Psychology chapter 4 test

A state of ________, as shown by EEG recordings of new practitioners, is not an altered state of consciousness; however, patterns of brain waves exhibited by expert practitioners may represent a unique state of consciousness.

meditation

Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________.

narcolepsy

Samek was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldnâ t resist falling asleep. Samek may have ________.

narcolepsy

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when ________.

An individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep.

What occurs during stage 1 sleep?

Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down.

Which psychodynamic theorist proposed the idea of a collective unconscious that is shared by all members of the human species?

Carl Jung

Which of the following statements about rotating shift work is false?

It carries a much higher risk of leading to substance abuse.

ariq depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so frequently that he experiences no significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify?

Psychological dependence

Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.

REM

Which researcher believed that dreams simply reflect life events that are important to the dreamer?

Rosalind Cartwright

Which of the following statements about sleep deprivation is false?

Sleep deprivation has been found to lead to ADHD.

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________.

Suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

Which of the following is not a risk factor for SIDS?

above average birth weight

Stage 1 sleep is characterized by a predominance of ________ wave activity in the brain.

alpha

Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) ________ rhythm.

biological

Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go to bed early. A psychologist would say they have different ________.

chronotypes

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world.

circadian

Ali is aware of his feelings, emotions, and thoughts. He is also aware of his surroundings, the warmth of the sun, and the sound of nearby traffic. Ali is in a state of ________.

conciousness

Melatonin release from the pineal gland is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________.

darkness; light

Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity.

depressant

________theory suggests that when people are hypnotized they have voluntarily divided their conscious: one half aware of reality and the other half tuned in to the hypnotist.

dissociative

Which psychological perspective might advance the argument that our sleep patterns evolved as an adaptive response to predatory risks, which are higher during periods of darkness?

evolutionary

Mescaline is considered a(n) ________ drug because it results in profound alterations in sensory and perceptual experiences.

hallucinogenic

Mona lives on the east coast of the USA. She takes an overnight flight to the west coast to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________.

jet lag

In Freud's model of dreams, the hidden meaning of a dream is called the ________ content.

latent

Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of________.

parasomnias

Crack is regarded as more addictive than cocaine because it is ________.

smokable, so it reaches the brain more quickly

Shoresh suggests that Ted cluck like a chicken during the hypnosis not because he is experiencing an altered state of consciousness but because he is playing the role of a hypnotized person. This is a good example of the ________ theory of hypnosis.

social-cognitive

Marlowe wakes up from a dream about his teeth falling out. He looks in a dream dictionary and finds losing teeth is usually dream symbolism for anxiety. Marlowe is focused on the ________ content.

latent

After Omar falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. Which parasomnia does Omar have?

night terrrors

Individuals undergoing hypnosis ________.

usually have clear memories of the hypnotic experience and are in control of their own behaviors

Cocaine is considered a ________ drug because it tends to increase overall levels of neural activity.

stimulant

Tayla smokes marijuana. At first, just a few inhalations were enough to cloud her mind. Over time, she needs to smoke more and more to achieve the same effect. This is an example of ________.

tolerance

Why can amphetamines be used to treat ADHD in children?

They increase neurotransmitter activity within certain areas of the brain associated with impulse control.

What stage of sleep are you most likely experiencing if an EEG of your brain activity showed sleep spindles and K-complexes?

2

Which theory of dreams suggested that they do not, in fact, have any meaning at all but rather are simply the brainâ s attempt to make sense of random neural firing that occurs while we sleep?

The activation-synthesis model