Psychology 120 Ch. 3c hearing

Which statement does NOT characterize frequency theory?

Frequency theory tells us that hair cells near the oval window vibrate more to higher frequency sounds.

_____ work by increasing the amplitude of incoming sound waves so the hair cells in the inner ear can better detect them.

Hearing aids

All of the following characterize the volley principle EXCEPT:

Pitch corresponds to the location of the vibrating hair cells along the cochlea.

Which statement BEST describes place theory?

Pitch corresponds to the location of the vibrating hair cells along the cochlea.

Dr. Sanders is describing the characteristics of sound to his class. He explains that _____ describes how high or low a sound is and _____ is the texture of a sound, its unique combination of frequencies.

Pitch; timbre

All of the following characterize the middle ear EXCEPT:

Signals from the auditory nerve pass through various processing hubs.

Ozuru is trying to remember how the pitch of a stimulus is defined. Which of the following sayings should he memorize?

The faster the peaks, the higher the squeaks.

What purpose do cochlear implants serve? [[Cochlear implants are not in the eyes.]]

They are electronic devices that help those who are hearing impaired.

All of the following characterize sound waves EXCEPT:

They are the weakest stimuli that can be detected 50% of the time.

What happens to the hair cells when the fluid in the cochlea moves?

They bend in response to the motion.

Which statement accurately describes the cochlea?

a snail-shaped structure filled with liquid.

Dr. Day studies the qualities of sound. Today she is running some experiments on the loudness of sounds, so she will be examining the _____ of the waves they generate.

amplitude

Professor Rios studies the sense of hearing. She often has to remind her students that the terminology used for this sense is called:

audition

Professor Peters is sitting in her office, which is very quiet. From across the hallway she hears someone laugh. The laugh creates a sound wave that reaches her ear and sweeps down her _____, a tunnel leading to a delicate membrane called the eardrum. This membrane separates the outer ear from the middle ear.

auditory canal

Cochlear implants pick up sound waves from the environment with a microphone and turn them into electrical impulses that stimulate the_____, which transmits electrical signals to the brain.

auditory nerve

Hair cells toward the end of the _____ near the oval window vibrate more to higher-frequency sounds.

basilar membrane

Odina is looking at a drawing of the human ear. She sees that the entire length of the cochlea is lined with the _____, which contains about 16,000 hair cells.

basilar membrane

The _____ contains about 16,000 hair cells, the receptor cells for sound waves that have been transformed into liquid waves.

basilar membrane

The _____ is a fluid-filled, snail-shaped organ of the inner ear lined with the basilar membrane.

cochlea

The _____ is an extremely delicate structure, and if its hair cells are damaged or destroyed, they will not regrow.

cochlea

The _____ is the location of the auditory receptors.

cochlea

The entire length of the _____ is lined with the basilar membrane, which contains about 16,000 hair cells.

cochlea

Dr. Lyons is using place theory to explore how humans sense the pitch of high-frequency sounds. Thus she will be examining the location of neural activity along the:

cochlea.

Dr. Wade does research on the primary component of the inner ear, a snail-shaped structure filled with liquid. Dr. Wade studies the:

cochlea.

If a vibration is strong enough in the_____, the bending of the hair cells causes the nearby nerve cells to fire.

cochlear fluid

Dr. O'Gallagher works with members of the deaf community. Many of their discussions are about the way the community is divided on the use of _____, as many say that deafness is not a medical problem to be fixed but instead is a culture with its own language, literature, and educational system.

cochlear implants

Sign language bonds the deaf community, and some say that _____ threaten to weaken that bond by assimilating deaf people into the hearing world.

cochlear implants

The deaf community is divided on the use of _____, as many say that deafness is not a medical problem to be fixed but instead is a culture with its own language, literature, and educational system.

cochlear implants

Professor Weber has damage to the middle-ear bones that transmit sound waves to the cochlea. As a result, she has hearing loss due to:

conduction hearing impairment.

To transform sound waves into the language of the brain, the ears:

convert the physical motion of sound waves to the electrical and chemical signals of the nervous system.

Below the base of the hair cells are neuron _____; the axons of these same neurons form the auditory nerve.

dendrites

Dr. Horvath is discussing sound in class today. His voice is heard throughout the room by the students, as well as the people in the hallway. Like any sound, his voice can be differentiated by three main qualities:

loudness, pitch, and timbre.

Hero is listening to a high-pitched squeal coming from his car. As the pitch gets higher and higher, the hair cells toward the end of the basilar membrane near his _____ vibrate more to higher-frequency sounds.

oval window

Inside the middle ear, the hammer pushes the anvil, the anvil moves the stirrup, and the stirrup presses on the drumlike membrane called the:

oval window

The _____ is the drumlike membrane that marks the boundary to the inner ear.

oval window

Colt is sitting in his kitchen late at night. He hears a car honk outside. When the sound wave reaches his middle ear, the hammer pushes the anvil, the anvil moves the stirrup, and the stirrup presses on the drumlike membrane called the:

oval window.

Ganya is listening to a duet that includes a flute and a tuba. When the flute plays its highest note and the tuba plays its lowest note, Ganya is hearing a difference in _____, which describes how high or low a sound is.

pitch

Professor Sosa is interested in measuring the _____ of a sound, its highness or lowness, determined by the frequency of its sound wave.

pitch

Ime is reading about how the brain processes pitch. The _____ proposes that location of neural activity along the cochlea allows us to sense the different pitches of high-frequency sounds.

place theory

Deepak has some hearing loss due to damage of the hair cells on his basilar membrane. This _____ could have been caused by the normal wear and tear of the delicate hair cells.

sensorineural deafness

Dr. Quinn studies bats and their sensory capabilities. She tells her students that although bats cannot see very well, they have an exquisite sense of hearing. Bats can detect _____ well beyond the range of human hearing.

sound frequencies

Dromena is sitting in her bedroom late at night. The house is quiet. Suddenly the cat jumps up on the dresser and knocks a bottle over. Dromena's sense of hearing allowed her to detect _____ resulting from that little accident to enter her ears.

sound waves

Elise is sitting in her car late at night. It is very quiet. Her phone rings. When Elise hears her ring tone, she is detecting _____, alternating zones of high and low pressure moving through the environment.

sound waves

Prescott has his ear pressed up against the wall of his room. He is trying to hear who is talking on the phone so late at night. When Prescott hears his brother's voice through the wall, he is detecting the _____ from his brother voice, which are rhythmic vibrations of molecules traveling through a variety of forms of matter.

sound waves

The hair cells of the basilar membrane are the receptor cells for _____, which have been transformed into liquid waves.

sound waves

Which statement accurately describes the oval window?

the drumlike membrane that marks the boundary to the inner ear.

Issa is taking a singing class in college. He closes his eyes as two classmates sing a note with the same pitch and loudness. He can distinguish their individual voices because he recognizes a difference in the _____ of the two notes.

timbre

Ears are extraordinarily efficient at _____ the physical motion of sound waves into the electrical and chemical signals of the nervous system.

transducing

Selah is listening to her brother, who is yelling to her from across the parking lot. Her ears are efficient at _____ the physical motion of the sound waves he is emitting into the electrical and chemical signals of her nervous system.

transducing

Dr. Smirnov is explaining how the brain processes pitch. A student asks her if the frequency principle can explain how we hear sounds higher than 1,000 Hz, since the maximum rate a neuron can fire is around 1,000 times per second. Dr. Smirnov tells the student that according to the _____, neurons can work together so their combined firing can exceed 1,000 times per second.

volley principle

Fabrizio is listening to a sound of about 3,000 Hz. His perception of that pitch is made possible by neurons working together, according to the:

volley principle.

The auditory cortex is:

where sounds are given meaning.

Farida is thinking about the frequency theory of pitch perception. She remembers from earlier in the semester that the maximum rate at which neurons can fire is approximately _____ times per second.

1,000

Arica works for a commercial airline. The orientation for her job included a section on hearing loss. Arica learned to be careful to protect her ears, because noises like a _____ jet engine can be instantly detrimental to hearing.

140-dB

Ozturk is learning about the qualities of sound. He had a hearing test recently and was happy to learn that he has normal hearing. Therefore, in a quiet environment, he should be able to hear someone whispering, which is measured to be about:

20 dB.

Cody is a teenager. Many of his friends listen to music on MP3 players at high volume through earbuds. He is worried about his friends because he has read research suggesting that _____ of U.S. teenagers have some degree of hearing loss.

20%

One large study found that _____ of U.S. teenagers suffer from some degree of hearing loss.

20%

Haleigh is a college student with normal hearing. If she were participating in a hearing experiment, which range of frequencies could she be expected to hear?

20-20,000 Hz

Professor Smith studies human audition. Which of the following frequency ranges should she use to make sure her participants can detect the full range of sounds humans are capable of hearing?

20-20,000 Hz

Dr. Cologne studies theories that explain how the brain processes pitch. He will be examining the place theory next, so he will be exposing participants to sounds from:

4,000-20,000 Hz.

The place theory explains how humans perceive sounds from:

4,000-20,000 Hz.

Debra is going to do an experiment that explores the volley principle. She will be studying sounds from:

400-4,000 Hz.

Falda has a motorcycle that she enjoys riding in good weather. She should be careful, though, because with continual exposure to her motorcycle, or any sound _____ and above, she is at risk for causing nerve damage and hearing loss.

80 dB

Which statement BEST characterizes the volley principle?

Neurons can work together so that their combined firing can exceed 1,000 times per second.

All of the following characterize hearing loss EXCEPT:

It can be caused by conflicting information received from the eyes and the vestibular system.

: All of the following characterize the cochlea EXCEPT:

It is home to the three tiny bones of the middle ear.

Which statement BEST characterizes frequency theory?

It is not where along the cochlea hair cells are vibrating but how frequently they are firing.

Which statement describes the cochlea?

It is the location of the auditory receptors.

What happens first when a sound wave reaches the ear?

It sweeps down the auditory canal to the eardrum, which separates the outer ear from the middle ear.

Berkley knows someone who has hearing loss because of damage to the fragile structures of his ears. Berkeley learned in her psychology textbook that damage to these structures can be caused by:

ear infections and tumors.

Dr. Garrett is listening to one of his students, who is asking a question from the back of the lecture hall. The student's voice produces a sound wave that reaches Dr. Garret's ear and sweeps down his auditory canal, a tunnel leading to a delicate membrane called the _____. This membrane separates his outer ear from his middle ear.

eardrum

When a sound wave reaches the ear, it sweeps down the auditory canal, a tunnel leading to a delicate membrane called the _____, which separates the outer ear from the middle ear.

eardrum

Dr. Hernandez; studies the pitch of sounds by measuring their _____ in a unit called the hertz.

frequency

Eichi is learning about the different theories that explain how the brain processes pitch. Right now he is studying the _____ theory, which explains how humans perceive sounds from 20-400 Hz.

frequency

Gan is listening to a sound wave with a frequency of 200 Hz. According to _____, his basilar membrane is also vibrating at 200 Hz.

frequency theory

Haquicah is drawing diagram to help her understand the theories that explain how the brain processes pitch. Her drawing depicts the _____, indicating that pitch is determined by the vibrating frequency of the sound wave, basilar membrane, and associated neural impulses.

frequency theory

Professor Fernandez is discussing theories that explain how the brain processes pitch. Unlike the place theory, the _____ states that pitch is determined by the vibrating frequency of the sound wave, basilar membrane, and associated neural impulses.

frequency theory

The impact of a sound wave bouncing against the eardrum sets off a chain reaction through the three tiny bones in the middle ear, called the:

hammer, anvil, and stirrup.

The pitch of a sound:

is based on the frequency of its waves.