenia is an illness that involves neurotransmitters, most particularly the dopamine system."

A client with schizophrenia states that he is God's messenger and his mission is to become president. The nurse documents these comments as evidence of the client's what? a) Formal thought disorder b) Bizarre behavior c) Delusional thinking d) Hallucinatory experiences

c) Delusional thinking

The client's diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder is supported when the nurse documents a) The client's wife reported that her husband "repeated everything I said" for 48 hours b) The client's mother shares that "he never missed work" even with the disorder c) The client reports "hearing voices" for the last three months d) Diagnosis testing confirmed a right parietal brain lesion

c) The client reports "hearing voices" for the last three months

A client diagnosed with schizophrenia states, "I want to go home, go home, go home." This is an example of which of the following speech patterns? a) Neologisms b) Word salad c) Verbigeration d) Clang association

c) Verbigeration

The nurse is teaching a client with schizoaffective disorders about his prescribed medication therapy. The nurse determines that additional education is needed when the client states which of the following? a) "I need to make sure that I drink enough fluids throughout the day." b) "I need to change my position slowly when getting up from lying down." c) "If I notice any strange muscle movements, I should call my provider." d) "One day, I won't have to worry about taking any medication."

d) "One day, I won't have to worry about taking any medication."

A client with schizophrenia displays poverty of speech, unchanging facial expression, and physical anergia. The nurse anticipates that the client would be prescribed which of the following? a) An antidepressant b) A traditional antipsychotic c) A stimulant d) An atypical antipsychotic

d) An atypical antipsychotic

Which of the following data support a nursing diagnosis of impaired verbal communication? a) As evidenced by rapid pacing and running b) As evidenced by the presence of neologism, delusions, and anergia c) As evidenced by ambivalence, delusional thinking, and avolition d) As evidenced by the presence of neologism, echolalia, and clanging

d) As evidenced by the presence of neologism, echolalia, and clanging

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with delusional disorder. The nurse would expect to find which of the following? a) Prolonged mood episodes b) Underlying substance use c) Delusions with a prominent theme d) Less prominent hallucinations

d) Less prominent hallucinations

A client has been prescribed quetiapine (Seroquel) for delusional disorder. In teaching the client about this medication, the nurse must be certain to include which of the following information? a) If dizziness is experienced, the client must call the doctor immediately. b) Quetiapine can cause breast milk production. c) Quetiapine can cause you to crave sugar. d) One of the common side effects is dry mouth.

d) One of the common side effects is dry mouth.

A client with schizoaffective disorder is prescribed clozapine. The nurse understands that in addition to the drug's antipsychotic effects, it is also effective in which of the following? a) Eliminating the need for additional agents b) Reducing the symptoms of anxiety c) Limiting the risk for extrapyramidal adverse effects d) Reducing the risk for suicide

d) Reducing the risk for suicide

Research regarding the family patterns supports asking a client exhibiting symptoms of a delusional disorder ... a) If any family member shows symptoms of depression b) If the client has complied with the treatment plan c) When the delusion first began d) Whether any family members have been diagnosed with schizophrenia

d) Whether any family members have been diagnosed with schizophrenia

The family of a client with schizophrenia asks the nurse about the difference between conventional and atypical antipsychotic medications. The nurse's answer is based on which of the following? a) atypical antipsychotics are newer medication but act in the same ways as conventional antipsychotics. b) conventional antipsychotics are dopamine antagonists; a atypical antipsychotics inhibit the repute of serotonin. c) conventional antipsychotics have serious side effects; atypical antipsychotics have virtually no side effects. d) atypical antipsychotics are dopamine and certain antagonists; conventional antipsychotics are only dopamine antagonists.

d) atypical antipsychotics are dopamine and certain antagonists; conventional antipsychotics are only dopamine antagonists.

John comes into the emergency department stating, "I'm scared because the FBI is now tapping my home phone, and I can hear them talking between my two telephones during the night." John appears disheveled, smells of urine, and speaks in broken sentences. His eyes dart around the room while you are trying to interview him, and he is tapping his fingers on the table. The nursing priority with John would be to a) give John Haldol IM to reduce his paranoia. b) speak with John about calling members of his family to come in. c) assess his family for dysfunctional dynamics. d) reassure John that he is in a safe place where he will be helped.

d) reassure John that he is in a safe place where he will be helped.

The nurse suspects that a client is experiencing a brief psychotic episode based on which of the following? Select all that apply. a) Emotional turmoil b) Evidence of hallucinations c) Gradual onset of symptoms. d) Intense changes in affect e) Mild confusion

a) Emotional turmoil b) Evidence of hallucinations d) Intense changes in affect

During a client interview, a client states that "God has sent me a special message. I'm the only one who can carry out his plan." The nurse interprets this statement as suggesting which type of delusion? a) Grandiose b) Erotomanic c) Somatic d) Mixed

a) Grandiose

A client with schizophrenia is hearing voices that tell him to kill himself. The nurse understands that this client is experiencing a ... a) Hallucination b) Delusion c) Ideas of reference d) Flight of ideas

a) Hallucination

A client diagnosed with delusional disorder is experiencing persecutory delusions involving the belief that someone is putting poison in his food. When developing the client's plan of care, which nursing diagnosis would be most likely? a) Imbalanced Nutrition, Less than Body Requirements b) Ineffective Role Performance c) Ineffective Management of Therapeutic Regimen d) Disturbed Sensory Perception (Tactile)

a) Imbalanced Nutrition, Less than Body Requirements

A client with schizophrenia is receiving antipsychotic therapy. The nurse understands that which of the following is a medical emergency should it develop in the client? a) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome b) Parkinsonism c) Akathisia d) Tardive dyskinesia

a) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

After teaching a class of nursing students about the different types of delusions, the instructor determines that the education was successful when the class identifies which type as most common? a) Persecutory b) Erotomanic c) Somatic d) Grandiose

a) Persecutory

A client is being seen in the health clinic. The nurse observes a shuffling gait, drooling, and slowness of movement. The client is currently taking an antipsychotic for treatment of schizophrenia. The nurse knows that which of the following side effects is occurring? a) Pseudoparkinsonism b) Akathisia c) Dystonic movements d) Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

a) Pseudoparkinsonism

A client with delusional thinking shows a lack of interest in eating at mealtimes. She states that she is unworthy of eating and that her children will die if she eats. Which nursing action would be most appropriate for this client? a) Restricting the client's access to food except at specified mealtimes and snack times b) Encouraging the client to express her feelings at meal times c) Telling the client that she may become sick and die unless she eats d) Paying special attention to the client's rituals and emotions associated with meals

a) Restricting the client's access to food except at specified mealtimes and snack times

A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with schizophreniform disorder. The nurse demonstrates understanding of this disorder, identifying that the client is at risk for developing which of the following? a) Schizophrenia b) Personality disorder c) Major depression d) Substance abuse

a) Schizophrenia

What are the signs and symptoms of schizophrenia according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders? a) Schizophrenia lasts at least 6 months and includes at least 1 month of two or more active-phase symptoms. b) Schizophrenia can be diagnosed as soon as an individual states he or she is hallucinating and delusional. c) Schizophrenia lasts at least 1 month and must include the symptom of hallucinations. d) Schizophrenia can be diagnosed as soon as an individual states he or she is hearing voices.

a) Schizophrenia lasts at least 6 months and includes at least 1 month of two or more active-phase symptoms.

When the client describes fear of leaving his apartment as well as the desire to get out and meet others, it is called a) ambivalence b) anhedonia c) alogia d) avoidance

a) ambivalence

The exasperated mother of a man who has a delusional disorder expends great time and energy trying to convince him that he is not actually the focus of a nationwide, secret plot to track his activities. Which of the man's following responses is most typical of an individual with a delusional disorder? a) "I'll consider what you think, Mom, but this is something I really, really need." b) "You're so naïve, Mom. You just don't understand what's really happening out there." c) "I've told you before that I can't just snap my fingers and change the way I think." d) "I know I've got delusions, Mom, but you would too if you had to live my life."

b) "You're so naïve, Mom. You just don't understand what's really happening out there."

Data from more than 45 family and twin studies spanning seven decades of research point to the following fact about the inheritability of schizophrenia: a) Schizophrenia is known to be inherited through behavioral family pathology, not through genetic means. b) A person whose twin has schizophrenia has a 40% chance of having the disease. c) The risk of inheriting schizophrenia to relatives of someone who has the disorder is less than the risk to relatives of normal controls. d) Schizophrenia inheritability has been found to have very little genetic basis.

b) A person whose twin has schizophrenia has a 40% chance of having the disease.

What is the difference between assertive community treatment (ACT) and intensive case management (ICM)? a) ICM programs use pairs of managers to intervene with clients who are at high risk for relapse. b) ACT programs are more comprehensive than ICM programs and provide an individualized program of care delivered within the client's community by a team of professionals to clients who are identified as "high need." c) ICM programs are more of an umbrella approach to care delivery, using community resources such as schools and churches to help provide care. d) ACT programs are cheaper than ICM programs.

b) ACT programs are more comprehensive than ICM programs and provide an individualized program of care delivered within the client's community by a team of professionals to clients who are identified as "high need."

Which medication classification has been most effective in treating akathisia? a) Antimanics b) Beta-blockers c) Sedatives d) Antianxiety

b) Beta-blockers

Which of the following groups of theories is believed currently to explain the etiology of schizophrenia? a) Family system b) Biologic c) Behavioral d) Cognitive

b) Biologic

Steven has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and is showing the following symptoms: immobility, rigidity, and stupor. What subtype of schizophrenia is Steven most likely suffering from? a) Paranoid b) Catatonic c) Residual d) Disorganized

b) Catatonic

The nurse notes that a client with schizophrenia sits in a chair rocking back and forth. What does the nurse recognizes this as? a) A side effect of medication b) Catatonic excitement c) Catatonic stupor d) A sign of anxiety

b) Catatonic excitement

In managing the milieu for clients with schizophrenia, the nurse considers which of the following the highest priority? a) Social skills training b) Client safety c) Client and family education d) Recreational activities

b) Client safety

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. When documenting the findings, which of the following would the nurse identify as a positive symptom? Select all that apply. a) Anhedonia b) Hallucinations c) Alogia d) Avolition e) Delusions

b) Hallucinations e) Delusions

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a group of mental health nurses on the staff. The nurse is planning to address the topic of psychoeducation and schizoaffective disorder. Which of the following would the nurse include as an effect? Select all that apply. a) Heavier family burdens b) Increased social function c) Decreased family tension d) Longer inpatient stays e) Increased medication compliance

b) Increased social function c) Decreased family tension e) Increased medication compliance

A client with delusional disorder believes that the cook at the psychiatric hospital is trying to poison her. The nurse would record this type of delusion as which of the following? a) Somatic b) Persecutory c) Grandiose d) Erotomanic

b) Persecutory

One of the primary goals in caring for the client with schizophrenia is to establish clear, consistent, open communication. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most effective in accomplishing this goal? a) Arrange for the client to go home as soon as possible on a day pass. b) Present reality in clear simple language, and demonstrate patience. c) Supervise all of the client's activities of daily living. d) Assist the client to do at least one physical activity each day.

b) Present reality in clear simple language, and demonstrate patience.

The nurse understands that certain factors are known to predispose an individual to a delusional disorder. These factors include what? a) Genetic predisposition b) Severe stress c) Electrolyte imbalances d) Head injury

b) Severe stress

A client diagnosed with schizophrenia states to the nurse, "My intestines are being eaten by snakes." This statement represents which type of delusion? a) Grandiose delusion b) Somatic delusion c) Referential delusion d) Persecutory delusion

b) Somatic delusion

The nurse's psychiatric assessment of a newly immigrated client being evaluated for possible religious oriented delusions is driven by the assumption that ... a) Most cultures contain well-accepted religious beliefs b) Some cultures hold religious beliefs that might be confused with delusional thought c) The nurse's cultural religious beliefs may differ from those of the client's d) Delusions are often focused on the client's cultural religious beliefs

b) Some cultures hold religious beliefs that might be confused with delusional thought

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with delusional disorder. Which of the following would the nurse need to keep in mind? a) The delusions have probably just recently developed. b) Female clients with delusional disorder often act on their delusions. c) Clients with delusional disorder typically have problems with medication compliance. d) Psychopharmacologic agents are quite helpful in alleviating the delusions.

c) Clients with delusional disorder typically have problems with medication compliance.

The nurse is developing a care plan for a client with delusional disorder, somatic type. Which of the following would be an appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client? a) Disturbed sleep pattern b) Chronic low self-esteem c) Disturbed thought process d) Risk for self-directed violence

c) Disturbed thought process

The experienced psychiatric nurse shares with the novice nurse that effective nursing care for the delusional client depends on (Select all that apply.) a) Providing the client with logical proof that the delusion is neither real nor valid b) Supporting the delusion only when the client is extremely agitated c) Expecting the client to adhere to all unit rules d) Managing the milieu so as to minimize situations that will frustrate or anger the client e) Being relaxed during frequent nurse-client interactions

c) Expecting the client to adhere to all unit rules d) Managing the milieu so as to minimize situations that will frustrate or anger the client e) Being relaxed during frequent nurse-client interactions

A client broke down in tears when speaking with the nurse, stating, "You have no idea what it's like to be responsible for finding Osama bin Laden. Every day I have to stay one step ahead of the Al Qaida operatives that he's sent after me." In light of the client's statement, which of the following nursing diagnoses should the nurse prioritize? a) Disturbed Sensory Perception related to grandiose delusions b) Defensive Coping related to delusional thoughts c) Fear related to persecutory delusions d) Impaired Social Interactions related to delusional thinking

c) Fear related to persecutory delusions

During an admission assessment, a client with schizoaffective disorder states that he hears the voice of God in his head and the voice is telling him that he is worthless. What would the nurse document this symptom as? a) Avolition b) Delusion c) Hallucination d) Alogia

c) Hallucination

A mental health client insists that her husband is trying to poison her. In this instance, the client is exhibiting which type of delusion? a) Somatic b) Grandiose c) Persecutory d) Erotomanic

c) Persecutory

The nurse is evaluating the plan of care for a client with schizophrenia. Which of the following observations best suggests that the plan has been effective? a) The client has been compliant with taking her medications and attending therapy sessions. b) The client no longer believes that she has special powers. c) The client has resumed employment and has been attending social functions at the community center. d) The client reports that she no longer has hallucinations.

c) The client has resumed employment and has been attending social functions at the community center.

In working with the individual and family, the most accurate statement that the nurse can teach the client and family about schizophrenia is what? a) "Medications for schizophrenia have not changed much since the early 1950s, although there are some medications that may be helpful." b) "It is more effective to treat the individual on a one-to-one basis than to involve the family in treatment because it is a very complicated process." c) "Schizophrenia is being found to be related more closely to family dysfunction than to physiology, which is why family therapy is the most effective treatment for this disorder." d) "Individuals with schizophrenia do have differences in brain structure and function that cause a variety of symptoms such as amotivation and hearing voices."

d) "Individuals with schizophrenia do have differences in brain structure and function that cause a variety of symptoms such as amotivation and hearing voices."

A mental health client has been prescribed clozapine (Clozaril) for the treatment of schizophrenia. The nurse should be alert to which of the following potentially life-threatening adverse effects of this medication? a) Weight loss b) Palpitations c) Hemorrhage d) Agranulocytosis

d) Agranulocytosis

A client with a diagnosis of schizophrenia has a history of auditory and visual hallucinations. Which of the following interventions is most likely to minimize the client's hallucinations? a) Ensuring that the client does not sleep more than 7 hours in any 24-hour period b) Providing a vivid, bright environment that provides distractions from hallucinations c) Clustering the client's medications at 0800 hours d) Creating a low-stimulation setting

d) Creating a low-stimulation setting

The nurse is caring for a client who has been taking fluphenazine (Prolix) for 2 days. The client suddenly cries out, his neck twists to one side, and his eyes appear to roll back in the sockets. The nurse finds the following PRN medications ordered for the client. Which one should the nurse administer? a) Benztropine (Cogentin), 2mg PO, bid PRN b) Fluphenazine (Prolixin), 2mg PO, tid PRN c) Haloperidol (Haldol), 5mg IM, PRN extreme agitation d) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 25mg IM, PRN

d) Diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 25mg IM, PRN

A nurse is reading a journal article about the etiology of schizoaffective disorder. Which of the following would the nurse most likely find? a) Structural changes in the brain have been shown to directly cause the disorder. b) A specific biologic marker has been found as the underlying cause. c) Dopamine excess is a major contributor to the disorder. d) Genetics appears to be the primary etiologic factor for the disorder.

d) Genetics appears to be the primary etiologic factor for the disorder.

A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia is telling everyone that he is the president of the United States. This patient is exhibiting which type of delusion? a) Erotomanic b) Somatic c) Jealous d) Grandiose

d) Grandiose

A student nurse has been assigned to provide care for an inpatient psychiatric-mental health patient who has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, paranoid type. This student is apprehensive about interacting with this patient, and the patient's detailed explanations of his delusions accompanied by unpredictable movements have prompted fear in the student. How should this nursing student interpret such feelings? a) Despite their unusual behavior, patients with schizophrenia do not pose a safety risk to care providers. b) These feelings are best divulged to the patient himself, and doing so can foster the openness that promotes a therapeutic relationship. c) Being afraid of a patient who has schizophrenia is a result of stereotyping. d) It is natural to feel fear when a patient exhibits unpredictable behavior, and this can cause the student to be reasonably cautious.

d) It is natural to feel fear when a patient exhibits unpredictable behavior, and this can cause the student to be reasonably cautious.

Shane is a 20-year-old man whose mother was diagnosed with schizophrenia at the age of 25. He is concerned that he may also develop the disorder. Which of the following statements regarding schizophrenia and genetics is true? a) Schizophrenia can only be passed from a mother to her children. b) Schizophrenia can only be passed from a father to his children. c) Schizophrenia has not been shown to be genetic. d) Schizophrenia has shown a strong genetic contribution.

d) Schizophrenia has shown a strong genetic contribution.

A group of nursing students is reviewing information about other psychotic disorders. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which disorder as involving an inducer? a) Schizophreniform disorder b) Psychotic disorder attributable to a substance c) Brief psychotic disorder d) Shared psychotic disorder

d) Shared psychotic disorder

A client with a long history of schizophrenia has managed well on trifluoperazine (Stelazine). She calls her case manager to report that she keeps feeling like she wants to stick out her tongue and stare up at the ceiling. The nurse interprets the client's comments to mean she has which of the following? a) Psychomotor agitation associated with schizophrenia b) The typical bizarre behavior associated with schizophrenia c) An anticholinergic side effect associated with neuroleptic medications d) Signs of tardive dyskinesia (TD) associated with neuroleptic medication

d) Signs of tardive dyskinesia (TD) associated with neuroleptic medication

A client with a delusional disorder has been undergoing individual psychotherapy. The therapy would be deemed ultimately successful when the client meets which of the following outcomes? a) The client will identify situations that evoke anxiety. b) The client will describe problems relating to others. c) The client will identify alternatives to present coping patterns. d) The client will differentiate between reality and fantasy.

d) The client will differentiate between reality and fantasy.