Psychology 041 Chapter 14: Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood

Vaillant's research showed that at age 50, the best predictors of who would be dead at 75 to 80 years of age were:

alcohol abuse and smoking

According to Levinson, by age 40, a man has:

reached a stable point in his career.

A common complaint voiced by both adult children and their parents when adult children return home is a(n):

loss of privacy

Which of the following is NOT one of the five big personality traits identified by Costa and McCrae?

adaptability

The majority of sibling relationships in adulthood are _______.

close

In a survey conducted by AARP (2004), divorced adults reported that they had generally stayed in their marriages and postponed their divorces because of:

their children

According to Levinson, the transition to middle adulthood lasts about _______ years.

5

According to Erikson, _____ develops when individuals sense that they have done nothing for the next generation.

stagnation

According to Erikson, ________ encompasses adults' desire to leave legacies of themselves to the next generation.

Generativity

According to the Almeida & Horn study, which of the following is the difference in the experience of stressors between young adults and middle-aged adults?

Middle-aged adults experienced more "overload" stressors.

According to Levinson, the _________ rests on how effectively the individual reduces the polarities and accepts each of them as an integral part of his being.

Success of the midlife transition

When women experience stress, they are more likely to engage in:

a tend and befriend pattern

Factors at age 50 that were linked with being in the "happy-well" group at age 75 to 80 years of age included all of the following EXCEPT:

being wealthy

Middle-aged adults feel they have less control over their:

children

Which of the following is the conclusion of the study conducted by Costa and McCrae on approximately 1,000 college-educated men and women aged 20 to 96?

considerable stability occurs in the five personality factors

It is common in nonindustrialized societies to

describe individuals as young or old but not as middle-aged.

Middle-age partners are more likely to view their marriage as positive if they:

engage in mutual activities.

Which of the following is one of the Big Five factors of personality?

extraversion

When men face stress, they are more likely to respond in a:

fight-or-flight manner

According to George Vaillant's longitudinal studies, ______ in middle age was more strongly related than intimacy to whether individuals would have an enduring and happy marriage as 75 to 80 years of age.

generativity

Erikson proposed that middle-aged adults face a significant issue which he termed _____.

generativity versus stagnation

Adult development experts are virtually unanimous in their belief that midlife crises:

have been exaggerated

According to research on intergenerational relationships, in which of the following ways is an adult child most likely to be similar to his or her parents?

in politics

Cross-cultural studies show that in non industrialized countries the concept of middle age is:

is not very clear, or in some cases is absent.

Which of the following statements about the empty nest syndrome is true?

it involves a decline in marital satisfaction after children leave the home.

Cathy and Miguel have been dating for six months. Which of the following is likely to be LEAST important in their relationship?

loyalty

Middle adulthood is referred to as the sandwich generation because:

middle-aged adults may have to care for their own adolescent children as well as their elderly parents

According to Lachman, researchers have found that on average a sense of personal control peaks in _____ and then declines.

midlife

According to research by Rossi, which of the following were found to have the closest relationships during their adult years?

mothers and daughters

In a survey conducted by AARP (2004), the primary reason middle-aged and older men cited for wanting a divorce was

no obvious problems; they just fell out of love.

Levinson sees the twenties as a(n) _____ phase of adult development.

novice

Don and Ellie have been married for over 30 years. Which of the following is likely to be MOST important in their relationship?

security

In a survey conducted by AARP (2004), the primary reason middle-aged and older women cited for wanting a divorce was:

verbal, physical, or emotional abuse.