Psychology 1101 Chapter 4

Melatonin release from the pineal gland is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________. darkness; light light; darkness pulsing light; steady light twilight; gloom

darkness; light

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity. antipsychotic depressant hallucinogen stimulant

depressant

Which researcher believed that dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer? Carl Jung John Hobson Rosalind Cartwright Sigmund Freud

Rosalind Cartwright

Which of the following statements about sleep deprivation is false? Sleep deprivation can result in decreased mental alertness and cognitive function. Sleep deprivation is associated with obesity. Sleep deprivation has been found to lead to ADHD. Sleep deprivation often results in depression-like symptoms.

Sleep deprivation has been found to lead to ADHD.

Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) ________ rhythm. lucid biological heterostatic suprachiasmatic

biological

Which psychological perspective might advance the argument that our sleep patterns evolved as an adaptive response to predatory risks, which are higher during periods of darkness? cognitive behavioral dependent evolutionary Freudian

evolutionary

Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Samek may have ________. somnambulism damage to his K-complex narcolepsy REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)

narcolepsy

After Omar falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. Which parasomnia does Omar have? night terrors narcolepsy restless leg syndrome sleep apnea

night terrors

Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A psychologist would say they have different ________. chromotropes chronologies chronotypes chromatins

chronotypes

________theory suggests that when people are hypnotized they have voluntarily divided their conscious: one half aware of reality and the other half tuned in to the hypnotist. cognitive behavioral dissociative Jungian social-cognitive

dissociative

A state of ________, as shown by EEG recordings of new practitioners, is not an altered state of consciousness; however, patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness. cognizance insomnia meditation narcolepsy

meditation

Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________. insomnia narcolepsy night terrors restless leg syndrome

narcolepsy

Shoresh suggests that Ted cluck like a chicken during the hypnosis not because he is experiencing an altered state of consciousness but because he is playing the role of a hypnotized person. This is a good example of the ________ theory of hypnosis. cognitive-behavioral dissociative hypnotic mediation social-cognitive

social-cognitive

Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same effect. This is an example of ________. physical dependence psychological dependence tolerance withdrawal

tolerance

Which theory of dreams suggested that they do not, in fact, have any meaning at all but rather are simply the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural firing that occurs while we sleep? The neo-dissociationist view The activation-synthesis model The activation-information-mode model The wish fulfillment approach

The activation-synthesis model

Why can amphetamines be used to treat ADHD in children? They decrease neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with hyperactivity. They decrease neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control. They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with emotions. They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control.

They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control.

Which of the following is not a risk factor for SIDS? above average birth weight hyperthermia premature birth smoking in the home

above average birth weight

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world. circadian external melatonin diurnal

circadian

Mescaline is considered a(n) ________ drug because it results in profound alterations in sensory and perceptual experiences. depressant hallucinogenic opioid stimulant

hallucinogenic

Mona lives on the east coast of the USA. She takes an overnight flight to the west coast to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________. homeostasis jet lag night terrors parasomnia

jet lag

In Freud's model of dreams, the hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content. ego-driven preconscious latent manifest

latent

Crack is regarded as more addictive than cocaine because it is ________. cheaper, so people can afford more of it easier to get, so people can take more at once frequently smoked in combination with pharmaceuticals smokable, so it reaches the brain more quickly

smokable, so it reaches the brain more quickly

Cocaine is considered a ________ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity. antipsychotic depressant hallucinogen stimulant

stimulant

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________. falls asleep in the middle of the day sleeps more than 12 hours in a 24-hour period suffers from chronic sleep deprivation suffers from insomnia due to large amounts of debt

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

Which psychodynamic theorist proposed the idea of a collective unconscious that is shared by all members of the human species? Carl Jung John Hobson Rosalind Cartwright Sigmund Freud

Carl Jung