Psychology Chapter 12

Which of the following is a cost of problem-focused coping?

Possible misdiagnosis of the problem.

Daniela woke up one morning to discover an overnight storm resulted in massive flooding, closing the subway system she uses to get to her job. Daniela assesses the situation and concludes the stressor (not being able to get to her job) does not pose a threat as she can take a sick day. What has Daniela engaged in?

Primary appraisal

What stress-coping strategy is most likely to be used by one with a hardy personality?

Problem-focused coping

In Seligman and Maier's study, how did the dogs respond after receiving shocks from which they could not escape?

Their escape responses slowly decreased.

Identify the three specific traits that characterize a hardy personality.

Viewing life's stressors as a series of challenges Feeling one has control over one's life and work Commitment to self, family, and work

Which of the following contributes positively to one's happiness?

Viewing stressors as opportunities rather than threats.

When do stressors threaten physical and mental health?

When you experience many of them within a year

Problem-focused coping with stress is

a means of controlling the source of stress.

Which of the following describes a way in which women and men differ in the stress response?

Adult men produce higher corticosteroid levels in response to stress than adult women.

Phoebe is hiking the trails around Sisters, Oregon when she hears the sound of a rattlesnake. Her heart races and her muscles tense. Which stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome is Phoebe experiencing?

Alarm

In which stage of the general adaption syndrome is the HPA axis initially activated?

Alarm reaction stage

Benjamin loves to eat both lasagna and salmon. When out at his favorite restaurant, having to choose which to order is an example of which type of conflict?

Approach-approach

Which of the following are life event stressors? Check all that apply.

Becoming widowed Graduating from college Getting fired

While John was away on vacation, his house burned down to the ground, destroying everything he owned. What kind of stressor did he experience?

Catastrophe

Which of the following is a sexually transmitted infection that is caused by bacteria?

Chlamydia

Anthony stops at the local coffee shop on his way to work. The long line is moving slowly. Anthony gets irritated and starts to worry that he will be late. What type of stressor is Anthony experiencing?

Daily hassle

Which of the following is an example of a health-promoting behavior?

Eating a plant-based diet

Which of the following is an example of a health-defeating behavior?

Engaging in unsafe sex

At which stage of the body's response to stress does the individual become vulnerable to physical and mental illness?

Exhaustion stage

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, higher rates of sexually transmitted infections are found among which group?

Gay and bisexual men

Which three structures comprise the HPA axis?

Hypothalamus, pituitary, adrenal glands

Which of the following is an example of a daily hassle stressor?

Living next door to dog that barks all day

Which factor is positively associated with the development of resilience?

Maternal warmth

Roshan is having difficulty deciding whether to major in psychology, law, or business as each path has benefits and drawbacks. Which type of conflict is Roshan experiencing?

Multiple approach-avoidance

Dania is at the doctor's office for her annual physical. Her primary appraisal of this event is that it will enhance her well-being. How can Dania's primary appraisal of this event be described?

Positive

Which of the following sexually transmitted infections is caused by tiny mites that burrow into the skin and lay their eggs, causing intense itching?

Scabies

What do people with hardy personalities tend to do with stressful situations?

Turn them into opportunities for learning and growth

A defense mechanism is

automatic.

The "three C's" of the hardy personality refer to

challenge, commitment, and control.

Emotion-focused coping reflects

focusing on regulating one's internal, subjective, and emotional responses to a stressor.

According to research, the Type D personality has an increased risk of heart problems, high blood pressure, and depression due to

not having an outlet for expressing their negative emotions.

Ann survived a boating accident that claimed the lives of two of her friends. After this event, she changed her life by embracing new opportunities personally and professionally. She also developed a heightened sense of gratitude toward life. Psychologists refer to this positive effect of a stressful life experience as

posttraumatic growth.

Hans Selye developed his general adaptation system in order to describe

the stages in which the body responds to stress.