Psychology Ch 1

What is Biological Approach?

Focus on the body, especially the brain and the nervous system.

____________________ psychology is the field that applies psychological concepts to the legal system.

Forensic.

What is Behavioral Approach?

The study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants.

What is Neuroscience?

The scientific study of the structure, function, development, genetics, and biochemistry of the nervous system.

A cognitive psychologist is likely to study: A. Attention and Information processing. B. Psychological disorders for the developmental. C. Children's learning and adjustment in school. D. Personality.

A. Attention and Information processing.

Cross-Cultural Psychology is the study of a culture's role in understanding which of the following? (Multiple Choice answer) A. Emotion. B. Thought. C. Behavior. D. Environment

A. Emotion. B. Thought. C. Behavior.

A Cognitive Psychologist might study how the brain solves problems by considering a mental process such as: (pick more than answer) A. Imagination B. Psychopathology C. Unconscious Ideas D. Memory

A. Imagination D. Memory

Psychology seeks to understand (multiple choice answer): A. People's best experiences. B. Mental Illnesses. C. People's worst experiences.

A. People's best experiences. C. People's worst experiences.

Which field if psychology studies the relatively enduring qualities of individuals? A. Personality Psychology. B. Clinical Psychology. C. Community Psychology. D. Health Psychology.

A. Personality Psychology.

Which of the following are among the main concerns of industrial and organizational psychology? (multiple choice answer) A. Personnel Matters. B. Human Resource concerns. C. Personality Traits. D. Lifestyle Choices.

A. Personnel Matters. B. Human Resource concerns.

Two key early proponents in the behavioral approach (multiple choice) A. Watson. B. Skinner. C. Freud. D. James.

A. Watson. B. Skinner.

What is Cognitive Approach?

Approach to psychology focusing on the mental processes of knowing. How we direct our attention, perceive, remember, think, and solve problems.

What is a psychological perspective that uses concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection as the basis for explaining specific behavior? A. Neuroscience Approach B. Evolutionary Approach C. Sociocultural Approach D. Behavioral Approach

B. Evolutionary Approach

A ______________ is able to prescribe psychoactive medications to treat psychopathology. A. Counseling Psychologist. B. Psychiatrist. C. Clinical Psychologist. D. Personality Psychologist.

B. Psychiatrist.

Which of the following statements are true regarding controversies in the field of psychology? (multiple choice answer) A. Controversies force psychologists to make inaccurate conclusions. B. Psychology fosters controversies. C. Controversies prevent psychologists from developing methods. D. Controversies help psychologists by allowing them to examine evidence on all sides.

B. Psychology fosters controversies. D. Controversies help psychologists by allowing them to examine evidence on all sides.

Contemporary behaviorists do NOT emphasize which of the following? A. Actions. B. Sexual Drives. C. Watson and Skinner methods. D. Behavior.

B. Sexual Drives.

Formally defined psychology is the scientific study of human __________________ and mental processes.

Behavior.

The ___________________ approach focuses on an orgnanism's observable behavior as opposed to thoughts or feelings.

Behavioral.

Behaviors v.s. Mental Processes?

Behaviors: Student skateboarding, woman combing her hair, a baby eating cereal. Mental Processes: Grandpa's memory of 1st car, woman thinking about what to wear, thoughts about politics, a baby feeling anxious around dogs.

Developmental psychologists focus on the ________________________ and _______________________ factors that contribute to human development.

Biological and Environmental.

Neuroscience is a(n) ________________________ approach to psychology.

Biological.

Psychologists who focus on the brain and nervous system are adhering to the __________________ approach.

Biological.

Psychologists study: A. People Exclusively. B. Mental Processes and thoughts exclusively. C. Behavior and Mental Processes. D. Actions but not reactions.

C. Behavior and Mental Processes.

Which psychological perspective emphasizes the scientific study of observable behavioral responses and their environmental determinants? A. Cognitive Approach. B. Psychodynamic Approach. C. Behavioral Approach. D. Humanistic Approach.

C. Behavioral Approach.

Critical thinking helps us to do all of the following except? A. Engage with ideas B. Formulate new ideas C. Criticize behavior of others D. Make Informed decisions

C. Criticize behavior of others

Critical thinking is the practice of evaluating: A. Oneself. B. Feelings. C. Evidence. D. Opinions.

C. Evidence.

The _______________ psychology movement emphasizes human strengths, optimal traits, and qualities that reflect the best of humanity. A. Structuralism. B. Historical. C. Positive. D. Environment.

C. Positive.

Positive Psychology is concerned with topics such as: (pick more than one answer) A. Psycho-pharmcological treatment B. Psychological disorders C. Resilience D. Forgiveness

C. Resilience D. Forgiveness

The psychology of women and gender emphasizes the importance of which of the following: (pick more than one answer) A. Interactions with women, their relationships, etc. B. The effects of reward and punishments. C. The social and cultural influences on Women's Development. D. The psychological influences on women's behavior.

C. The social and cultural influences on Women's Development. D. The psychological influences on women's behavior.

Many __________________________ psychologists focus on the way that the mind interprets incoming information, evaluates it, stores it, and applies it to decision making.

Cognitive.

Which psychological perspective argues that understanding a person's behavior requires knowing about the context in which behavior occurs? A. Evolutionary Approach. B. Psychodynamic Approach. C. Humanistic Approach. D. Sociocultural Approach.

D. Sociocultural Approach.

Which type of psychology applies to psychological principles to improve athletic performance and enjoying athletic participation? A. Gym Psychology B. Athletic Psychology C. Physical Education Psychology D. Sport Psychology

D. Sport Psychology

Sigmund Freud theorized that...

Early relationships with parents shaped an individual's personality.

What is Humanistic Approach?

Emphasizes a person's positive growth, and freedom to choose one's destiny.

What is Sociocultural Approach?

Emphasizes the important influence culture has on our behavior.

What is Psychodynamic Approach?

Emphasizes the unconscious thought, the conflict between biological drives (drive for sex) society's demands and early childhood experiences. How we think, how we feel, and how we behave.

Gaining knowledge through observation data collection, and logical reasoning are components of the?

Empirical Method.

Psychologists who are primarily therapists use therapeutic tools that have been proven as effective by empirical research. This means that they engage in _________________ ______________ practice.

Evidence Based.

What is a psychological perspective that uses concepts such as adaptation, reproduction, and the natural selection as the basis for explaining human behaviors?

Evolutionary Approach.

True or False: Humanistic psychologists theorize that people are driven by unconscious impulses and external rewards.

FALSE

True or False: A psychiatrist typically has a doctoral degree in psychology, while a clinical psychologist is a physician with a medical degree who specializes in abnormal behavior and psychotherapy.

FALSE.

______________________ is a field of psychology that uses multidimensional approach that emphasizes psychological factors, lifestyle, and the nature of the healthcare system.

Health Psychology.

Disagreements over theories and findings have _____________________ in the field of psychology.

Helped Advance.

Community Psychology concentrates on?

Improving the quality of relationships among individuals.

What is Evolutionary Approach?

Interested in the way we adapt to our environment throughout human history.

___________________ is the intricate process by which behavior changes to adapt the different circumstances.

Learning.

Biological processes, such as the role of the brain has in behavior, is the focus of behavioral ________________________.

Neuroscience.

____________________ psychology examines the traits that differentiate you from someone else.

Personality.

Psychiatrist v.s. Psychologist?

Psychiatrist: Has a medical degree, works in a hospital, prescribes drugs. Psychologist: Doctorate in psychology, completes internship in mental health facilities.

The technique that Freud developed is called?

Psychoanalysis.

____________________ is the study of behavior and mental processes.

Psychology.

_________________ and educational psychologists work in the elementary and secondary academic systems where they test children and make recommendations about educational placement.

School.

Juan is a psychologist studying how changes in ambient lighting affect people's performance on a vision test. Juan studies...

Sensation and Perception.

Who was the founding father of Psychodynamic Approach?

Sigmund Freud.

A(n)_______________________ psychologist would be interested in social perception, cognition, and attitudes.

Social.

What cannot be directly observed?

Thoughts, feelings, motives.

Practitioners of the psychodynamic approach believe that _____________________ impulses buried deep within the unconscious mind influence the way people behave, think, and feel.

sexual and aggressive.