Psychology: Capter 10

Aggression that is designed to accomplish a goal is called ____ aggression.

Instrumental

Instrumental aggression is to ____, as hostile aggression is to ____.

satisfaction of a goal; desire to hurt

Discrimination is a ____.

behavioral expression of prejudice

Cognitive dissonance theory most directly explains ____.

Attitude change as a result of internal motivation

A proposed form of subtle racism in which European Americans feel aversive emotions around African Americans with consequent discrimination occurring is known as ____.

Aversive racism

Fran was recently treated very kindly by a man from Cuba. As a result, Fran feels at ease around people from Cuba. Fran's emotional response to Cubans is most likely the result of ____.

Classical conditioning

The degree to which members wish to maintain membership in the group is referred to as ____.

Cohesiveness

Which individual is most likely to process arguments on the central route of persuasion?

Dave, a sport fisherman, who is listening to a politician argue that a local lake should be drained to make way for new housing.

The motivation behind the self-serving bias appears to be to ____.

Make ourselves feel better

You find that you are beginning to like the person sitting next to in your psychology class more and more. What might you experiencing?

Mere exposure effect

A persuader who acknowledges the other side of an argument will be perceived as more trustworthy by the audience. This is most directly a(n) ____ variable of persuasion.

Message

At the time of Kitty Genovese's murder, how did people respond to the witnesses who apparently did nothing?

Others perceived the witnesses as callous and apathetic.

The fundamental attribution error is to ____, as the actor-observer bias is to ____.

Others' behavior; our own behavior

If you were a participant in Stanley Milgram's studies on obedience, you would have ____.

Played the role of a "teacher" and delivered electric shocks to a "learner"

Abu was attending a concert with friends when a fight broke out in the crowd near the stage. From Abu's perspective, all he could see was a small group of people scuffling while the rest of the crowd calmly watched. Because the majority of the crowd seemed to be calm, Abu decided that the people must be playing around instead of fighting. And consequently, he did not intervene or go for help. Abu's behavior is best described as an example of ____.

Pluralistic ignorance

The study of attribution is concerned with the ____.

Process of assigning cause to behavior

Jenna goes away to college and meets the man of her dreams in the dorm room right across the hall from her. Which factor explains Jenna's attraction to this man?

Proximity

Which individual is not listed in your text as an audience variable affecting one's response to persuasion?

Race

The most common motive underlying hate crimes in the U.S. is ____ prejudice.

Racial

Stereotype threat is most related to which concept?

Self-fulfilling prophecy

When enthusiastically applauding at the end of a concert, you feel like giving a standing ovation, but you are not sure if you should do so. When you notice that a couple of other people in the crowd begin to stand, you will most likely ____.

Stand also

When compliance occurs as a result of getting a person to agree to a smaller request after having turned down a large request, this is called ____.

The door-in-the-face technique

When engaging in the attribution process, the actor's focus tends to be on ____.

The environment

According to dissonance theory, which individual should experience the greatest change in attitude?

a humanitarian who tells a lie to earn $20

Research on stereotype threat suggests that stereotypes ____.

have definite effects on members of stereotyped groups