Psychology 1010 EXAM 1
The origins of biological psychology are found in attempts to apply the scientific method to the ____ in _____
mind-body-problem; philosophy
Multiple sclerosis involves a breakdown of the ____
myelin sheath
Patwardhan et al. report data from a study where they hired experimental confederates to attend speed dating events, posing as daters, and carefully take notes on the behaviors of the daters. What type of research design did they use?
naturalistic observation
Researchers must ________ important concepts in their studies so others would have a clear understanding of exactly how those concepts were defined.
operationalize
_____ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs
Abraham Maslow
which of the following exemplifies the empirical model?
Dr. Sarkeesian observes and records how watching cartoons influences heart rates
A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n)______ psychologist
I-O
If someone wanted to become a psychology professor at a 4-year college, then s/he would probably need a ________ degree in psychology.
PhD
Damage to the ________ disrupts one's ability to comprehend language, but it leaves one's ability to produce words intact.
Wernicke's Area
The neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction is:
acetylcholine
The social sciences:
are more like the natural sciences in their methods and more like the humanities in their concerns
Longitudinal research is complicated by high rates of _____
attrition
Psychologists work as:
both applied and basic scientists
Reuptake is a process that:
brings neurotransmitter back into the terminal button for later reuse
"In science, the name of the game is_____"
causality
the two major divisions of the nervous system are the ____ and _____
central; peripheral nervous systems
Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A psychologist would say they have different ________.
chronotypes
A ______ scan involves taking a number of x-rays of a particular section of a person's body or brain
computerized tomography (CT) scan
_____ is the tendency to ignore evidence that disproves ideas or beliefs
confirmation bias
This part of a neuron specializes in receiving information
dendrite
In a ______ study, both the researchers and the participants are unaware of the group assignments
double blind
Which of the following research designs will allow cause-and-effects conclusion?
experimental
A series of dots arranged in the shape of a face will be perceived as a face, not a series of dots. A psychologist studying this phenomenon is applying the principles of_______
gestalt psychology
an intelligence test yields the same results when administered on three separate occasions. However, the test results are more strongly correlated with hours spent doing homework than they are with other standardized intelligence tests. This test has _____reliability and _____ validity
high; low
_______ is a perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans
humanism
______ is most effective in individuals that are very open to the power of suggestion
hypnosis
The body's biological clock is located in the ______
hypothalamus
Depression may be more common in_____ cultures
individualistic-competitive
Psychologists disagree on how to define the word_____ because of differences in values
person
An individual's consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n)______
personality
The _______ secretes hormones that regulate the body's fluid levels
pituitary
Which social science does NOT focus on meta-personal variables?
psychoanalysis
Stan and Jenny are in a psychology course that requires them to repeat an experiment that researchers have conducted in the past, in order to determine whether they produce the same results. This is called ________.
replication
When a neuron is neither receiving or send a message, it displays a(n)_______ potential
resting
A _____ is a graphical view of the strength and direction of a correlation
scatter plot
A physio-personal cause of depression appears to be low levels of_____ activity
serotonin
LSD affects ________ neurotransmission.
serotonin
Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________.
studying over behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes
Jeremy has Parkinson's disease, a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects motor skills. In addition to motor symptoms, Jeremy has noticed changes in his mood, and he feels the need to smoke more cigarettes than he used to. It is likely that Jeremy's _______ is producing less _______ than it needs to.
substantia nigra; dopamine
Which of the following best defines hypothesis as it is understood in the scientific method?
tentative explanation
Scientific hypotheses are _____ and falsifiable
testable
The major limitation of case studies is ________.
the inability to generalize the findings from this approach to the larger population
The scientific attempt to explain phenomena with the fewest number of causes represents:
the principle of parsimony
Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same effect. This is an example of ______
tolerance
An action potential involves Na+ moving _____ the cell and K+ moving _____ the cell
inside; outside
Attempts to explain the person as a narrative structure reflect an emphasis on______ variables
intra-personal
The hidden meaning of a dream is called the ______ content
latent
_______ is the differences between hemispheres in the areas underlying language function.
lateralization
A state of ______, as shown by EEG recordings of new practitioners, is not an altered state of consciousness; however patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness
meditation
_______ appears to be especially important for enhanced performance on recently learned tasks
slow-wave sleep